网络拓扑结构

First, the digraph is used to represent the topology of multi-agent systems, and then, a first-order integrator model and a consensus convergence criterion of systems are established.

首先提出了能使用有向图表示的多智能体网络系统的拓扑结构，并根据该拓扑结构建立了网络系统的1阶数学模型和提出了多智能体网络系统一致收敛准则。

This method combined the traceroute result with the topology information obtained by tomography to construct a final topology using minimum similarity cluster algorithm and merging and constructing anonymous routers algorithm.

该方法可通过提出的最小相似度聚类算法和匿名节点构造归并算法，将网络层析成像获得的拓扑信息与traceroute探测结果融合，构成最终的拓扑结构。

The proposed network topology identification algorithm in this paper requires no support from internal nodes, it infer network internal performance and topology by using end-to-end measurement.

提出的网络拓扑推断算法不需要网络内部节点的协作，通过端到端测量推断网络内部的性能特征和拓扑结构。

Based on the degree distribution and comparison identification, the topology structure of Shenyang automobile network approaches BA(m=2) scale-free network, whose two distinct qualities are growth and preferential attachment.

3通过度分布判定和比较判定得出结论，沈阳汽车产业网络的拓扑结构最趋近于"BA(m=2)无标度网络"，这种网络拓扑模型具备的两个显著特征就是：增长性和择优性。

ABSTRACT Topology and routing optimization is the substratum of the optimization in communication networks.

拓扑结构和路由优化是通信网络优化的基础，其他的优化功能，如：流量控制、资源管理都是在拓扑结构和路由优化的基础上实现的。

The theory of graphs and relations between the spectra and fixed variate (e.g. chromatic number, degree sequence, diameter and connectivity) of graphs by means of the well-developed theory and technique of algebra, topological structure properties of graph, combination and matrix theories so as to establish firm essential relation between the algebraic properties and topological properties of graphs and networks.

图谱理论的研究主要是利用成熟的代数理论和技巧，并结合图的拓扑结构性质和组合数学的理论、矩阵理论来研究图谱及其与图的结构性质、图的其它不变量(如色数，度序列，直径，连通度等)之间的关系，将图与网络的代数性质与图的拓扑性质紧密地联系在—起。

One of the reasons is that the construction of the peer overlay in existing P2P systems has not considered the underlying physical network topology and can cause serious topology mismatch between the P2P overlay network and the physical network.

其中一个原因是，建设同侪重叠在现有的P2P系统没有考虑到背后的物理网络拓扑，并可以引起严重的拓扑结构不协调的P2P重叠网络和物理网络。

Hypercube has many advantages, such as smaller diameter, simple routing algorithm, many parallel paths between any two nodes, and fault-tolerance, on the other hand that the Hypercube nodal degree increased logarithmetically to the number of nodes has limited network population. So we propose a constant nodal degree hierarchical topology to remedy the weakness of Hypercube and take advantages of Hypercube most. Given the definition of FCCN we analyse the basic properties including nodal degree , number of links , extensibility and diameter (maximum network communication delay). Also we proposed a simple and self-routing algorithm applied in FCCN. Although the self-routing algorithm is not optimal, but at more than 82% case it can get the shortest path, and the percent is larger and larger increased with network levels. By the self-routing algorithm the internodal distance is calculated to evaluate the network communication delay more clearly. The average internal distance is in order of the cubic root of the network population that is almost same as logarithmetically relation in a few thousands. FCCN is a highly scalable network due to its recursive construction.

首先在比较了基本互连网络的基础上，看到超立体网络的杰出性能，包括网络直径小、寻路算法简单且为自寻路算法、容错能力好等等，但是由于其节点度随网络的规模的增加而按对数关系增长，使得超立体网络的应用规模受到极大限制，所以为了能最大限度利用超立体网络的优点的同时弥补其节点度方面的不足，作者提出了节点度等于常数4的FCCN网络结构，来最多地利用立方体网络的优点；然后在对FCCN网络进行严格的定义后，分析了网络的节点度、链路数、延伸特性、网络的直径（决定网络的最大通讯延迟）等，并提出了适于FCCN网络的简单的自寻路算法，计算自寻路算法可得到最短路径的比例，看到在多于82％以上的情况自寻路算法都是最优的，而且比例随网络层数的增加而增加；应用所提出的自寻路算法计算了可以更加准确反映网络通讯延迟的参数—网络平均节点距离，计算得到此参数与网络大小的立方根成正比，此比例关系在网络的规模在几千节点以内与对数关系的网络几乎一样；FCCN网络是一高度可扩展结构，这是因为FCCN的递归构成方式，使得网络在增加节点时其原有的拓扑结构可以保持不变，不需对网络进行重新设计，为网络的实用扩展提供了条件；理论分析得出FCCN网络是一种高度可扩展高性能网络的结论。

The algorithm searches the minimal energy cost path by using a local broadcast rouging scan in constrained ad hoc network. It just need to know local topology and link information instead the whole topology and links'status.

提出一种分布式局部广播路由算法，网络节点只需维持本地网络拓扑信息和本地链路的状态信息，而不必了解整个网络的拓扑结构和网络中其它链路的状态。

According to the calibration information, Research and development status of automotive bus network and automotive calibration system is studied and the research significance is generalized. First of all, the collectivity precept for calibration system is designed, the calibration platform is set up based on the XCP Protocol and the calibration object is CAN bus network simulation ECUs. Then how to create the calibration system based on Ethernet and Series communication is expatiated, the communication way from computer to ECUs is introduced and the calibration system is tested. Then how to create the calibration system based on CAN bus communication is expatiated, the design and the interface programme are introduced and the calibration system is tested. At last the platform is used to calibrate the CAN bus network simulation system to regulate the simulation system's topology and communication speed to test the communication protocol's feasibility.

论文首先设计了标定系统的总体方案，以CAN总线实时仿真系统中的节点标定为研究对象，采用XCP协议建立具有串口、以太网和CAN总线三种通讯接口的标定平台；然后，具体开发了基于以太网通讯和基于串口通讯的标定系统，完成了上、下位机部分的软件设计，确定了标定系统在两种通讯方式下的数据处理方法，并分别应用两种标定方式标定下位机仿真系统的参数，让下位机仿真系统在规定的通讯协议和拓扑结构下进行仿真，对所设计的标定系统进行了调试；接着，设计了基于CAN总线通讯的标定系统，完成了CCP协议（&XCP on CAN&）的接口程序设计，并通过混合动力汽车一种拓扑结构的通讯仿真对所设计的系统进行了调试；最后，应用开发的标定系统，对混合动力电动汽车网络通讯协议进行了仿真研究，并根据实验结果进行了分析。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。