置换

This observation suggests that the relationship between classical and quantum systems is not so clear as it is often portrayed and that the permutation group could also be a part of the same universal symmetry as gauge invariance.

观测表明，这之间的关系经典和量子系统就不那么明确，因为它往往是描述，而置换群也可能是出于同样的普遍的对称性作为规范不变性。

Knot Group;Permutation Group;Representation Of a Group;Computer Algorithm

纽结群；置换群；共轭类；群表示；计算机算法

For the wavelength assignment in all-optical network, our research include:(1) For the wavelength assignment on ring optical networks with fixed wavelength converters, we use permutation group to study the ability of wavelength converters, and design an assignment algorithm, which can give a good assignment scheme in any general case.

其中，在全光网的波长分配方面，主要包括：（1）对于环形光网中固定波长转换器的情况，采用置换群来刻画转换器的能力，在此基础上提出了一个对于一般情况能够给出较好波长分配方案的算法。

All patients we re randomly divided into four groups.Mannitol group,in which patients were trea ted only with mannitol .Permutation group in which patient's were treated with mannitol f ollowed cerebrospinal fluid permutation.

将患者随机分为4组治疗：单独应用甘露醇治疗头痛及在甘露醇应用的基础上行脑脊液置换、地塞米松鞘内注射和静脉注射，对比观察4个组的止痛效果。

In Chapter 3,we classify a binary-coded individual space equivalently withthe help of the ideals of Boolean algebra and analyze the search capabilitiesof a new kind of algebraic crossover operator in these equivalence classes,thenprovide the algebraic representation of a type of genetic algorithms by usingthe permutation group,therefore we can derive a lot of new forms of geneticalgorithms.

第三章运用Boole代数的理想将二进制编码的个体空间进行等价分类，分析了一类代数杂交算子在这些等价类上的搜索能力；然后利用置换群给出一类遗传算法的代数表示，由此导出多种新形式的遗传算法，并给出其中两类算法形式的收敛性结果。

Three-dimensional layout optimization; optimality condition; graph theory and permutation group; multi-objective programming

基础科学，数学，运筹学三维布局优化；最优性条件；图论与置换群；多目标规划

The Young operators can be distinguished as elimination operator and effective permutation operator by the normalization of Young basis, then the constructive rules of permutation operators of the orthogonal normalization of Young basis is given.

由杨盘基的归一化将杨盘的杨算符区分为消去算符和有效置换算符，进而给出了正交归一化杨盘基的置换算符构造规则。

The mathematics behind X-Colors is different, because it is not a permutation game.

数学背后的X颜色不同，因为它不是一个置换的游戏。

Thus each row and column of the table is a permutation of all the elements in the group.

所以表的每行与列都是这个群内的所有元素的置换。

His permutation is One.

他是一个置换。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。