羟基吲哚

The ECL intensity and mechanism depends on the type of substituent in indole ring.

吲哚环上含羟基的化合物与含甲氧基的化合物的反应历程不同，引起发光效率差异。

In this thesis,the AM1,MNDO,MINDO/3(mainly AM1)and INDO/S-CI semiempirical MO methods were used toinvestigate the excited-state intramolecular protontransfer reactions of salicylic acid derivatives—salicylic acid,methyl salicylate,salicylaldehyde,o-hydroxyaceto-phenone,salicylamide and 3-hydroxy-picolinamide (6 conformers and 2-3 anion species);2-(2'-hydroxy-5' methylphenyl) benzotriazole(4 conformers),2-(2' hydroxyphenyl) benzimidazole (3 conformers and 3anion species),Bis-2,5-(2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone(3 conformers),2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole(2conformers) and 7-azaindole dimer (2 conformers).Theinvestigations were described as follows.Geometry optimization,relative stability andhydrogen bonding energy First,for sylicylic acid derivative molecules,the AM1,MNDO and MINDO/3 methods were used toinvestigate ground-state geometry optimization,energies,relative stabilities and hydrogen-bondingenergies on the five kinds of the molecules(designing 6 conformers and 2-3 anion species).Comparing with experimental data,the optimizedgeometry,the order of stability,the hydrogen-bonding energies and the distances between O-O in O-H..O hydrogen bonds by AM1 method were in agreementwith the experimental data,however,the C-C bondlengths optimized by MNDO and MINDO/3 were longer,C-O and O-H bond lengths were shorter;for C-N bondlengths,the results opitimized by MNDO method werethe same as those by AM1 method,nevertheless the C-Nbond lengths given by MINDO/3 method were muchshorter.For some sylicylic acid derivatives(e.g.methyl salicylate,salicylamide),the order ofstabilities on the conformers given by MNDO andMINDO/3 methods were not in agreement with theexisting conformers deduced by experimental methods,and the hydrogen bonding energies calculated by MNDO.and MINDO/3 methods were smaller.Second,the studyon the other systems found that the optimizedgeometry of the proton-transfered product with INDOmethod could not be obtained,only could theoptimized geometry of reactant be obtained,and thecalculated hydrogen bonding energies were greater.Many results of calculation indicated that the studyon the excited-state intramolecular proton transferreaction system using AM1 method was suitable andreliable.

本论文用AM1、MNDO、MINDO/3（主要是AM1）和INDO/S-CI半经验分子轨道方法对水杨酸衍生物系列——水杨酸、水杨酸甲酯、水杨醛、O-羟基乙酰苯酮、水杨酰胺和3-羟基吡啶酰胺（6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）；2-（2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基）苯并三〓唑（4种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）苯并咪唑（3种异构体和3种阴离子）；2，5-二间氮杂氧茚氢醌（3种异构体）；2-（2'-羟基苯基）间〓杂硫茚（2种异构体）和7-〓吲哚二体（2种异构体）的激发态分子内质子转移反应在以下几个方面进行了较系统的理论研究：几何构型优化和相对稳定性及氢键能首先以水杨酸衍生物系列分子为例，用AM1、MNDO和MINDO/3方法考察了5种分子（每种分子设计6种异构体和2-3种阴离子）的基态几何构型优化，能量、相对稳定性和氢键能计算，通过和实验数据进行比较，AM1方法给出的优化几何构型、稳定性次序、氢键能和O—H。。。O氢键的0—0距离与实验数据吻合最好，MNDO和MINDO/3方法优化的C-C键长偏长，C-O键和O-H键长偏短；对于C-N键长，MNDO和AM1优化结果差别不大，而MINDO/3给出了过短的C-N键长，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的有些水杨酸衍生物分子（如水杨酸甲酯和水杨酰胺）异构体的稳定性次序和实验上推测的可存在异构体结果不一致，MNDO和MINDO/3方法给出的氢键能偏低，对其他体系的研究发现INDO方法常常不能得到质子转移产物的优化几何构型，只能得到反应物的优化构型，并且估算的氢键能偏高，大量的计算结果表明AM1方法对本论文研究的激发态分子内质子转移反应体系是适宜和可靠的。

RESULTS: Sixteen compounds, ursolic acid (1), indole-3-carboxaldehyde (2), indole-3-carboxylic acid (3), p-coumaric acid (4), azelaic acid (5), N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (6), blumenol A (7), 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (8), rubiadin l-methyl ether (9), rubiadin (10), quercetin (11), luteolin (12), chrysoeriol 6-C-β-boivinopyranosyl-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (13), alternanthin (14), stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3β-ol (15), and α-spinasterol (16) were obtained from the EtOAc extract of Alternanthera philoxeroides.

