置换

The mount airproof packaging containers, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas container in the original packaging of the air.

将产品装入气密性包装容器，用氮、二氧化碳等气体置换容器中原有空气的一种包装方法。

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of alimentary on severe hepatitis patients treated with plasmapheresis.

目的 观察饮食控制对血浆置换治疗重症肝炎疗效的影响并探讨其可能机制。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Article 22 A vessel shall, when washing the cabin, driving air or replacing the cabin, select safe water areas, be far from crowded navigable areas, vessel's routing system areas, navigation-forbidden areas, navigation channels, ferries, harbors for passenger liners, harbors for dangerous goods, military harbors, locks, large bridges, underwater passages and important targets alongshore under protection, and shall, before carrying out the operations, report to the maritime administrative institution for ratification.

第二十二条船舶进行洗舱、驱气或者置换，应当选择安全水域，远离通航密集区、船舶定线制区、禁航区、航道、渡口、客轮码头、危险货物码头、军用码头、船闸、大型桥梁、水下通道以及重要的沿岸保护目标，并在作业之前报海事管理机构核准，核准程序和手续按本规定第十三条关于单航次海上危险货物过驳作业的规定执行。

Alternately, a type may be supplied to determine which permutation type to use.

或者，一个类型的供应，以确定哪些类型的使用置换。

Plasma exchange combined hemodialysis is the effective method for cleaning amanita toxin.

血浆置换联合血液透析是清除白毒蕈毒素的有效方法，合并有中枢神经系统严重损害昏迷的患者联合应用分子吸附循环系统可起到一定疗效。

See same design principle, through different material's reasonable displacement in small place let the detail become to work properly to move, the delicate variety is ambidexterity, the fascinating place is satisfied to contain animation.

看似相同的设计理念，经由不同材质在细微处的合理置换，让细节变得灵动，微妙变化匠心独运，精彩之处饱含生气。

BACKGROUND: Early rehabilitation following total knee replacement has arisen more attention. The aim of continuous passive joint motion is to recover knee function, prevent anchylosis, accelerate blood and synovia circulation, therefore, enhance tissue repair.

摘要背景：膝关节置换后的早期康复治疗逐渐引起关注，进行持续被动关节运动的主要目的是恢复膝关节功能，防止关节僵硬，同时促进手术部位血液和关节滑液循环，从而加快组织修复。

As an achievement through grasping revolution and promoting production, the crystal structure of the insulin molecule has been determined at 1.8A resolution by X-ray analysis by the method of multiple isomorphous replacement and anomalous scattering.

运用X射线分析的多对同晶置换加反常散射法，在取得了2.5埃分辨率结果的基础上又进一步确定了1.8埃分辨率猪胰岛素分子的三维结构。

In reality, the female image, by means of the mass media, always appears before the people ahead of the realistic female, and it is the antecedency of image that enables the female image to replace successfully the female in reality, to win the more superior status than the female in reality and to possess the function of normalization, summon and guidance.

在实际生活中，女性形象借助各种大众传媒常比实际的女性先期地到达人们面前，正是形象的这种先行性，使得女性形象成功地置换了作为现实存在的女性本身，赢得了比实际的女性更为优越的地位，并具有了规范、召唤与引领的作用。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。