羟基

Due to its high affinity for diols, boronic acid group is frequently used for recognizing carbohydrate and marking cell since the carbohydrate contains polyhydroxy.

由于糖含有多个羟基，含硼酸基的有机物与二醇间有强烈结合作用，故硼酸基团常用于糖类识别和细胞标记。

Starting from p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, isovanillin (3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde) was synthesized by three-step reactions of bromination,methylation and hydrolysis.

以对羟基苯甲醛为原料，经溴代、甲基化和水解3步反应合成了异香兰素，改进并优化了合成路线。

The target compound 1 was successfully prepared via esterification, reduction, bromization and cyanation processes by using L--malic acid (2), which is an inexpensive and easily available starting material. The overall yield was 56.7%.

以廉价、易得的L--苹果酸为起始原料，经酯化、还原、溴代和氰化四步反应得到目标化合物-4-氰基-3-羟基丁酸乙酯，合成总收率为56.7%。

According to the result, we believed that the reason resulted in the low sensitivity was that the marker residue compound MQCA structure has changed after conjugated with protein and the antibody induced by the conjugation could not recognize the free MQCA in the ci-ELISA. Therefore we designed some hapten which could reserve the marker residue structural speciality mostly. After synthesis route selection and optimum, the hapten 7-Hydroxymethyl-3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid was synthesized, used 4-methyl-2-nitroaniline as the start material via six steps, such as oxidation cyclization, bromize reaction, hydrolysis, Beirut reaction, reduction, hydrolysis. This work established basis for producing the high affinity antibody and developing the sensitive ELISA residue detection method.

本论文认为导致ELISA检测灵敏度较低的原因，是残留标示物和蛋白偶联后的特征结构发生改变，诱导产生的抗体不能够对游离MQCA很好的识别，因此，本论文设计了能够最大化保留MQCA结构特征的系列半抗原结构，并对其合成路线进行了筛选和优化，最终以对甲基邻硝基苯胺为起始原料，经氧化环化、溴代、水解、Beirut缩合、还原、水解六步反应制备含羟甲基结构的MQCA衍生物7-羟基甲基-3-甲基-喹噁啉-2-羧酸，为制备对游离残留标示物高亲和力的抗体，高灵敏度的ELISA残留检测方法的建立奠定基础。

Bis-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxy-phenyl)-methane is a natural bromophenol with significant inhibition against PTP1B IC_(50=2.4μmol/L, which was isolated from the ethanol extract of red algae Rhodomela confervoides.

双-(2，3-二溴-4，5-二羟基苯基)-甲烷是从松节藻醇提物中分离鉴定出的溴酚类化合物，体外活性筛选发现，它具有极强的蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)抑制活性IC_(50=2.4μmol/L。

In comparison,the rhizobia in mature infected cells were larger,greater in number,varied in shape,and distributed throughout the nodule cells.The rhizobia in the mature cells also had poly-hydroxy butanoic acid and curapos.

成熟侵染细胞中，根瘤菌个体较大，数量较多，多呈棒状，少数为球形或椭球形，有很多根瘤菌还呈现明显的&T&形、&Y&形或&V&形，菌体占满了整个细胞，这时的根瘤菌大多数含有聚羟基丁酸和聚磷酸盐颗粒。

Therefore, butoxy in n_butanol can be adsorbed chemically on the surfaces of the tourmaline particles in the process of azeotropic distillation, which can effectively prevent the formation of liquid_bridge between the particles of tourmaline and avoid the hard aggregation in the drying process.

正丁醇中的丁氧基在共沸蒸馏过程中在电气石颗粒表面可取代羟基，产生化学吸附，能有效防止液桥的产生，阻止干燥过程中超细粉末的硬团聚。

Methods:The expression distribution and developmental changes of nNOS were examined using immunohistochemical in the SD rat brain following systemic administration of γ-butyrolactone,and the effect of valproic acid on the GHB-induced expression of the nNOS was investigated.

用nNOS抗体免疫组织化学法在γ-羟基酸诱导性大鼠失神发作模型上，对丘脑nNOS的表达分布、动态演变过程以及丙戊酸对nNOS表达的影响进行了观察和探讨。

Methods Thirteen new isoflavone derivatives with α-methy-lene-γ-butyrolactone ring at C-7 were designed and synthesized with 7-hydroxyisoflavone as starting material, and their inhibition on the adherence of human neutrophils was tested.

以7-羟基异黄酮衍生物为原料，合成了13个未见文献报道的新化合物，用人多形核白细胞黏附性实验检测目标化合物的活性。

From Cacalia deltophylla (collected from Luqu County, Gansu Province), 22 compounds were isolated, of which 15 compounds have been identified. Among them, two compounds are new. They are named as 3-methyl-4-hydro-8-acetyl-furanonaphth-9-one and 1hydroxy-2-methoxy-3-acetyl-4, 8-dimethyl-5, 8-dihydro-naphthalene.

从采自甘肃省碌曲县的三角叶蟹甲草全草的甲醇提取物的石油醚部分和乙酸乙酯部分中，采用同样方法分离得到22个化合物，鉴定了其中的15个化合物，其中有2个为新化合物，分别命名为3-甲基-4-氢-8-乙酰基-呋喃萘-9-酮（2）和1-羟基-2-甲氧基-3-乙酰基-4，8-二甲基-5，8-二氢-萘（3）。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。