结果：得到并鉴定了16个化合物，分别为乌苏酸(1)、吲哚-3-甲醛(2)、吲哚-3-甲酸(3)、对-香豆酸(4)、壬二酸(5)、N-反式阿魏酰基酪胺(6)、布卢姆醇A(7)、2-羟基-3-甲基蒽醌(8)、甲基异茜草素-1-甲醚(9)、甲基异茜草素(10)、槲皮素(11)、木犀草素(12)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖基-7-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(13)、莲子草素(14)、豆甾醇(15)和α-菠甾醇(16)。

Hours later,these mice were decapitated,and the striatums were isolated from thebrains. The levels of dopamine, serotonin ( 5-HT ), homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 5-HIAA ) andnorepinephrinein the striatum were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

给3组小鼠分别喂食Dieldrin 50 mg·kg-1体重、Dieldrin 40 mg·kg-1体重和等量的生理盐水，3 h后处死小鼠，取纹状体匀浆用高效液相色谱-电化学检测法测定纹状体中多巴胺、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、高香草酸、5-羟基吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)和去甲肾上腺素的含量。

Serotonin (5-HT), its precursors tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), major metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA); and 3-methoxy-4- hydroxyphenylethylene glycol , homovanillic acid , the respective major metabolites of noradrenaline and dopamine were measured by a method of HPLC.

应用高效液相色谱法测定其中5—羟色胺（5-HT）系列代谢物：色氨酸、5-羟色胺酸（5-HTP）、5-HT、5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）；多巴胺的主要代谢产物3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙酸；去甲肾上腺素的主要代谢产物3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇等。

Kinetic parameters, three dimensional structures and homogenous sequence alignment of evolved P450 BM3 E435T,D168H,D168NA225VK440N that can hydroxylate indole into indigo were compared to illustrate the molecular structural changes and mechanisms that improve catalytic properties.

通过动力学参数测定、同源序列比较以及三维结构的模建，对三个能够羟基化吲哚生成靛蓝的高活力P450BM3进化酶E435T，D168H，D168NA225VK440N所导致的酶分子结构变化和可能的活力提高机制进行了初步分析。

Mutant libraries created by saturation mutagenesis of each single amino acid site D168, A225, K434 and E435 were screened to further improve the capability of cytochrome P450 BM-3(A74G/F87V/L188Q) mutant from Bacillus Megaterium which can hydroxylate indole into indigo. Results showed that D168, K434 and E435 are located at the functional domain of P450 BM-3 protein while A225 is sited at the unfunctional domain.

为了进一步获得具有更高活力的细胞色素P450 BM-3(F87V/A74G/L188Q)突变酶，利用饱和突变技术对该突变酶的4个氨基酸位点D168、A225、K434、E435分别进行单一的随机突变，通过对其羟基化吲哚生成靛蓝的催化性能表征，发现P450 BM-3氨基酸残基的168、434和435位均位于蛋白功能区域，而225位则位于非功能区域。

As we know, spiro-conjugated compound 1',3',3'-trimethyl-6-hydroxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2'-indoline] is one of thesignificant photochromic species, the structure and spectrum ofthe compounds 1',3',3'-trimethyl-6- hydroxyspiro[2H-1-benzopyran-2,2'-indoline] and its isomers have studied.

三。研究了一类重要的光致变色物质之一螺旋共轭化合物1′，3′，3′-三甲基-6-羟基螺旋[2H-1-苯并吡喃-2，2'-二氢吲哚]及其光异构化产物的结构、光谱，并在此基础上，用完全态求和公式自编程序计算了非线性光学系数。

Based on analysis of degradation and transformation of organic compounds in coke plant wastewater through every stage of the A 1 A 2 O biofilm system,several typical nitrogen heterocyclic compounds (pyridine,indole,quinoline,isoquinoline,2\|methyl quinoline and 8\|hydroxyl quinoline) in coke plant wastewater were selected for the study.

在对焦化废水中有机物在A1 A2 O生物膜系统中降解转化规律进行分析的基础上，选取焦化废水中 6种主要的含氮杂环化合物：吡啶、吲哚、喹啉、异喹啉、2 甲基喹啉、8 羟基喹啉，与苯酚共同配制成溶液，在A1 A2 O生物膜系统中运行，结果表明上述几种含氮杂环有机物在A1 A2 O系统中都可得到较完全的去除。

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and neural like cells with osteoblast inductor (β-sodium glycerophosphate, dexamethasone, vitamin C), lipoblast inductor (dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, bovine insulin, indometacin) and serum-free medium inductor (dimethyl sulphoxide, butylated hydroxyanisole) respectively. Osteoblast marker (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin mRNA, calcium node), adipocyte marker (lipid droplet, PPAR γ-2mRNA) and neural cell-like marker (nissl body, neuron specific enolase, neurofilament protein) were respectively determined by the immunohistochemical method, polymerase chain reaction and immunocytochemical method.

分别采用成骨细胞诱导剂（β-甘油磷酸钠，地塞米松，维生素C）、成脂肪细胞诱导液（地塞米松，甲基异丁酸黄嘌呤，牛胰岛素，吲哚美辛）及二甲基亚砜和羟基丁酸苯甲醚无血清培养基诱导剂干预细胞向成骨、脂肪、神经细胞分化，经免疫组织化学染色、PCR、免疫细胞染色方法检测成骨标志物（碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素mRNA、钙结节）、脂肪标志物（脂滴、PPARγ-2mRNA）、以及类神经标志物（尼克氏体、神经烯醇化酶、神经丝蛋白）。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。