群落

Different submerged plant communities had indicative significances for the wetland hydro-environment. For example, the occurrence of Myriophyllum spicatum + Potamongeton crispus community was an indicator for severe eutrophication, while that of Batrachium pekinens community could he regarded as an indicator of better water quality.

不同沉水植物群落分类组对环境因子有明显的指示意义，狐尾藻＋菹草群落是水体严重富营养化的表现，而北京水毛茛群落的出现是水质较好的表现。

The species diversity of Dipentodon sinicus communities in Yushe National Forest Park of Guizhou province was studied based on the quadrate method. The results showed that Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Theaceae, Lauraceae, Caprifoliaceae, Cornaceae were the dominant families in D. sinicus communities of Yushe National Forest Park. In the 10 sample plots, there were 8 which were absolutely dominated with D. sinicus population, the importance value came up to 135.69 on average, and it was far higher than the others. For D. sinicus communities, the abundance index (2.847), Simpson index (0.601), Shannon-Wiener index (1.523), probability of inter-specific encounter (0.601) and species evenness (0.569) of the tree layer were lower than those of the shrub layer (5.580, 0.830, 2.377, 0.829, 0.672, respectively) on the whole. It markedly showed a species diversity characteristic of the mixed broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest in middle subtropics. In the 10 sample plots, the species diversity level of Q1 was the highest, followed by Q3, Q5 and Q6 was the lowest.

摘要运用样方法对贵州省玉舍国家级森林公园稀有保护植物十齿花群落的物种多样性进行了研究，结果表明：玉舍国家级森林公园十齿花群落以蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、桦木科、山茶科、樟科、忍冬科、山茱萸科等为优势科；10个样地中有8个样地以十齿花种群占绝对优势，其平均重要值高达135.69，远远高于其它种群；十齿花群落乔木层物种丰富度为2.847、Simpson指数为0.601、Shannon-Wiener指数为1.523、种间相遇机率为0.601、均匀度指数为0.569，总体上均小于灌木层(分别为：5.580、0.830、2.377、0.829、0.672)，表现为较明显的亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性特征。10个样地中，Q1的物种多样性程度最高，Q3次之，Q5和Q6最小，多样性程度最低，10个样地的物种多样性排序为Q1＞Q3＞Q9＞Q7＞Q2＞Q4＞Q10＞Q8＞Q5＞Q6。

The ascendancy community was Calliphoridae. Herbivore\'s ascendancy communities were Oides decempunctata, predator\'s were Erigonidium graminicola Sundeall, parasite\'s and neutrality\'s were Calliphoridae.3、The seasonal dynamics overall change of community\'s individual numbers, species, relative abundance were basically consistent. All of them conformed to the wavy development trend of increasing -descending-suden increasing-descending-increasing.

总群落上风种群均为红头丽蝇，植食类亚群落均为葡萄十星叶蝉，捕食类为草间小黑，寄生及中性类为红头丽蝇。3、各处理总群落个体数、物种数和相对丰富度的季节动态总体变化基本一致，都满足增长—下降—忽然增长—下降—增长的波浪形的发展趋势。

In recent years it has been exploited to be a famous scenic spot. To avoid vegetation degradation resulting from human activities and strengthen plant protection, Carpinus turczaninowii communities in great valley were selected as our research subject. The species diversity, interspecific association and correlation, niche breadth and niche overlap in these communities were studied using quantitative methods.

为了加强对该地区植被的保护，避免因人为干扰而导致的植被破坏和退化，本文以太行山南段的小叶鹅耳枥群落为研究对象，在分析了群落主要特征的基础上，应用数量生态学方法，分别从群落的物种多样性、优势种群的种间关系和生态位三个方面，客观定量地分析了植物群落的生态关系。

Prattii- Ailanthus altissima deciduous broad-leaved forest community and Cerasus trichostorna-Cerasus dielsiana-Acer caudatum deciduous broadleaved forest community , had lower total richness and Shannon-Wiener index .

3人工林群落与次生林群落相比，人工林群落具有较低的物种丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及较高的优势度指数，次生林具有较高的物种丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数以及较低的优势度指数。

There were three dominant species, that is Quercus liaotungensis , Corylus yunnanensis and Camphlotropis macrocarpa in the communities with artificial restoration for 9 years,16 years, and natural restoration for 16 years. These three species in these communities showed intense aggregation distribution whose intensity and area increased with the restoration time.

辽东栎、滇榛和杭子梢3个优势种群在人工恢复9年、人工恢复16年和自然恢复16年3群落内呈较强的聚集分布，聚集强度和聚集面积都随恢复时间的延长而增加，人工恢复16年群落具有较高的聚集强度，自然恢复群落具有较高的聚集面积。

Fordii community in 1995 and 2002, some resultswere obained:(1) Based on dynamics of population sizes in community succession, populations of Cryptocarya concinna and C.chinensis had the trend to rep lace Erythrophleum fordii as the most dominant species in the future.

因此，在群落尺度下，格木种群保护仅靠封育可能达不到保护目的，通过对格木群落动态发展规律的了解和格木在群落中的地位认识，配合科学的人工干扰措施，降低竞争程度才可能积极有效地保护野生格木种群。

The results showed that composition of species,especially dominant species,did not change significantly in the past 22 years(1984—2006),suggesting that the Cryptocarya concinna-Cryptocarya chinensi-Castanopsis chinensis-Schima superba community(Cryptocarya community for short,the same below) was at the phase of climax and relatively stable in spe...

森林群落中植物种之间的联结性是群落的重要数量和结构指标，是群落结构形成和演化的重要基础[3~9]。黄果厚壳桂-厚壳桂(C.chinensis)-锥栗Casta

The results showed that the forest have characteristics of rich in species of Lauraceae and Fagaceae.and should be named of "Machilus chinensis 、Cryptocarya chingii and Meliosma thorelii community".

结果表明，该群落属于中亚热带常绿阔叶林，应称为华润楠、仁昌厚壳桂－山羡叶泡花群落。该群落结构复杂，各层次的代表种类明显。

AMOVAresults showed there were 95.99%genetic variance within subpopulations,4.01% genetic variance between subpopulationsfor Schima superba;there were 75.36% genetic variance within subpopulation,24.64%genetic variance between subpopulations for Castanopsis chinensis;there were 89.55%genetic variance within subpopuiations,10.45% genetic variance betweensubpopulations for Cryptocarya chinensis.

AMOVA分析结果表明，荷木有95.99％的遗传变异表现在亚种群内，有4.01％的遗传变异表现在亚种群间，即95.99％的遗传变异是由于个体与个体之间的差异造成的，有4.01％的遗传变异是由于个体在不同的群落造成的；锥栗有75.36％的遗传变异表现在亚种群内，有24.64％的遗传变异表现在亚种群间，即75.36％的遗传变异是由于个体与个体之间的差异造成的，有24.64％的遗传变异是由于个体在不同的群落造成的；厚壳桂有89.55％的遗传变异表现在亚种群内，有10.45％的遗传变异表现在亚种群间，即89.55％的遗传变异是由于个体与个体之间的差异造成的，有10.45％的遗传变异是由于个体在不同的群落造成的。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。