羟基化反应

Ethyl 4-[(1-hydroxy-1-methyl)ethyl]-2-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate,the key intermediate of Olmesartan ,was synthesized from butanoic acid and o-phenylenediamine via condensation under microwave-irradiation,oxidation,esterification and the Gringard reaction.

用正丁酸与邻苯二胺为原料，在微波照射下缩合成2-丙基苯并咪唑，再氧化开环制得2-丙基咪唑二羧酸，再经酯化、Gringard反应制得抗高血压药物奥美沙坦的关键中间体2-丙基-4-[(1-羟基-1-甲基)乙基]-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯，总收率32.2%。

In this paper, three kinds of hydroxyl component are prepared for two-component waterborne polyurethane paint, that is, acrylic dispersion, acrylic emulsion and silicone-modified acrylic emulsion. The influence of the composites of these dispersion and emulsions on polymerization process, viscosity, particle size and coagulum are investigated, infrared spectroscopy , inductance coupling plasma , transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis are used to characterized their structure, composite, morphology and thermal stability, respectively.

本论文制备了三种用于水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的含羟基组分，即丙烯酸分散体、丙烯酸乳液和有机硅改性丙烯酸乳液，研究了这些分散体和乳液在制备过程中聚合物的羟值、酸值、玻璃化温度、乳化剂、反应温度等对聚合转化率、凝聚物含量、聚合物粘度和粒径的影响，用红外光谱、热重分析、透射电镜和感应偶合等离子技术表征了其结构、组成、形态和热稳定性。

Chapter two: Using 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin as thestarting compound, the classical diazotization of aniline and the resulting reaction ofdiazo salts were applied to porphyrin for the first time, and a series of asymmetriclysubstituted meso-tetraarylporphyrins including 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-iodinphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-cyanophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, 5-(4-bisphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin and 5-(4-hydroxylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin were synthesized.

第二章：在已合成的5-(4-氨基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉基础上，首次将芳胺的重氮化及重氮盐反应应用于卟啉，合成了5-(4-氯苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-碘基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-氰基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉、5-(4-联苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉和5-(4-羟基苯基)-10，15，20-三苯基卟啉等一系列不对称取代的meso-四芳基卟啉。

Besides, The reaction of aldehydes with dithioacetate enethiolates followed by alkylation effectively gives α-hydroxyl ketene dithioacetals.

此外，用醛与硫代羧酸硫酯反应再通过烷基化也可以有效地获得α-羟基二硫缩烯酮类化合物。

By this reaction, an aldose is converted into another aldose and the corresponding ketose, and a ketose is converted into the corresponding two aldoses.

单糖的异构化涉及羰基和相邻近的羟基，通过这个反应，一种醛糖转化为另一种醛糖，和相对应的酮糖，一种酮糖转化为相对应的两种醛糖。

Phosphate porous starch and PVA were cross linked by methenamine and boric acid Crystal area was serious destroyed by esterification and cross linked. 6 Biodegradation experiment was carried out with soil-burying method.

5红外光谱和X-射线衍射的结构分析表明：在改性淀粉的羟基上引入了磷酰基团，并未破坏原淀粉的基本化学结构；交联剂在改性淀粉和PVA之间形成了C-O-C化学交联键；酯化和交联反应均有较强的淀粉晶区破坏作用。

During the manufacturing of the critical intermediate cephalosporin nucleus --7-amino-3-chloro-cephalosporanic acid diphenylmethyl ester hydrochloride salt, first the feasibility of the one-pot synthetic route of open loop, closed loop and ozonization when chlorine is passed over is qualified by experiments. Then the critical factors that will influence this reaction are studied as follows: the mol ratio of triphenyl phosphite and Diphenylmethyl 3-hydroxy-7-phenylacetaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylate-l-oxide is four to one; the quantity of the stablizer should be at least more than two to one. The temperature of the system must be 25℃ when chlorine is passed over so that the hydrochloride can be precipitated to obtain cephalosporin nucleus of cefaclor--7-amino-3-chloro-cephalosporanic acid diphenylmethyl ester hydrochloride salt.

在制备关键中间体头孢母核7-氨基-3-氯头孢烷酸二苯甲酯盐酸盐时，先通过实验验证把开环、闭环、臭氧化三步在通入氯气时并为一锅煮的合成路线的可行性之外，又研究了影响该反应的几个重要因素：亚磷酸三苯酯与3-羟基-7-头孢烷-5-亚砜-2-甲酸二苯甲酯的摩尔比为4：1；稳定剂2-甲基-2-丁烯的用量至少大于2：1，通入氯化氢气体时体系温度在25℃时盐酸盐则能够顺利析出，获得头孢克洛的头孢母核—7-氨基-3-氯头孢烷酸二苯甲酯盐酸盐。

Benzyl bromide was synthesized from potassium bromide ,a by-product from synthesis of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone(UV-531),and benzoic alcohol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

溴化钾作为工业生产2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮的副产品，在浓硫酸存在的条件下，与苯甲醇进行反应合成苄基溴。

In this paper, the synthesis ways and applications of 4,5-dimethyl-l,3-dioxolen -2-one were introduced. An appropriate way synthesizing DMDO from acetoin via acylation, cyclization and dehydrochlorination was selected. The influences of various process conditions on the reaction were studied in detail, and the optimum process conditions were obtained by single factor experiments.

本文介绍了医药中间体4，5-二甲基-1，3-二氧杂环戊烯-2-酮的应用情况和合成路线，选择了适于工业化生产的工艺路线，即采用羟基丁酮为原料，经酰化、环合和脱氯化氢等步骤合成DMDO，并采用单因素试验法详细研究了各项工艺条件对反应结果的影响规律，确定了优化工艺条件。

Starting from p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, isovanillin (3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde) was synthesized by three-step reactions of bromination,methylation and hydrolysis.

以对羟基苯甲醛为原料，经溴代、甲基化和水解3步反应合成了异香兰素，改进并优化了合成路线。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。