置信水平

At 95% confidence level the relative expanded uncertainty of the present method for determination of lithium isotopic abundance ratio is estimated to be 0.26%.

结果显示，在95%的置信水平下，应用这种方法测定锂样品同位素丰度比值，其相对扩展不确定度为0.26%。

When fuzzily clusterde based on the chemical constituents profile obtained with high performance liquid chromatography and multi-wave length scanning, they belonged to the same class with a confidence level of about 0.80, which indicated that the fruits of Atriplex centralasiatica Iljin and Tribulus terrestris may have most common chemicals and thereby can be used alternatively in clinics.

软蒺藜是中亚滨藜的果实，在山东、河北等地常用作硬蒺藜的代用品或混淆品，对硬、软蒺藜进行的高效液相色谱-模糊聚类分析和紫外-可见多波长扫描分析-模糊聚类分析表明，二者聚为同一类的置信水平在0.80作用，说明二者确有代用的物质基础。

Confidence in the comparability of results can help to reduce barriers to trade.

对结果相似性的置信水平能够降低贸易壁垒。

They also state a level of confidence for the interval, usually 90% or 95%.

他们还为国家一区间的置信水平，通常为90％或95％。

This article estimates the extreme loss distribution with extreme value theory, estimates the shape parameter with HKKP estimator, which is unbiased to small sample data, selects the right threshold by selecting smallest mean square error of the estimated cumulative distribution function and empirical cumulative distribution function and based on the extreme value theory method, this article estimates the extreme loss distribution and the p-percentile operational loss under certain believe range for Chinese commercial banks, then calculates the operational risk supervise capital.

本文利用极值理论对中国商业银行操作损失极端值分布进行估计，针对尾参数估计的来用传统Hill佑计对小样本数据容易产生偏倚的情况，提出了采用Hill佑计的改进―小样本无偏估计的HKKP佑计来估计操作损失的尾参数，针对由于阈值确定不准确导致结果偏差大的情况，采用最小化估计的累计概率分布与经验累计概率分布平均平方误差的方法确定较精确的阈值，估计出给定置信水平下操作风险损失的分位数，从而使得中国商业银行操作风险监管资本的测定成为可能。

We get the price elasticity -0.54 and the income elasticity 0.21 from the estimated demand function, and we also compute the average consumer surplus according to the function. At 90% confidence level, the average consumer surplus of 38 cities is 0.5 to 2 times of travel cost.

计算出了文物旅游的人均消费者剩余，得到在 90%的置信水平下，我国 38 个主要城市文物旅游的人均消费者剩余为旅行费用的 0.5 倍到 2 倍。

It was suggested that Ka=250 m^2/s can result a required guarantee rate of 70%, by which the in situ floater can be in the area with 95% confidence.

最后，在给定95%的置信水平，并达到70%的保证率的条件下，反推得到随机运动模型的扰动系数的合理值。

In 2005, we have fulfilled the improved experiment, which included a new cave laboratory with more homogeneous gravitational background, a modified pendulum with a quadrupole moment of mass distribution to further quiet the contribution from the local gravity gradients, a high vacuum chamber to suppress the disturbance from the residual air current, the synchronous monitors of the rotating period of the turntable and temperature, the modulation experiment of background magnetic field, and so on.

新的实验中进一步克服了2002年实验中的背景引力梯度的影响，同时还进行了温度、回转周期稳定性的同步检测和磁场影响的调制实验，以及数据处理方法的研究，进一步提高了实验的置信水平。

Moreover, failure analysis was made to the sensor, and the sensor was improved against the systematic B failure. By general way of reliability growth way, the increased MTBF was estimated. When the confidence level was 0.9, the one－ sided confidence lower limit reached to 299 158 times, which met the challenge of MTBF bigger than 100 000 times.

进而对其进行失效分析，并将系统性B类失效加以改进，采用一般性的可靠性增长方式，经可靠性验证试验对增长后的MTBF做出评价，当置信水平为0.9时，其MTBF的单侧置信下限达到了299158次；满足了MTBFL10万次的要求。

So two methods are used to remove the local relation. One is that extremal index is introduced to POT model. The analysis showed that the introduction of extremal index improves validity and veracity of VaR based on POT model. Still VaR based on POT model introducing extremal index is invalid in low confidence level. The other is to filter returns series using GARCH model.

为此引入两种方法来消除超阈值的局部相关性：一是将极值指标引入到POT模型中，实证分析发现极值指标的引入不仅改善了POT模型估计VaR的有效性，而且还提高了POT模型估计的准确性，尽管如此在较低的置信水平上即便引入极值指标，POT模型估计VaR仍是无效的；二是用GARCH模型对收益率序列进行过滤处理。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。