美学

Since 50's, Japan designed boundary's modernism to Europe and America design to carry on history of, overall reviewing and understanding, Japanese reasonableness of design esthetics and the composing doctrine of Europe esthetics of is a nice bit of similar of place, therefore, Japan of designer, especially flat surface designer to the composing doctrine feeling have a clock only.

从50 年代开始，日本设计界对欧美的现代主义设计进行了历史的、全面的审阅和了解，日本理性的设计美学与欧洲的构成主义美学之间有相当多的类似之处，因此，日本的设计家，特别是平面设计家对构成主义情有独钟。

My paper firstly turns on the time of Kaogongji, puts it in axes-age and sums up the characters from our ancient art design which it starts from the analyzing of "Qi" and "Wu".So we can draw our research clue and orientation: manufacture whose core is "Li";And then we will make particularly aesthetic analyse about the text.We will make it clear about the realations between " Li" and "Qi", concept and res, taste and res , and my paper will tell of three part:conceptual design—age idea" s effect on Kaogongji" s taste;human design—human spirit in Kaogongji" s art design;imitate design—accouterment" s taste of Kaogongji. In the text ,I will also tell of the following problems:Li and Kaogongji" s design idea, like-six idea and Kaogongji" s taste ideal, nature-human and Kaogongji s zoology idea.

本论文首先切入《考工记》的时间定位问题，把它放在轴心时代的大背景下，之后从"器"和"物"二字的文字学分析出发，对我国古代艺术设计的总体特征进行了概括，进而以此背景审视《考工记》一书的工艺美学思想，确定本文对该书的研究思路和定位，即以"礼"为核心的器物制造；然后具体进入文本进行细致的美学视角的分析，为廓清"礼"与"器"、观念与器物、审美风尚与器物等关系理顺思路，论文分别从观念化设计——时代观念对《考工记》审美取向的影响、人机化设计——《考工记》艺术设计的人文精神、仿生设计——《考工记》中装饰物的审美追求这三个大方面进行研究，涉及到礼制文化与《考工记》的审美设计理念、"尚六意识"与《考工记》的审美理想、"天人合一"与《考工记》的审美生态观等诸多问题。

"Beauty is life" is the main content of Chernychevsky's aesthetics, while ZHOU Yang was the advocator and promoter of Chernychevsky's aesthetics in China.

"美是生活"是车尔尼雪夫斯基美学的核心内容，周扬是车尔尼雪夫斯基美学在中国的接受者和推行者。

Shopenhauer is an important Western aesthetician in the period of transition from the ancient to the modern times, while Wang Guowei is the founding father of modern aesthetics in China.

叔本华是西方美学由古代向现代转型中一位重要的美学家，王国维则是中国近代美学的奠基人。

Zong Bai-hua, the prominent aesthetician in the history of Chinese aesthetics in 20th century has made many original achievements by study of art experience.

宗白华作为是二十世纪中国美学史上的杰出美学家，以艺术体验为美学研究的挈入点，独特地走出了散步美学的道路。

Heidegger's existentialist aestheticism has played a very important part in the history of western aesthetics.

海德格尔的存在论美学在西方美学史上具有重要的地位，几乎达到了可以与任何时代的西方美学思想相对话的境地。

ABSTRACT Artistic conception is the core of the Chinese classical esthetics and the center of the esthetics of Zen Buddhism.

意境是中国古典美学的核心，也是禅美学的重点所在，对这一传统美学问题的深入探索需要有新的思路、新的角度，运用多学科、跨文化的方法拓展研究的。。。

This paper divides this period into three phases, analysis and argues about them by aiming at both conformism and invention of calligraphy esthetics thoughts in China during its development, physical circumstance included.

本文将这一时期划分为明代、清代前中期和清代后期三个阶段，针对中国古典书法美学思想的延承情况及求新求异的新型美学的发展状况，从时代文化背景入手，结合具体书法美学思想，分别进行分析论述。

Since Gustav Theodor Fechner,aesthetic as a branch of philosophy for a long time was transfered from philosophy to science gradually.

美学长期隶属于哲学，在费希纳之后，美学逐渐由哲学走向科学，但这一转向并没有给美学带来整体上的突破。

Since Gustav Theodor Fechner,aesthetic as a branch ofphilosophy for a long time was transfered from philosophy toscience gradually.But thetransference had not changed the aesthetic on whole.

美学长期隶属于哲学，在费希纳之后，美学逐渐由哲学走向科学，但这一转向并没有给美学带来整体上的突破。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。