美国黑人的

This want of politeness I was not, however, surprised at, for it is notorious, as has been before observed by an able writer, that, excepting the Church of Rome, the members of the unestablished Church of England–the Protestant Episcopalian, are the most bigotted, sectarian, and illiberal, in the United States of America.

当这本书不经意的出现在我手边的时候，我其实已经归纳出了一个解答。美国社会等级分化与种族的关联似乎表示，即使不同种族的人们拥有相似的环境和机会，总体上，白人系统性的取得超出黑人的成就。

And the War Department appointed a black judge, William Hastie, as civilian aide on African-American affairs.

陆军部还提拔黑人老本杰明·欧·戴维斯上校为准将，任命黑人法官、华盛顿特区霍华德大学法学院院长威廉·海斯蒂为主管非洲裔美国人事务的副官。

However, he rightly says that an increasing number of blacks recognize the incongruity between "the vast potential of their lives" since the triumph of the civil-rights movement, and the insistence of many blacks "that America remains a racist purgatory in which all black effort is a Sisyphean affair that renders even just keeping one's head above water a victory."

然而，他正确的指出，越来越多的黑人认识到他们自身的巨大潜能和种族歧视仍旧存在学说（许多黑人坚决主张：美国仍然是一个种族炼狱，在哪里黑人所有的努力都将是徒劳无功的。

Zora Neale Hurston was an important black female writer in Harlem Renaissance of the USA in the 20~ century. Since the 1960s, there appeared a "Hurston Rejuvenation" in western academic circles.

佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿(Zora Neale Hurston，1891-1960)是20世纪美国哈莱姆文艺复兴时期重要的黑人女作家，自20世纪60年代以来，西方学术界出现了"赫斯顿复兴"，她的作品成为美国文学、黑人文学和妇女文学的经典。

Fivescore years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation . This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.

然而，100年后，黑人依然没有获得自由。100年后，黑人依然悲惨地蹒跚于种族隔离和种族歧视的枷锁之下。100年后，黑人依然生活在物质繁荣翰海的贫困孤岛上。100年后，黑人依然在美国社会中间向隅而泣，依然感到自己在国土家园中流离漂泊。

In the narrative that makes up our nine-month journey, we encounter the broken and bleeding body of the American black dozens of times: crossing the Atlantic, sweating in the southern fields, hanging from the lynching tree, hiding from Jim Crow, dodging night-riders and sheriffs, urban sharecropping in ghettos, rioting after their leaders are shot dead, existing within a system of structural violence, paying never-ending rent to a landlord who keeps jacking up the price and never fixing the leaks in the ceiling.

在叙述，使我们的9个月的旅程，我们遇到的破碎和出血机构的美国黑人数十倍：跨越大西洋，出汗的南部油田，挂私刑树，躲避吉姆克劳，逃避夜晚搭车和县行政司法长官，城市佃农在贫民区，骚乱后，其领导人是枪杀，现有的系统结构暴力，支付永无止境的租金的房东让谁顶的价格，决不泄漏固定在天花板上。

His second proposition was a crusade against the Supreme Court of the United States because of the Dred Scott decision, urging as an especial reason for his opposition to that decision that it deprived the Negroes of the rights and benefits of that clausein the Constitution of the United States which guarantees to the citizens of each State all the rights, privileges, and immunities of the citizens of the several States.

他特别提出了他反对那项裁决的理由，即它剥夺了《美国宪法》规定的黑人的权利和利益，因爲宪法条款规定必须保证每一个州的公民享有各州公民应有的权利、优惠待遇和豁免权。

His second proposition was a crusade against the Supreme Court of the United States because of the Dred Scott decision, urging as an especial reason for his opposition to that decision that it deprived the Negroes of the rights and benefits of that clausein the Constitution of the United States which guarantees to the citizens of each State all the rights, privileges, and immunities of the citizens of the several States.

斯科特裁决。他特别提出了他反对那项裁决的理由，即它剥夺了《美国宪法》规定的黑人的权利和利益，因为宪法条款规定必须保证每一个州的公民享有各州公民应有的权利、优惠待遇和豁免权。

His second proposition was a crusade against the Supreme Court of the United States because of the Dred Scott decision, urging as an especial reason for his opposition to that decision that it deprived the Negroes of the rights and benefits of that clausein the Constitution of the United States which guarantees to the citizens of each State all the rights, privileges, and immunities of the citizens of the several States.

斯科特裁决。他特别提出了他反对那项裁决的理由，即它剥夺了《美国宪法》规定的黑人的权利和利益，因爲宪法条款规定必须保证每一个州的公民享有各州公民应有的权利、优惠待遇和豁免权。

"The number of Blacks in college, about 11%, just about equaled their relative proportion in the total population; and there was marked economic improvement among the middleclass Black Americans by the end of 1970s"

到70年代末，大学里黑人学生占百分之十一左右，正好相当于黑人在美国总人口里的比例，黑人中产阶级在经济上有了显著的改善。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。