耐药的

The multi-drug resistant model of minimal residual leukemia was established by using P388/VCR-G cell line expressing enhanced green flourescent protein and DBA mice.

为了方便研究多药耐药微小残留白血病的病理生理和治疗，采用携带绿荧光蛋白基因标记的小鼠多药耐药白血病细胞系P388/VCR-G和DBA小鼠建立一个检测多药耐药微小残留白血病的动物模型。

This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiology and therapy of multi-drug resistant model of minimal residual leukemia in mice.

为了方便研究多药耐药微小残留白血病的病理生理和治疗，采用携带绿荧光蛋白基因标记的小鼠多药耐药白血病细胞系P388/VCRG和DBA小鼠建立一个检测多药耐药微小残留白血病的动物模型。

Liver function and pathological changes of hepatic tissue were examined.

采用ANIT灌胃制备大鼠急性肝内胆汁淤积病理模型，共32只大鼠，设正常组、正常＋大黄素组、模型组和模型＋大黄素组，观察各组实验动物肝功能各项生化指标和肝组织病理学改变，并采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测肝细胞膜转运蛋白基因多药耐药蛋白1a（mdr1a）、多药耐药蛋白1b（mdr1b）和多药耐药蛋白2（mdr2）mRNA水平的表达，Western blot方法检测肝脏P-糖蛋白的变化。

Results These 48 Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates had different resistance to aminoglycusides. The resistance and susceptibility to gentamicin was 69% and 31% respectively. The resistance, susceptibility and intermediary to netilmicin was 8%, 79% and 13%, streptomycin was 42%, 35% and 23% and amikacin was 15%, 75% and 10%.

结果 48株临床分离的表皮葡萄球菌对4种氨基糖苷类抗菌药物的药敏特征分别为：对庆大霉素的耐药率为69%，敏感率为31%；对奈替米星的耐药率为8%，敏感率为79%，中介率为13%；对链霉素的耐药率为42%，敏感率为35%，中介率为23%；对阿米卡星的耐药率为15%，敏感率为75%，中介率为10%。

Originally inferior test result indicates result , the staphylococcus poisons rates to different oxazole of sulfanilamide being able to bear being 100%, the penicillin poisons rates with the illotycin being able to bear approaching 100% equally , the streptococcus poisons rates most highly , is 61.11% to the penicillin being able to bear, being able to bear to streptomycin , illotycin , Achromycin etc.

结果 本次试验结果表明，葡萄球菌对磺胺异恶唑的耐药率为100%，青霉素和红霉素的耐药率均接近100%，链球菌对青霉素的耐药率最高，为61.11%，对链霉素、红霉素、四环素等的耐药率均超过50%，成为临床治疗的潜在危险，提示安全应用治疗药物的重要性。

The result indicated: antibacterial concentration of inner thallus increased progressively with time prolongation when added CCCP with antibacteria, proved that multi-resistance of E.coli in livestock and avian is mediated really by active efflux system; The multi-resistant level have positive correlation with AcrAB transcription and expression level; Quantitive RT-PCR,Western-blotting and fluorescence quantitive PCR can use to detect AcrAB.these results provide theory foundation to detect and study multi-resistance of E.coli in veterinary clinic and have a important scientific significance to develop neotype antibacterials.

结果表明，多重耐药株在有CCCP 存在时，菌体内抗菌药物的浓度随时间的延长而递增，证明畜禽大肠杆菌多重耐药性确实由主动外排系统介导；其多重耐药水平与AcrAB的转录、表达水平呈现正相关；定量RT-PCR、Western-blotting、荧光定量PCR可用于AcrAB水平的检测。这些结果对检测临床大肠杆菌的多重耐药水平、对研究兽医临床大肠杆菌多重耐药机制提供理论依据，对开发新型抗菌药物有重要的科学意义。

Thunberg Fritillary Bulb is one of the most popular Traditional Chinese herbs. Some trials in vivo and animals indicated that Peimine and Peiminine, extracted from Thunbery Fritillary Bulb, have the function of reversing MDR of two different kinds of mechanisms. They can improve the cytotoxic of ADR to cancer cells by 5～10 folds under concentration of 10% cancer cell growth inhibitory rate. Peimine and Peiminine not only feather typical character of modifier of MDR, but also differ from other moldifiers such as Calcium channel blocker, Cyclosporines in chemical structure, they belong to cevine groups alkaloid, a subgroup of C-Nor-D-homosteroid alkaloid.

