耐药的

The latter finding "emphasizes that the commensal flora could serve as a reservoir of resistance for potentially pathogenic bacteria," the authors note.

后来的一些发现表明，重要的是共生的物种作为耐药的宿主提供给潜在病原菌有用的信息。研究者如是说。

Results: The proportion of Gram-negative bacilli rose obviously, so did the opportunistic pathogen's and Yeasts detected rate. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Citrobacter resistant and so on to fluoroquinolones was 57%~97%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. Meticillin-resistant-staphylococcus resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, cefazolin and ampicillin were 40.9%, 42.4%, 63.6%, 72.2%, 85.9%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively Streptococcus and Enterococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides were between 36.0% to 100.0%.

结果：革兰阴性杆菌比例显著升高，条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增多；药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升；大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和枸橼酸杆菌等革兰阴性杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达57%~97%，亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率；耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、头孢唑啉和氨苄西林的耐药率分别为40.9%、42.4%、63.6%、70.2%、85.9%、100.0%和100.0%；链球菌和肠球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物均呈高度耐药，耐药率在36%~100%。

To Dec. 2003 years in Yuxi city People's Hospital. RESULTS: The proportion of G－ bacilli were much. The opportunistic pathogen's and Yeasts detected rate rose obviously. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Klebsiella and so on to fluoroquinolones was 50～97.7%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. MRS resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamycin, trimeth/sulfa and cefazolin were above 50%. Streptococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonomides were highness.

结果：G－杆菌比例居多，条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增高；药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升；大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和克雷伯菌等G－杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率在50％～97.7％，亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率；耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、庆大霉素、复方新诺明和头孢唑啉的耐药率均在50％以上，链球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物呈高度耐药。

Another important yet little-appreciated cause of anticancer drug resistance is the limited ability of drugs to penetrate tumor tissue and to reach all of the tumor cells in a potentially lethal concentration. To reach all viable cells in the tumor, anticancer drugs must be delivered efficiently through the tumor vasculature, cross the vessel wall, and traverse the tumor tissue.

另一个重要的但并未受到重视的产生肿瘤耐药的原因是肿瘤药物本身具有有限的穿越肿瘤组织在肿瘤细胞中达到潜在的致死浓度，为了达到肿瘤组织中的活细胞，抗肿瘤药物必须能够有效的穿越肿瘤的脉管系统、穿越血管壁进入肿瘤组织。

The antibiotic resistance of staphylococcus aureus was detected by K-B method. Of 33 staphylococcus aureus stains isolated from food, 28 were resistant to penicillium and ampicillin, the resistance rate was as high as 84.8%.21 stains were resistant to carbenicillin, the rate was 63.6%.5 stains were detected resistant to methicillin, which took up to 15.2%. The stains also were resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics, aminoglycoside, microcline antibiotic and tetracyclines in different levels, all strains were sensitive to vancomycin.

结果 33株食品中分离的金黄色葡萄球菌，有28株对青霉素和氨苄西林耐药，耐药率高达84.8%；21株对卡比西林耐药，耐药率达63.6%；检出了5株耐甲氧西林的菌株，耐药率为15.2%；对其他头孢类抗生素、氨基糖苷类、大环内脂类、四环素类等都出现出不同程度的耐药；所有菌株均对万古霉素敏感。

Overexpression of MDR1, GST-π, p53 mRNA and their corresponding proteins in epithelial ovarian cancer participated in the formation of multidrug resistance in ovarian cancer and P53 may play a indirected role through regulating the expression of MDR1、GST-π.

卵巢癌化疗耐药与耐药基因GST-π、MDR1过表达及细胞凋亡相关基因P53突变密切相关，突变的P53可能通过调控耐药基因GST-π、MDR1而间接发挥其耐药作用。

Objective To screening sensitive test to detesting on ESBLs of Klebsiella pneumonia(KL.pneumonia )and E scherichia,study relation between ESBLs and resistance to antibiotics of KL.pneumonia and E.coli,provide suggestions empirical treatment against the bacteria.

摘 要］目的：筛选检测肺炎克雷伯氏菌及大肠杆菌的超广谱的β内酰胺酶的敏感方法，并探讨肺炎克雷伯氏菌及大肠杆菌产ESBLs的情况与耐药的关系，为临床合理使用抗生素提供实验依据。

Objective Pseudomonas aeruginosais a Gramnegative bacterium that colonises the lower rspiratory tract in patients with bronchiectasis,cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

目的 铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa，PA)是一种定植于支气管扩张、肺囊性纤维化和慢性阻塞性肺病病人下呼吸道的机会致病菌，可持续刺激宿主免疫反应导致进展性的气道破坏，具有多重耐药的特点，一旦感染，临床治疗十分困难。

Methods PCR screening and DNA sequence were used to determine the drug resistance genes associated with class I integron in 4 clinical strains of P.aeruginosa. The resistance genes were located by conjugated transfer experiments and the conjugations were studied by PCR method.

整合子通过整合酶从环境中捕获耐药基因盒，并将耐药基因盒组装在一起，形成巨大的耐药基因多基因座；同时整合子及耐药基因盒可借助转化、转导及接合等方式在细菌中转移，使耐药基因广泛传播。

In the AP group, a haematological response was observed in 47% of patients and a major cytogenetic response in 29% of patients. Overall survival rate among the 119 AP patients after 12 months of follow-up was 79%.

在临床试验中，使用Tasigna治疗后，42%的对格列卫耐药的慢性期费城染色体阳性CML患者会出现异常染色体减少或者消失的情况；而在处于加速期的患者中，也有31%的患者能够获得同样的效果。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。