美术在十四世纪的风格

During the 19th and 20th centuries there were huge achievements on philosophy literature art and music; a variety of activities were also booming at that time Richard Strauss(1864-1949) born at that era when the social phenomena influenced his music learning process combined the classical and romantic music styles and further developed his unique composing style There were 5 chapters in the dissertation The research motivation purposes methodology and the literature review were included in Chapter One Chapter 2 focused on understanding how the history background and personal attitude influenced Richard Strauss' composing style Through the study of the romantic musicians like Franz Schubert1797-1828 Robert Schumann(1810-1856 Johannes Brahms(1833-1897) Hugo Wolf(1860-1903) Gustav Mahler(1860-1911) and etc I attempted to get a complete picture of musical evolution in Chapter 3 In addition Richard's classic compositions were categorized and organized in order to gain a deep understanding of his music From the study and the analysis of Strauss'"Vier letzte Lieder" the features styles the format and the life of the two poets Hermann Hesse1877-1962）and Joseph von Eichendorff(1788-1857 were explored and the relationship between the music of this composition and the poetry were also discussed Chapter 5 summarized the main arguments to give a short account of Strauss' lifetime rich experiences and thinking in his eighties

横跨十九、二十世纪的理察·史特劳斯（Richard Strauss，1864-1949）正是欧洲人文发展空前灿烂的年代，无论在哲学思想、文学、美术以及音乐方面，都有辉煌的成就。在他音乐学习历程中，结合了古典时期及浪漫时期两种音乐风格，发展出独特的作曲风格。本论文分成五章：第一章绪论包括研究动机、研究目的、研究方法及步骤以及文献探讨；第二章则从对理查史特劳斯生平的详实记载中，了解他创作作品的时代背景和心情；第三章则就浪漫时期艺术歌曲作家舒伯特（Franz Schubert1797-1828）、舒曼（Robert Schumann1810-1856）、布拉姆斯（Johannes Brahms1833-1897）、沃尔夫（Hugo Wolf1860-1903）及马勒（Gustav Mahler1860-1911）等，以诗人、旋律、伴奏型态及曲式和声，稍加整理并说明，以便了解艺术歌曲在此时期之演变过程。并将理查史特劳斯艺术歌曲作品分类统整，藉此对他的艺术歌曲能有更深一步的了解。第四章《四首最后的歌》之音乐探究与分析，则探讨此部作品诗人赫塞（Hermann Hesse 1877 - 1962）及艾辛朵夫（Joseph von Eichendorff﹐1788-1857）的生平和作品特色，以及诗的结构与格式，和此部作品音乐与诗的关系。第五章结语说明史特劳斯一生丰富经历与晚年想法，创作出一组宁静感人又深刻的终曲。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。