群落

In the present paper,the floristic characteristics,community structure,population structure,spatial distribution and regeneration pattern of Cryptomeria fortunei were analyzed and discussed at 1 100 m on Mt.

运用系统的群落学调查方法对天目山分布于海拔1100m处的柳杉Cryptomeriafortunei群落进行调查，分析其种类组成和群落结构特征，并对柳杉的种群结构和分布格局进行了探讨。

The influence of oligosaccharides biocide on bacterial colony in the stem of Chinese Cotton 12 was determined by routine separation mathod.The results of two groups experiments indicated that the number of bacterial colonies in the cotton stem,wtich were treated with the oligosaccharides,was lowerthan the control group;and it dropped significantly(8.0×107CFU/g)after treating 10 days,while the control group was 4.2×109CFU/g.This results illustrated that the oligosaccharides biocide could control the cotton damping-off,and as a equaled 0.05,the oriental difference was significant.

通过常规分离方法，测定寡聚糖生物农药对中棉12品种的棉茎体内细菌群落数量的影响。2批实验结果表明喷寡聚糖后棉茎体内细菌群落数量均低于对照，喷寡聚糖10 d后棉茎体内细菌群落数量显著下降(8.0×107CFU/g)，对照4.2×109CFU/g；寡聚糖生物农药对棉花苗期病害的防治效果实验结果表明：寡聚糖生物农药对棉花苗期立枯病有一定的防治效果，且在α=0.05水平差异显著。

The community succession and replacement of late Devonian and their correlation in central Hunan are discussed in more details.

本文分析了Li群落和C-H群落的生物组成，分异度，相对丰富度，生活方式及空间分布等特征；讨论了湘中晚泥盆世群落的演替和取代规律及其空间对比，进一步强调了生物与环境的密切关系及其在地层学上的意义。

"Disclimax:a climax community that has been disturbed by various influences, especially by human beings and domestic animals, such as a grassland community that has been altered to desert by overgrazing."

"人为顶极群落：受到多种力量侵扰的变极群落，尤其是人和家畜，如草原群落由于过度放牧而变成沙漠。"

Based on the data collected from 8 plots and using Shannon and Simpson index, this paper calculated and analyzed diversity of Eupatorium catarium community in Hainan. And, niche breadth and niche overlap of E. catarium community were analyzed by using Levins and Pianka formulae. The results were as follows:(1)The diversity of E.

基于对海南儋州地区假臭草群落的调查，应用辛普森和香农指数测定了该地区不同生境类型的假臭草群落的生物多样性；并以各种杂草的重要值作为生态位计算的资源状态指标，应用Levins公式和Pianka公式计算分析了该地区假臭草群落各物种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠。

Visitation frequencies to some plant species were significantly different when they occurred in different communities. For example, no insects were observed to visit Rumex acetosa flowers, with an indistinctive perianth, in some communities, but high visitation frequencies were observed in others.

同一种植物在不同的群落背景中受访频率差异显著，如花被不甚显著的酸模在某些群落中未观察到访花者，在另一些群落中却有昆虫频繁访问。

The results show that the construction of the railway has an obvious effect on the warm steppe,but the characteristics of community,such as the coverage,ecological dominance and species richness of communities have been improved after its natural restoration,and some species,such as Elymus nutans,Aconitum gymnandrum and Thermopsis lanceolata,play an important role in the restoration communities.An assistant measure taken by human beings will benefit to the restoration.There is no any evidence of exotic invading plants in the restoration of the warm steppe in the study area.

结果显示，青藏铁路修筑过程对铁路两侧一定区域的温性草原有较大影响，但随着受影响区域植被的自然恢复，群落盖度、生态优势度和物种多样性等反应群落特征的指标都有一定程度的改善，一些在原生植被中很少出现或伴生种在恢复后的群落中有可能成为群落的优势种或建群种，如露蕊乌头和鹅绒委陵菜等；人为辅助措施将有利于受损植被的恢复；修筑铁路过程中受到影响的温性草原其恢复过程中尚未出现外来入侵植物。

When we used those two multivariate statistic analytical techniques to study the spatio-temporal variation laws of benthic community structure at Shenzhen Bay, the results indicated that: 1 There was not obverse difference in intertidal benthic community structure between Futian, Shenzhen and MaPi, HongKong in Shenzhen Bay in Spring, 2000. However, there was continual gradient change in community structure from outer bay to inner bay. 2 There was obvious deference with the respect of benthic community structure between station C and stations Al, A2, A3 in transect A and station B in transect CBA in Shenzhen Bay. There being no benthos at station C in Summary, 2000, it indicated that station C had been polluted very heavily. 3 Deferent seasons and deferent tide sites are the most two important factors which play influence on benthic community structure at stations Al, A2, A3 and B3 in Shenzhen Bay.

用这两种多变量方法研究深圳湾底栖动物群落结构时空差异，结果表明(1)2000年春季深圳湾底栖动物群落结构组成在深圳福田一侧与香港米埔一侧并没有明显的差异，而是沿湾外向湾内呈现连续的梯度变化；(2)在深圳福田一侧的C断面的底栖动物群落结构与A、B断面有明显的差别，2000年夏季在C断面没有采到任何底栖动物，表明C断面已经遭受了严重的污染；(3)季节和潮区是影响深圳湾A1、A2、A3、B3站位底栖动物群落结构组成时空差异的两个最重要的因素。

Results on the effects of grazing by sheep on species and functional group diversities had not led to consensus in different communities: species richness, species diversity, diversities of life forms and water ecological type groups decreased with grazing intensity increased except in the Leymus chinensis + forbs community.

放牧对4种群落物种和功能群多样性的影响随不同的群落而表现不同：物种丰富度、物种多样性、生活型多样性和水分生态类型多样性除羊草杂类草群落外随放牧强度的加大而降低，但适度放牧增加了羊草杂类草群落的上述多样性指标。

The total trend of succession was from tall erect -growth kobresia community to short prostrate-growtii forbs community, the vertical perennial forbs community was transition.5 Grazing interference gave certain effect on soil of alpine meadow.

群落演替的总趋势为由高大直立生长的嵩草群落向低矮耐牧的匍匐型植物、莲座状植物组成的杂类草群落演替，其间以直立多年生杂类草群落为过渡。 5 放牧干扰对高寒草甸草地土壤产生了一定的影响。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。