翠菊

The result showed that the best is Coreopsis drummondii, its semi-lethal concentration and limit concentration both reached as high as 1.4%; The next was Callistephus chinensis, its semi-lethal concentration was 0.6%, and its limit concentration was 1.2%; The middle was Althaea rosea, its semi-lethal concentration was 0.4%, and its limit concentration was 1.2%; The lower one was Rudbeckia hirta, its semi-lethal concentration was 0.4%, and its limit concentration was 1.0%.

结果表明：耐盐性最强的是金鸡菊，其耐盐半致死浓度和耐盐极限浓度高达1.4%；其次为翠菊，耐盐半致死浓度为0.6%，耐盐极限浓度为1.2%；耐盐力中等的是蜀葵，其耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%，耐盐极限浓度为1.2%；耐盐性最差的是黑心菊，耐盐半致死浓度为0.4%，耐盐极限浓度为1.0%。

Using Rudbeckia hirta,Coreopsis drummondii,Callistephus chinensis, Althaea rosea ,four kinds of ornamental plant seeds as the test materials,treated with NaCl and Na2SO4 double salt solutions of different concentrations,and the relative germination percentage,root length,simply vigour index,synthetic inhibitory effect were measured to determine the effect of salt stress on seed germination.

以黑心菊、金鸡菊、翠菊、蜀葵4种花卉种子为材料，研究不同浓度NaCl和Na2SO4复盐溶液处理下种子及幼苗的耐盐性，并观察其相对发芽率、根长、简易活力指数、综合效应。

So the results made it clear that this phytoplasma strain is one of the members of Aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI-B group).

基本确定了这两种植原体株系属于翠菊黄化组B亚组(16SrI-B，rp-B)。

Based on the results of 16SrDNA and rp gene sequence analysis, CWB and SWB in China were identified and sorted as Aster yellows group (16SrI) and Elm yellows group(16SrV) respectively for the first time, and JWB and WJWB were proved to be the same pathogen.

根据16SrDNA序列分析和比较，首次将我国发生的苦楝丛枝病和国槐丛枝病进行了鉴定和归类，CWB为翠菊黄化组；SWB为榆树黄化组成员。

So the results made it clear that these two phytoplasma strains are one of the members of Aster yellows phytoplasma group (16SrI-B, rp-B group).

本研究同时还运用PCR-RFLP技术对上述两个植原体株系进行酶切图谱比较分类鉴定以及确定来源不同的苦楝丛枝病植株是否存在不同亚组的植原体株系复合侵染的现象，结果也表明这两个株系均属于翠菊黄化组B亚组，且采自不同省份的两个苦楝丛枝病植株没有植原体株系的复合侵染。

Coli . The clones were verified by restriction enzyme digestion and PCR. Sequence and homology analyses showed that this phytoplasma strain shares high homology (99.0%) with the phytoplasma of Aster Yellows that belongs to 16SrI group.

通过酶切、PCR鉴定，对筛选得到的重组阳性克隆进行核酸序列测定及同源性比较分析，结果表明其与植原体16SrⅠ组中的西方翠菊黄化植原体同源率为99%。

But it is obviously under 97.0% with other groups. With further comparing the rps3 gene of ribosomal protein gene for the CWB-YN strain,the results show that these strains shared highest homology (98.1% and 100%)with Aster yellows and Periwinkle yellows.

进一步比较CWB-YN株系核糖体蛋白基因rps3基因编码的氨基酸序列同源性，结果与16S rI–B亚组的翠菊黄化病植原体(Aster yellows，AY)和长春花黄化病植原体(Periwinkle yellows，PY)的同源性最高，分别达98.1%和100%。

Based on Phylogenetic analysis of sequences from these 10 phytoplasmas using PAUP (phylogenetic analysis using parsimony) software, these phytoplasmas could be classified into five groups. These phytoplasmas groups and strains were: group 1, sweetpotato witches' broom, mainland China strain of sweetpotato witches' broom, peanut witches' broom and Ipomoea obscura witches' broom; group 2, loofah witches' broom; group 3, elm yellows; group 4, rice yellow dwarf and sugarcane white leaf disease; group 5, New Jersey strain of aster yellows and western strain of aster yellows.

从spacer序列堆衍的亲缘演化树显示这10种植物菌质体可分为5群：第一群，甘薯簇叶病、甘薯簇叶病、花生簇叶病及细花牵牛簇叶病等菌质体；第二群，丝瓜簇叶病菌质体；第三群，榆树黄化病菌质体；第四群，水稻黄萎病及甘蔗白叶病菌质体；第五群，翠菊黄化病菌质体。

The stress resistance of common roof garden plants, e.g. Dahlia hybrida, Callistephus chinensis, Calendula officinalis and Chrysanthemum multicaule were determined by mensurating such index as chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, water content, Pro content, MDA content and dissoluble sugar content. The result indicates that Dahlia hybrida is the best, Callistephus chinensis next, Calendula officinalis and Chrysanthemum multicaule are weaker as to drought resistance;while in the experiment on coldness resistance, the ability to bear coldness ranks from the best to the worst is Poa annua, Festuca arundinacea and Trifolium.

对小丽花、矮翠菊、金盏菊与黄晶菊等常见城市绿化植物进行的抗逆性试验研究，测定了叶绿素含量、膜相对透性、相对含水量、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量等指标，结果表明：在抗旱性试验中小丽花的耐受性最强，矮翠菊次之，金盏菊与黄晶菊的耐受性较弱：抗寒性试验中所选植物材料的耐受性次序分别是早熟禾强于高羊茅强于三叶草。

Comparing the nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene and ribosomal protein gene, we could find that these two strains have the highest homology of 99.4% and 99.8%, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene for the CWB-YN strain shared higher homology (98.5%,98.9% and 98.0%) with phytoplasma strains in Tomato big bug 16SrI-A group, Western aster yellow (16SrI-B group and Clover phyllody (16SrI-C group). But it is obviously under 97.0% with other phytoplasma groups. The CWB-GZh strain shared higher homology (98.7%,99.1% and 98.3%) with phytoplasma strains in Tomato big bug(16SrI-A group ),Western aster yellow (16SrI-B group) and Clover phyllody (16SrI-C group).

苦楝丛枝病植原体云南株系与其它组16S rRNA基因序列的同源率进行比较，结果与16SrI-A组中的番茄巨芽病植原体(Tomato big bug，BB)、16SrI-B组中的西方翠菊黄化病植原体(Western aster yellow，SAY)和16SrI-C组中的三叶草变病植原体(Clover phyllody，CPh)同源率达最高，分别为98.5%、98.9%和98.0%，而与其它组的植原体16S rRNA基因序列的同源率均低于95%；苦楝丛枝病植原体贵州株系与16Sr I-A组的番茄巨芽病植原体(Tomato big bug，BB)、16Sr I-B组的西方翠菊黄化病植原体(Western aster yellow， SAY)和16SrI-C组中的三叶草变叶病植原体(Clover phyllody，CPh)的同源率达最高，分别为98.7%、99.1%和98.3%。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。