群落

It indicates that decrease in taxon number could be compensated with increasing density of some taxa. Therefore, loss of some taxa in a faunal community may lead to a constant or higher diversity ranges. Due to this reason, we do not suggest that DG index could be used as a diversity measurement.

另外，DG指数与类群数(r=0.648， P=0.000)和类群密度(r=0.487， P=0.000)呈明显的正相关，类群数的下降可以通过部分类群密度的上升而获得补偿，群落的类群丢失后却可以获得一个不变的甚至更高的多样性值。

In terms of faunal geographical elements of grasshopper communities, 48 species of grasshopper were recorded, belonging to 31 genera, 7 families. Among those species, the palaearctic species with 41 species recorded are dominant, accounting for 85.42% of the total species number of the region; the endemic species with 2 species, accounting for a comparable small part; the widly-distributed accounting for a relatively larger proportion, with 5 species and 10.42% of the total.

从蝗虫的区系地理成分来看，长白山地区共有48种蝗虫构成了蝗虫群落，它们隶属于7科，31属；其中古北种占有绝对优势地位，计41种，占该区蝗虫总数的85.42％；东洋种所占比例较小，只有2种，占总数的4.17％；广布种5种，占该区蝗虫总数的10.42％；特有种所占比例较小，只有5种，占该区蝗虫总数的10.42％。

The applications of DGGE were mainly introduced among the food microbiology field,in assessing microbial communities in fermented product s and variations during food fermentation,differentiating ferme.

本文概述 DGGE 的基本原理、发展和应用现状；着重阐述该技术在评价发酵食品的细菌群落组成和动态变化、区分发酵食品、控制食品质量、检测食源性致病微生物等食品微生物研究领域中的应用；进一步展望了 DGGE 技术在食品研究领域的应用前景。

Fire and its ecological role in the grassland and fernland are studied.

本文研究火对香港草地和芒萁群落的影响。

It is an ancient species in its own genus and well-adapted to drought environments with fissurate growth and summer dormancy. Methods We selected Dengkou as our research site and collected three stages of P. mongolica (before, during and after fissuration) during August 1-5, 2002 and 2003. We used PV technique and measured several water relations parameters (φ,φ, ROWC, RWC,△(subscript φ),ε etc. in different stages of fissurate growth for comparison and analysis of drought tolerance and its mechanisms. Important findings Different stages of P. mongolica had different abilities and pathways to maintain turgor pressure. Fissurate growth decreased the species' drought tolerance and involved multiple adaptations to drought.

选取内蒙古磴口县境内具有绵刺群落的草原化荒漠区为研究样区，于2002~2003年每年8月1~5日采集未劈裂、正在劈裂和已劈裂植株，运用PV技术对不同劈裂生长状态绵刺的多种水分关系参数φ(下标 s、φ、ROWC、RWC、△、ε进行了测定，从绵刺保持膨压的能力和途径两方面进行了深入探讨；同时结合同一项目研究中绵刺劈裂生长过程中抗氧化酶系统和内源激素方面的研究成果，综合分析并探讨了绵刺劈裂生长的发生机理及其环境适应性。

The P. flagellaria clonal population distributing in the Songnen grassland was studied,and we observed the season dynamics of petiole length and the total stolon length as well as pattern of spacer length,compared the numbers of maternal ramets,daughter ramets and single ramets as well as the yearly dynamics of total biomass in 3 years (2003,2005,and 2006). Furthermore,we analyzed the correlation between population quantative character and the community's quantative character.

以松嫩草地羊草草甸内分布的蔓委陵菜无性系种群为研究对象，观测了叶柄长度、匍匐茎总长度的季节动态以及间隔子长度分布格局，比较了3个年份（2003、2005、2006年）的种群母株数、分株数、独立株数和总生物量年间动态，分析了种群数量特征与其所分布的群落的数量特征之间的相关关系。

P. flagellaria population plots were set in north the Leymus chinensis meadow of Northeast Normal University grassland ecological experiment station. P. anserina population plots were set in Yaojingzi grassland nature reserve of Jilin.

蔓萎陵菜种群样地设在东北师范大学草地生态实验站北甸子羊草草甸群落内；鹅绒委陵菜种群样地设在吉林省腰井子草原自然保护区内。

This paper reviews the methods and recent progress in cold seep benthic foraminiferal studies in some modern active cold seeps. Through comparison the main characteristics of modern cold seep benthic foraminiferal faunal and the discrepancy between different seepages are presented. It also reviews the carbon isotope response of benthic foraminifera in different cold seep areas and its possibly influential factors. Finally we give a general outlook for the study of cold seep benthic foraminifera in the northern South China Sea.

综述了全球一些主要冷泉区的底栖有孔虫研究方法及其进展，对比了各冷泉区底栖有孔虫群落结构的主要特征及地域差异，评述了冷泉区底栖有孔虫的碳同位素记录特征、影响因素及其对冷泉活动的潜在指示意义，最后提出了南海北部冷泉活动区底栖有孔虫方面的研究展望。

"Ant: any of various social insects of the family Formicidae, characteristically having wings only in the males and fertile females and living in colonies that have a complex social organization."

蚂蚁：一种群体生活的蚁科昆虫，特征为只有雄蚁和生殖力强的雌蚁有蚁翅，生活在具有复杂群体组织的群落中。

Keywords: Community;Carbon fow;Carbon flux;Pack ice;Arctic

中文关键词：生物群落，碳流，碳通量，浮冰，北极

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。