浙贝母是临床常用中药，体外及动物试验证明，浙贝母中的有效活性成分贝母甲素和贝母乙素具有逆转肿瘤细胞MDR的作用，而且能逆转两种不同机制的多药耐药肿瘤细胞的耐药性，在无明显细胞毒剂量下，可使阿霉素对耐药肿瘤细胞的杀伤活性提高5-10倍，不但具备明确的多药耐药逆转剂的特征，而且在化学结构上属异甾类生物碱中的瑟文类生物碱，完全不同于钙离子拮抗剂、免疫抑制剂和其它现有的耐药逆转剂，具有作用靶点宽、化学结构独特的特点。

objective to analyze the drug resistance of staphylococcus aureusand provide suggestion for clinical rational use of antibiotics.methods secretion of those neonates suffered primary skin soft tissue infection and admitted during june,2005 to december,2007 was cultured and 113 strains of staphylococcus aureus were detected.we used k-b diffusion methods to determine their susceptibility to the common used antibiotics.results resistance rates of staphylococcus aureus to ampicillin/sulbactam,penicillin-g and cefazolin were 14.2%,40.7%and 6.2% respectively; there was no vancomycin-resistant strain.conclusion the resistance of staphylococcus aureus is not a serious problem in neonatal dermatic soft tissue infection.local treatment is the major approach in clinic,while general anti-infection consisting mainly of penicillin and first generation cephalosporin is chosen to avoid resistance mutation of staphylococcus aureus resulted from abuse of antibiotics.

多重聚合酶链反应快速鉴别葡萄球菌及。。。乳腺脓肿分离到葡萄球菌的鉴定和药敏。。。目的探讨金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性，指导临床合理用药。方法对我院2005年6月至2007年12月新生儿原发性皮肤软组织感染患儿的分泌物进行培养，共检出金黄色葡萄球菌113株，并采用kb纸片扩散法对其进行常用抗生素的药敏试验。结果金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、青霉素g及头孢唑啉的耐药率分别为14.2%、40.7%和6.2%，未发现耐万古霉素金黄色葡萄球菌。结论在新生儿皮肤软组织感染中金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药问题并不十分严重，临床处理应以局部为主，全身抗感染治疗宜以青霉素及i代头孢类抗生素为主，避免过度使用抗生素加速金葡菌的耐药突变。

①The collected clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were more seriously resistable to Ciprofloxacin than to Imipenem;②The antibiotic resistance of clinical Acinetobacter baumannii isolates may be associated with the decline of CarO protein expression;③There is some relationship between CarO protein and ciprofloxacin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains,it proves that CarO protein supports bacteria on multi-drug resistance;④CarO protein may be related to cell signalling;⑤The difference in CarO protein functional sites and structure between the sensitive strains and the resistant strains may be related to bacterial resistance.

①收集的临床鲍曼不动杆菌对环丙沙星的耐药情况较亚胺培南严重；②CarO蛋白的表达下调可能与临床鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性相关；③CarO蛋白与鲍曼不动杆菌耐环丙沙星有一定相关性，佐证了CarO蛋白可能与细菌多重耐药有关；④CarO蛋白可能与细胞信号传导有关；⑤敏感菌株与耐药菌株的CarO蛋白功能位点和内部结构有差异，可能与细菌耐药有关。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antiseptic resistance and Sulphonamide Compounds gene qacE△1-sul in multidrug resistance of Gram negative bacteria caused nosocomial infection,which aim to provides the basis to control nosocomial infection better.METHODS Multidrug resistant Gram negative bacteria were isolated from clinical.

目的了解多重耐药革兰阴性杆菌耐药现状和耐消毒剂磺胺复合物基因qacE△1-sul的携带率及其阳性菌株临床分布状况，为多重耐药革兰阴性杆菌医院感染预防控制提供依据。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。