群

The order of an element is a significant concept in group. There are certain internal connections between the order of an element and the order of a group, the order of an element and the type of group, certain order of an element in groups too.

而元的阶又是群的一个重要概念，元的阶和群的阶有着内在的联系；元的阶和群的类型有着内在的联系；群中某些元的阶也有着内在的联系。

The QQ that individual stationmaster can build him group undertake technically popularizing, file order of a few QQ, every group in the name of a QQ that adds oneself is installed for the administrator, had better having number of a QQ is you all group of administrators in, it is to go to the lavatory so more need group of announcement and release information.

个人站长可以建立自己的QQ群专门进行推广，申请几个QQ号，每个群中都加入自己的一个QQ号并设置为管理员，最好有一个QQ号是你所有群里的管理员，这样是为了方便更必群公告和发布信息。

Then G∈U.③ If every subgroup of prime order or of order 4 of a group G has a U-s-supplement or be S-quasinormal in G. then G is supersoluble.

若群G的每个素数阶子群和4阶循环子群在G中或有U-s-补充，或为S-拟正规，则G为超可解群。

In order to relieve urban traffic congestion and the supply-demand contradiction of oversaturated intersection group,based on the idea and method of system engineering,model oversaturated intersection group system which is composed of oversaturated intersection subsystem,through system function analyzing,identify the optimization object of system function,establish the optimization model of oversaturated intersection group,present solving strategy of the optimization model,achieve global optimization of oversaturated intersection group system.

为缓解城市交通拥堵以及过饱和交叉口群的交通供需矛盾，基于系统工程的思路和方法，构建了由过饱和交叉口子系统构成的过饱和交叉口群系统模型，并通过系统功能的分析，明确了系统功能的优化目标，建立了过饱和交叉口群系统优化数学模型，并提出了优化模型的求解策略，以实现过饱和交叉口群系统的全局最优化。

Third, the paper starts from three types of cluster network structures, and discusses how to optimize the integration path of cluster technological capabilities. And it gives suggestions on policies for cluster enterprises, enable organizations and government sectors to promote the integration of technological capabilities.

再次，文章从三种类型集群网络结构出发，探讨如何优化集群技术能力整合的路径，并就集群企业、使能组织和政府部门如何推动产业集群技术能力整合提出了相应的政策建议。

The evolutionary relationships were investgated by comparing the results from molecular data alone or molecular data combined morphological characters using different analysis methods: maximum parsimony by PAUP(superscript *) 4.0 and Bayesian inference by MrBayes 3.0B4. Base composition and ti/tv of 28S rDNA D2 regions were analyzed by PAUP(superscript *) 4.0. The results showed that GC content of the 28S rDNA D2 gene sequences of subfamily Euphorinae ranges from 40.00% to 49.25%. Transversion frequency of sequence variable sites among species of Euphorinae was higher than that of transition. The subfamily Euphorinae was proved to be a paraphyletic group with close relationship to subfamilies Neoneurinae and Cenocoelinae; only two tribes, Meterorini and Microctonini, were proved to be monophyletic groups; Centistini, Cosmophorini, Euphorini and Dinocampini were paraphyletic groups; the basal position of tribe Meterorini within Euphorinae was partially supported by our phylogenetic trees, and tribe Microctonini was proved to be a group at the top of the trees.

结果表明：优茧蜂亚科的28S rDNA D2基因序列片段的GC%含量在40.00%~49.25%之间变动，而对于碱基替代情况来讲，优茧蜂亚科各个成员间序列变异位点上颠换大于转换；不同的分析和算法所产生的系统发育树都表明目前根据形态定义出的优茧蜂亚科Euphorinae不是一个单系群，而是一个与蚁茧蜂亚科Neoneurinae和高腹茧蜂亚科Cenocoelinae混杂在一起的并系群；在优茧蜂亚科内部，悬茧蜂族Meterorini和食甲茧蜂族Microctonini（排除猎户茧蜂属Orionis）为单系群，而宽鞘茧蜂族Centistini、大颚茧蜂族Cosmophorini、优茧蜂族Euphorini、瓢虫茧蜂族Dinocampini为并系群；悬茧蜂族Meterorini在优茧蜂亚科Euphorinae内位于基部位置的观点得到部分的支持，同时食甲茧蜂族Microctonini被判定为相对进化的类群。

Some researchers believe that the latter area possesses savanna vegetation. Savannas are closely associated with seasonal drought, and they may be defined by climatic climax vegetation in tropical and subtropical areas. Based on the ecoclimatic analyses as well as the surviving vegetation in Taiwan, we inferred that the potential natural vegetations of these 2 semi-arid regions were not savanna but forest with some drought-deciduous trees. In conclusion, the physiognomic type of grassland dotted with trees may occur in small areas at present, but Taiwan lacks climate-shaped savanna climax vegetation.

本研究将疏林定义为分布於热带及亚热带之气候形塑的极相植群，气候分析结果表明台湾半乾旱区域之缺水逆境并不严重，再配合现生残存植群之观察，发现台湾有形相为疏林的现生局部性植群，但其潜在自然植群应为参杂有乾旱落叶之阔叶树种的森林，并不存在较大面积之潜在的气候型极相疏林。

However, a quasigroup which is isotopic to a group need not be a group.

但是，如果一个拟群与某个群同痕，由于缺乏单位元，拟群本身不一定是群。

And whether is it necessary to redefine the geotectonic pattern in southern China? In 1993, the authors discovered firstly the late Paleozoic radiolarian silicalite in the "Shuangqiaoshan Group", which, as we know, is a block within the ophiolitic mélange. In 1996, the authors discovered again the late Paleozoic fossils in the other rocks of "Shuangqiaoshan Group" and "Zhitang Formation" of Lower Sinian Series in the ophiolitic mélange. At the same time, the authors discovered firstly the early Paleozoic chitinozoa fossils.

因此，再次将"板溪群"是否是前震旦纪的一个变质地层单位、江南古陆是否存在以及华南大地构造格局是否需要重新厘定等问题提了出来。1993年笔者于赣东北蛇绿混杂岩带内的"双桥山群"岩块中，首次发现了含晚古生代的放射虫硅质岩。1996年又在该混杂岩带多处的"双桥山群"岩块和"下震旦统志棠组"中找到了含晚古生代的放射虫硅质岩，还首次在"登山群拔竹坑组"中发现了早古生代的几丁虫化石。

According to disadvantage of AS that the speed low of convergentiss and easily entering the stagnation,improving the AS in some aspect by the way that importing pheromone windows that the value of pheromone cannot exceed the window,only deposit the pheromone on the edge that belongs to the iteration shortest solution path,releasing additional pheromone to the edge belongs to the so-far shortest solution path,judging the situation of convergent and to reinitialize pheromone,optimizing the solutions by local search procedure at the end of every iteration,modifying the transition probability by add some problem specific parameters and so on.

本文主要运用蚁群优化算法(Ant Colony Optimization，ACO)来求解VRP。针对蚁群算法收敛性比较差，易于停滞的缺陷，通过使用信息素窗口限制、信息素的最大最小值，只更新信息素迭代中最好解，增加了精英的蚂蚁，信息素重新初始化之前先判断出汇聚情况，在每次迭代过程中加入局部的搜索进行优化，在对蚁群算法进行了优化时考虑选择概率当中加入与问题的相关参数等措施，从而使蚁群算法的收敛性得到大大提高，避免了算法的停滞现象。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。