置换

Characteristics of a number of gates from the set of all generalized Toffoli gates are studied. Any permutation S is proved to be generated by a n-cycle δ and a permutation τ=i(subscript j, i together. It shows that any neighboring 2-cycle permutation can be generated by at most two NOT gates without ancilla bit.

本文研究了生成Toffoli门集合的可逆逻辑门数的特点，证明了任意置换S可以由n-轮换δ和一个置换τ=i(下标 j，i生成，同时证明了相邻2-轮换可由至多两个NOT门在不增加额外信息位的情况下生成。

Objective To analyse the failed total hip arthroplasty and to improve its long-term results.

目的对人工髋关节置换术后失败的病例进行分析，总结经验，提高人工髋关节置换术的长期疗效。

Objective To evaluate the influence of patellar resurfacing on total knee arthroplasty.

目的 评价髌骨置换与否对全膝关节表面置换的影响。

BACKGROUND: Prosthesis selection for total hip replacement is determined by geometrical matching with femoral medullary cavity of patients and the optimal biodynamics. It is of great significance for elevating outcomes of total hip replacement.

背景：人工髋关节置换术前选择假体时，不仅要考虑在几何学上达到与患者股骨髓腔的匹配，而且还要在生物力学性能上达到最优，这对提高全髋关节置换术后疗效，具有较现实的意义。

A fast algorithm for calculating the inverse and Moore-Penrose inverse of the permutation factor circulant matrix is presented. Then, a fast algorithm for the product of the permutation factor circulant matrix is given. Finally, The least-square solutions of inverse problems and the optimal approximation problems for the permutation factor circulant matrix are discussed.

首先给出了一种求n阶置换因子循环矩阵的逆阵、自反g-逆、群逆、Moore-Penrose逆的快速算法，然后给出了计算两n阶置换因子循环矩阵之乘积阵的一种快速算法，最后给出了其反问题的最小二乘解的存在性定理及它的一般表示，并证明了逼近矩阵的存在唯一性且给出它的具体表达式。

It plays an important role in the study of combinatorial structures.

决定一个置换群的次轨道结构是置换群理论的基本问题之一，它在组合结构的研究中有着重要的应用。

Generally,we often use the notions of transposition and cyclic transformation etc for definit-ing deferminant.

定义行列式时，一般要用到对换、置换等概念，置换群还是有限群的一个重要例子，本文对这些概念反轮换作一些探讨，得到了一些结果。

Minimum oxygen content and CO2 consumption, the deaerted water is also carbonated when processing deaeration.

该装置具有低氧含量和最低的CO2置换气体消耗量，出水在二氧化碳置换后，在脱氧的同时也达到了一定的碳酸化。

The principle of digester is introduced and the method of calculation of the distance between two's circle wire s has been given.

根据麦草制浆过程中蒸煮与洗涤特点，提出了一种适于麦草置换蒸煮与锅内置换洗涤的蒸煮锅结构，介绍了其工作原理，并给出了环形滤网间距计算公

As the displacer moves, the gas leaks around the gap between the displacer and the cylinder wall.

作为置换剂的举动，周围之间的置换剂和汽缸壁间隙气体泄漏。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。