美国黑人的

With a more than 200-year history, the spiritual is rooted in the African slave culture of the antebellum South.

有着200余年历史的美国黑人宗教民歌，植根于南北战争前美国南方的非洲黑奴文化。

Obama. This is your most valuable fortune—you are ties between American Black and White, between the poors and elites, between US and Africa and Asia, even between Christianism and Islam.

这是你的最宝贵的财富——你是美国白人和黑人的纽带；你是美国穷人和精英的纽带；你是美国、非洲和亚洲的天然纽带；甚至你可能成为基督教和伊斯兰教的纽带。

The Chinese people have regarded in the American history two people have been the hero, Washington are first, because he is oppressed from the colonizer hand for the US the people have captured the free independent status; The second hero is Lincoln, because he liberated the black slave. In the 60s in China's elementary school text also disclosed the American colonizers trade the black from Africa not the humanity behavior.

中国人民一直视美国历史上两个人为英雄，华盛顿是第一个，因为他从殖民者手里为美国被压迫的人民夺得了自由独立的地位；第二个英雄就是林肯，因为他解放了黑奴。60年代中国的小学课文中还披露美国殖民者从非洲贩卖黑人的不人道的行为。

This sweltering summer of the negro's legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating

如果美国忽视时间的迫切性和低估黑人的决心，那麼，这对美国来说，将是致命伤。

The US President, Bill Clinton, apologized for medical experiments which his government carried out on black American men in the 1930s; the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, apologized for Britain's failure to help victims of the Irish potato famine, which killed over a million people last century;and French Catholic Bishops apologized for the role of their predecessors during World War II.

美国总统比尔克林顿为本世纪30年代美国政府在美国黑人身上进行医学实验而道歉：英国首相托里布莱尔为上一世纪英国在爱尔兰因土豆枯萎而引发的饥荒中没有帮助受灾的饥民而道歉，这次饥荒使一百多万人丧生；法国天主教的主教们为他们的前任在二战中的表现而道歉。

Ralph Ellison nimbly defends the blacks' humanity with his outstanding cultural vision, and his witty use of metaphors in language. He outdid the traditional literature focusing on moralistic propaganda by Mrs. Stowe, and the naturalistic protest fiction centering on hard boiled remonstration and violence by Richard Wright, firstly by speaking highly of the 191 century classic works by such white writers as Melville, Faulkner and Mark Twain, who showed humanistic spirit affirming the blacks' humanity, and secondly by making use of the highly symbolic arid subversive language both to represent negro's humanity and whites' inhumanity, and more importantly by probing into the universal human nature by alluding to the Riddle of the Sphinx, which demonstrates, in a broad sense, the author's humanistic concern for the living dilemma of the contemporary people and also his advocatory tendency to revive the humanistic spirit of the 19th century writers.

拉尔夫埃利森通过对梅尔维尔、福克纳和马克吐温等19世纪美国经典白人作家的作品解读，赞赏了这些作家在肯定黑人人性时表现出的人道主义精神；同时运用高度象征性和颠覆性的语言，展示了黑人的人性，揭示了白人的非人性；并通过"斯芬克斯之谜"典故的阐释，对普遍意义上的人性作了探讨，体现了作者对所有现代人的生存困境的关注，从而超越了以斯陀夫人小说为代表的注重道义宣传的传统文学，以及以理查德赖特的创作为代表的注重态度强硬的抗议与暴力表达的自然主义文学，体现出回归与提升19世纪人文主义作家人道主义精神的创作倾向。

Board of Education of Topeka (1954), African American and white supporters attempted to end entrenched segregationist practices.

随着美国最高法院对「布朗对托皮卡教育局案」(1954)的裁决，美国黑人和白人支持者企图结束固有的隔离措施。

American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.

美国英语有许多方言，特别是中西部地区和南部地区的方言，以及美国黑人和西班牙人的方言。

Although they account for only 13% of the total population, blacks make up 49% of all prisoners.

以美国黑人为例，黑人只占美国人口的13%，却占囚犯总数的49%。

Ralph Ellison nimbly defends the blacks' humanity with his outstanding cultural vision, and his witty use of metaphors in language. He outdid the traditional literature focusing on moralistic propaganda by Mrs. Stowe, and the naturalistic protest fiction centering on hard boiled remonstration and violence by Richard Wright, firstly by speaking highly of the 191 century classic works by such white writers as Melville, Faulkner and Mark Twain, who showed humanistic spirit affirming the blacks' humanity, and secondly by making use of the highly symbolic arid subversive language both to represent negro's humanity and whites' inhumanity, and more importantly by probing into the universal human nature by alluding to the Riddle of the Sphinx, which demonstrates, in a broad sense, the author's humanistic concern for the living dilemma of the contemporary people and also his advocatory tendency to revive the humanistic spirit of the 19th century writers.

拉尔夫埃利森通过对梅尔维尔、福克纳和马克吐温等19世纪美国经典白人作家的作品解读，赞赏了这些作家在肯定黑人人性时表现出的人道主义精神；同时运用高度象征性和颠覆性的语言，展示了黑人的人性，揭示了白人的非人性；并通过&斯芬克斯之谜&典故的阐释，对普遍意义上的人性作了探讨，体现了作者对所有现代人的生存困境的关注，从而超越了以斯陀夫人小说为代表的注重道义宣传的传统文学，以及以理查德赖特的创作为代表的注重态度强硬的抗议与暴力表达的自然主义文学，体现出回归与提升19世纪人文主义作家人道主义精神的创作倾向。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。