美索不达米亚

Tribes of Arameans were, meanwhile, moving into Mesopotamia from the west, pushing the boundaries of Assyria back to the capital Ashur.

同时，亚拉姆的部落从西部移进美索不达米亚，把亚述的边界逼回首都阿舒尔。

The empire he developed was thenceforth centered on Persia and included Media, Ionia, Lydia, Mesopotamia, Syria, and Palestine. Cyrus conquered by diplomacy as well as by force. The subject of a rich legend in Persia and Greece (recorded by Xenophon and others), he was called the father of his people.

居鲁士靠外交手段和军事实力建立起一个规模空前的大帝国，以波斯为核心，涵盖了米底亚、爱奥尼亚、里底亚、美索不达米亚、叙利亚和巴勒斯坦。

The Parthian king Mithradates I the Great (171-138 BCE) was able to conquer Media and, having gained this strategically important satrapy, crossed the Zagros and proceeded to conquer all of Mesopotamia.

在帕提亚米德拉底特六世国王一世（公元前171-138 ）能够征服媒体，并在取得这一具有重要战略意义的satrapy ，越过扎格罗斯，并著手征服所有的美索不达米亚。

Babylonia, named for the city of Babylon, was an ancient state in Mesopotamia, combining the territories of Sumer and Akkad.

巴比伦尼亚，以巴比伦城来命名，是美索不达米亚的古代国家，综合了苏美尔和阿卡德地区。

Since the early caliphs annexed all Persia and advanced even further, Mesopotamia was reunited, but governed as two provinces: northern Mesopotamia and southern Iraq (with Baghdad, the later caliphal capital).

自从早期的哈里发并吞整个波斯，还更进一步推进，美索不达米亚再度统一起来，但作为两个省份来管治；北部美索不达米亚，南部伊拉克（有巴格达，后来的哈里发首都）。

Enki/Ea is the city god of Eridu, one of the most ancient Sumerian cities in the southern part of Mesopotamia.

恩奇/伊亚是伊利都城，美索不达米亚南部最古老的苏美尔城市之一的神。

Nibiru is a name in Babylonian astrology sometimes associated with the god Marduk. Nibiru appears as a minor character in the Babylonian creation poem Enuma Elish as recorded in the library of Assurbanipal, King of Assyria (668-627 BCE).

答：Nibiru 在古巴比伦占星术有时和马杜可神联系，首次出现在亚述国王（公元前668-627 ）的亚述巴尼帕图书馆里收录的Enuma Elish（美索不达米亚的《埃努玛—埃利什》史诗，也称作&创世的七块泥板&）中一条记录。

During the time of the Persian Empire of Sassanids, their much larger share of Mesopotamia was called Dil-i Iranshahr meaning "Iran's Heart" and the metropol Ctesiphon (facing ancient Seleukia across the Tigris), the capital of Persia, was situated in Mesopotamia.

在萨珊王朝的波斯帝国期间，它们享有美索不达米亚的更多地方，被称为德尔—里伊朗沙赫尔，是&伊朗的心脏&的意思，还有波斯的首都泰西封（面向古代的塞琉西亚，在底格里斯河对面），位于美索不达米亚。

While the most descriptive accounts of the Gardens come from Greek historians such as Berossus and Diodorus Siculus,Babylonian records stay silent on the matterTablets from the time of Nebuchadnezzar do not have a single reference to the Hanging Gardens,although descriptions of his palace, the city of Babylon, and the walls are foundEven the historians who give detailed descriptions of the Hanging Gardens never saw themModern historians argue that when Alexander's soldiers reached the fertile land of Mesopotamia and saw Babylon, they were impressedWhen they later returned to their rugged homeland, they had stories to tell about the amazing gardens and palm trees at MesopotamiaAbout the palace of Nebuchadnezzar About the Tower of Babel and the zigguratsAnd it was the imagination of poets and ancient historians that blended all these elements together to produce one of the World Wonders

虽然对花园最详尽的记述是出自Berossus 和 Diodorus Siculus等希腊历史学家笔下，但巴比伦的历史记录却对此事只字未提。尽管在尼布甲尼撒时期存留下的各种书写板上发现了对他的宫殿、巴比伦城以及巴比伦的城墙的种种描述，但这些书写板上却没有一处提到过空中花园。甚至那些对空中花园进行过详细描述的历史学家们也从没有亲眼目睹过它们。现代历史学家争论说：当亚力山大的士兵们到达了富饶的美索不达米亚地区并看到了巴比伦时，他们深为所震撼。当他们后来回到崎岖不平的家乡时，带回了有关美索不达米亚的令人惊叹的花园和椰子树……、有关尼布甲尼撒的宫殿……以及有关巴别塔和金字型神塔的各种故事。是诗人和古代历史学家的想象力把这所有的元素混合在一起制造出了世界奇观之一。

They are evidence that the Hyksos had foreign relations and extensive connections in the Near East that at this time reached southern Mesopotamia, concluded Bietak.

比耶塔克下结论说，&它们可以作为证据，说明希克索斯在当时与近东的外交关系和广泛联系已远达美索不达米亚南部&。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。