群落

The enzyme activity in the chrysanthemum alp and couch grass is higher than the one in spruce forest.

总体上看，绣线菊茅草灌丛群落、茅草群落的过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶的酶活性均高于云杉针叶林群落；而云杉针叶林群落的过氧化氢酶活性很高，脲酶和蔗糖酶活性较低。

The results were summarized as followings: the density of planktonic crustacea in middle reach was higher than that in the lower reach whereas the species abundance and community diversity index in the lower reach were higher than that in the middle reach; the planktonic crustacea communities presented high density but lower diversity in the upper part of the middle reach, lower density but high diversity in the lower part of the middle reach and estuary, and lower density and diversity in the lower reach except the estuary.

结果表明，汉江中下游江段浮游甲壳动物的密度分布呈现出中游高于下游的特征，而物种丰度和群落多样性指数则是下游高于中游；中游上段的属于密度高但多样性低的群落、中游下段和汉江口属于密度较低但多样性高的群落，下游除汉江口外属于密度和多样性均较低的群落。

Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the survival and development of the Harmonia axyridis feeding on Chaito phorus popleti on high insect-resisitance hybrid poplar 741(Pb29) and medium insect-resisitance hybrid poplar 741(Pbl7).The API 741 poplar was used as control.The mortality and development during immature period,adult,baby mass.eclosion and sex ratio of H. axyridis were measured.The results showed that:to contrast The API 741, Chaito phorus popleti on Pbl7 and Pb29 has no significantly impacts on eclosion,pupation, ecdysis,mortality of immature period and pupa stage;Although every development stage of ladybeetles were not affected to ,the pupal duration of ladybeetles was lowered than the control;The body mass,eclosion and sex ratio have no significant difference.

通过利用节肢动物群落及各个亚群落的物种丰富度、个体数、均匀度和优势集中性对多样性指数进行通径分析，表明了高抗Pb29和CK节肢动物群落及各个亚群落多样性指数与均匀度和优势集中性的相关系数最高，与其物种个体数关系最为不密切：对各组分进行通径分析均表明的多样性提高是建立在降低优势集中性和增加均匀度指数的基础上的，而且以优势集中性的直接作用效果较为显著。

During restoration experiment, several functional and structural parameters (number of species, diversity index, percentage of phytomastigophora, community pollution value, heterotrophy index, similarity index between communities) were determined weekly.

在修复实验过程中，定期测定微型生物群落的各种结构和功能参数（种类数，多样性指数，植鞭毛虫百分比，群落污染值，异养性指数，群落结构的相似性指数），通过它们的变动机制和规律，再现了修复过程中微型生物群落的演替过程。

Through the preliminary study on the management of the population of Athyrium multidentatum, we found that the community of artificial Larix gmelinii forest has a high value of usage. Planting the population of Athyrium multidentatum may make us to improve the level of intensive management, and through the test this method is available. The population of the spacing in the row of forty cm in the community of Betulla platyphylla forest and the population of the spacing in the row of eighty cm in the community of artificial Larix gmelinii forest have the largest hight, leafstalk diameter and less herb coverage. The foodstuff technology of ferns is backward and the products are less, so we must improve the study on the usage of forest ferns.

通过对猴腿蹄盖蕨种群经营措施的初步研究，我们得出落叶松人工林群落是一个极具开发价值的群落；人工移栽猴蹄盖蕨种群，可提高集约化管理程度，经过试验，方法可行；白桦林群落株距40cm的猴腿蹄盖蕨种群高度、叶柄直径均最大，且杂草盖度较小；落叶松人工林群落株距80cm的猴腿蹄盖蕨种群高度、叶柄直径均最大；蕨菜食品加工技术落后、工艺简单、产品单一，今后应加强研究。

Since the species quantity at the shrub, herb and liane in D is more than that in C, The Shannon-Wiener index and the species' evenness showed that human-caused disturbance affected much more to the species at upper communities and the tall trees were not recovered entirely in D.

群落各层次的Shannon-Wiener指数及其均匀度计算表明，人为干扰对群落上层物种多样性影响较大，D群落高大乔木待恢复。D群落经过多年封山育林，由于种类入侵和竞争，正在形成物种更为丰富的当地典型地带性植被类型。

TWINSPAN classification results showed that the subalpine vegetation could be divided into bush and meadowland large groupings, including 8 community types, which are distributed at different altitudes, from 2 500 m to

应用数量分类和DCA排序方法，对关帝山灌丛草甸群落进行了多元分析，TWINSPAN分类结果表明，该地区亚高山植被可分为灌丛群落、草甸群落2大类，包括8个群落类型，分别位于不同的海拔高度。

Results show that plant communities on the flat sandy land with impermeable stratum below root layer, in terms of average soil water content in different plots, ranke in the ascendant order of Leymus secalinus community (4.91%), Oxytropis aciphylla community (7.42%), Caragana korshinskii Community (10.36%), Artemisia ordosica Community (12.55%), and bare sandy land (16.27%). In the same plant community, soil water content is different in different seasons.

结果表明，在根层以下为不透水层的平沙地，各样地平均土壤含水量由小到大依次为：赖草群落(4.91%)＜猫头刺群落(7.42%)＜柠条群落(10.36%)＜黑沙蒿群落(12.55%)＜裸地(16.27%)；同一植物群落的土壤含水量在各个季节也不相同。

The results show that: comparing the contrast community(formed by enclosure management for restoring vegetation naturaly on sand-dune for 7 years),some positive aspects of the artificial communities were showed as follows: 1 The level of the species diversity was more higher;2the vertical structure was so complicated that the surface of sand-dune was covered by multiple layers of plants;3 t...

结果表明：1利用植物再生沙障治理流动沙丘可以形成具有多物种、多层片、多层次垂直结构的沙障群落，其水平结构呈网格状沙障结构与障间小群落在空间上镶嵌互补，均衡分布的格局，具有很好的防风固沙和植被恢复效果；2再生沙障建植后第5年开始，沙障群落进入了衰退时期，适时采取科学的经营管理措施对于维持沙障群落的稳定，保障其效益的长期发挥是非常重要的。

The P.pratensis community is in the phase of herbs and forbs of degraded alpine meadow.At the same time the P.pratensis population is in the dominant spices position,subordinate spices position and company spices position.So,we can replant P.pratensis and other grass seed to change the structure and composition of plant community,improve community environment,cause it to develop to subclimax community succession,reach the stabler state.We can apply fertilizer,improve soil nutrition condition,enable degraded grassland with the link of soil and vegetation system together to reach the stabler subclimax and climax state.

草地早熟禾群落处于高寒草甸退化的禾草杂类草阶段，草地早熟禾种群在群落中处于优势种地位、次优势种地位和伴生种地位，因此，可通过补播草地早熟禾和其他禾草草种，改变植物群落结构和组成，改善群落环境，使其向亚顶级群落演替，达到较稳定的状态；也可通过撒施肥料，改善土壤养分状况，使土壤与植被系统共同作用将退化草地演替为较稳定的亚顶级或顶级状态。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。