美术的

The concept of art in the process of construction, we should also have operational art program.

而在观念建构美术的过程中，还要有可操作的美术方案。

Beihong Xu was the foundation of Chinese modern art, he was also an outstanding artist and art educationist.

徐悲鸿是中国现代美术的奠基者，杰出的画家和美术教育家。

Chinese fine arts could not make achievements in a self-inclusive way any more because it had been endowed with the quality as an instrument featuring strongChinese fine arts with the instrumental and political connotations has been commencing to deal a profound impact upon the development o f Chinese contemporary fine arts.

在美术大众化思潮兴起的过程中，从五四前后"化大众"的启蒙性质的美育，到2、30年代美术的成为大众斗争武器的美术"大众化"运动，美术已经不能在内部自足发展，而是被社会精英分子赋予了明显"工具化"特征，带有四川大学硕士学位论文明显的政治化倾向。从此，带有"工具化"、"政治化"特征的大众化美术思潮，对后来中国现代美术的发展开始产生深远的影响。关键词：美术化大众大众化

And Youth as well as his picture – story book – Snow Goose in 1980s.

毕业于四川美术学院油画系的何多苓，作为"伤痕美术"的代表人物，上世纪80年代初即以油画《春风已苏醒》、《青春》；连环画《雪雁》等作品轰动一时。

This article illustrates detailed investigation and the statistics about art vocational education and development in vocational schools such as ShaanXi Art School,Movie and TV School, Economy and Trade school. The article also analysis and studies in different angles about fine arts vocational education reform: present situation of fine arts vocational education;The possibility and must for fine arts vocationalism education;The problems, reflection and countermeasure in the professionalism or vocationalism education reform; By analyzing present situation of fine arts education with statistics and comparison, the author elaborated the urgency for the reform, meanwhile ponder and summarize some reform attempts; By analyzing the possibility and necessity of vocationalism of fine arts education, along with the development of social economy and vigorously support from national policy, the article gives the full affirmation to vocational education prospects in our country, and indicates vocationalism will be inevitable trend for regular fine arts school education reform.

本文对国内艺术学校、电影电视学校、经贸学校等一些中专学校的美术专业的教育及发展状况做了详细的调查与统计，并分别从以下几个角度对中专美术的教育改革作了分析与研究：中专美术的教育现状；美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性；职业化改革中面临的问题以及思考和对策；在中专美术教育现状的研究中，运用了数据分析和对比，阐述了改革的迫切性，同时针对当前中专美术在教育改革中所做的一些尝试，进行了思考和总结；在对美术职业化教育的可能性和必要性的分析中，本文结合社会经济的发展和国家政策的大力支持，对我国职业教育的发展前景给予充分肯定，指明中专美术教育向职业化方向发展将是中专教改的必然趋势。

By above research and the analysis, the author elaborated reform direction of fine arts education vocationalism ,and has expounded reform contents from the specialty and the curriculum system, teaching styles to the qualities of teachers and students. The article emphasizes the reform on changing traditional teaching methods that focus more on theory than practice, more knowledge than skills; It advocates the training on student′s capabilities and skills, methods that sharpens student′s skills and the creative and innovative abilities. In a result,the fine arts education pattern will meet better need of market and the education development itself.Key words: fine arts education, art vocational education, art education reform, art vocational

本文通过以上的研究和分析，论述了中专美术教育的职业化改革方向，提出了关于中专美术教育创建具有自身特点和优势的职业教育体系的见解，阐明了从专业与课程体系到教育教学形式再到师生素质等一系列教育改革内容，强调中专美术专业的教育应改变传统的重理论、轻实践；重知识、轻技能的教学理念，注重对学生技术技能的培训，提高学生的实践能力和创造、创新能力，从而使中专美术的教育模式更加符合时代的需求，也更加符合教育自身发展的需求。

Kizil wall paintings are fundamental historical remains of West Region art or Chinese Buddhist art.

克孜尔石窟壁画是西域美术和中国佛教美术的重要早期遗存之一。

The problem of geographical arts calls for our attention. The multiple development patterns of regional arts and cultural diversity have to be reconstructed in order to resist the cultural centrism, hegemonies and cultural bureaucracy.

美术的地域问题必须要引起关注，美术文化的多元发展格局和文化多样化必然要重新建构，以抵抗文化中心主义、霸权主义和文化官僚主义。

In the early of 50s,based on experience of "Yan\' an Art" and Soviet Union,an effective system of literary management and organization was established in fine art creation and education in new China.

本文梳理了20世纪50年代中央美术学院雕塑系教学建设的历史，并希望这段历史能再现50年代中国美术的一个侧面。50年代初，新中国美术创作和教育主要根据&延安文艺&经验和苏联经验，建立起一套有效的文艺管理、组织体制。

In the end, the dissertation puts forward some points that we should attach importance to the effective protection and about culture heritage. The writer sums up the education tradition-and-inheritance institution that basis on the human which counts on the joint of folk arts masters and folk arts pedagogues will implement well.

作者结合民间美术的历史传承方式，结合自己对民间美术的探索和实践，总结出以人为本的教育传承是要靠民间艺术大师与民间美术教育人才的结合才能实现良性传承。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。