缺陷

Considering the real wheel/rail geometry and boundary condition, the distribution of elastic-plastic stress in the rail-joint, the effect of the inclusion and crack in the rail surface on the distribution of elastic-plastic stress in railhead are analyzed by using software ANSYS.

本文以大型有限元软件ANSYS为分析工具，同时考虑车轮和钢轨真实的几何形状及边界条件，分析了钢轨接头位置弹塑性应力场、钢轨表面点状缺陷和条纹状钢轨表面缺陷对钢轨接触应力场的影响。

According to the importance of《the marriage law》in realitic life , it is necessary for us to study the marriage procedure system. The marriage procedure system, as an important law system to manage the marital relationship,has already obtained great consummation and complementarity for a long time ,however, with the development of the society, the marriage family relation is becoming more and more complicated and also b...

婚姻程序制度作为规范婚姻关系的一项重要的法律制度，虽然长期以来已取得很大的完善和补足，但是，随着社会的发展，婚姻家庭关系变得越来越复杂，又因法律制度本身存在的滞后性，我国现有的婚姻程序制度在当前形势下还存在着一些缺陷，笔者针对我国婚姻程序制度中的缺陷提出了一些措施建议。

In the event of such defects within the warranty period, the Company will, at its option, replace or recondition the product without charge.

如果在保质期内发现产品有这些缺陷，公司将根据自己的选择，决定免费更换或者维修有缺陷的产品。

A recording medium stores information representing use or non-use of linear replacement defect management in which a defective area on the recording medium is replaced with the spare area, in order to record real time data.

记录介质存储表示使用或不使用线性替换缺陷管理的信息，其中记录介质上的缺陷区用备用区代替，以便记录实时数据。

A multi-layered information recording medium comprising a plurality of recording layers, a user data area for recording user data, provided in at least two of the plurality of recording layers, and a defect list storing area for storing a defect list.

一种多层信息记录介质，包括：多个记录层；在该多个记录层的至少两个中设置的、用于记录用户数据的用户数据区；和用于存储缺陷列表的缺陷列表存储区。

5As for creep of the marine soft soil, the micro-mechanism of one-dimension creep is proposed: Under slight load, the initial bone strength and rank will be destroyed, while, as the time advances, deformation increases, void ratio decreases and inner particles move, bonding among particles become tight and the structure changes, and then the restitute of the old structural damage exceeds the new one. Consequently, creep will trend towards decelerate steady state ultimately.

揭示了软土一维蠕变的微观机理：当土样受荷较小时，尽管土样初始结构要受到影响，某些颗粒连结强度、胶结性、定向排列性遭到破坏，但随着时间的增长，变形增大，孔隙比减小，土体内部颗粒发生位移，使得某些颗粒结构间的联结更紧，胶结因而逐渐恢复，定向排列性亦略有回升，从而使得结构缺陷的愈合超过胶结的破坏和新缺陷的形成，蠕变最后趋于减速稳定状态。

Ozone oxide performed the lowest trapping efficiency, Dit degradation and defect generation rate after 600oC PDA than NH3 or RTO treatment partially due to the better interface properties.

臭氧水氧化层界面处在经过600oC沉积后退火之后形成较佳的界面，因此相较於氨气及快速高温氧化前处拥有最低的捕获效，界面缺陷化及缺陷产生。

A prediction model has been proposed to deal with threshold voltage shift as a function of 1MeV neutron flux and gate oxide thickness, and to deal with room-temperature annealing of threshold voltage shift induced-by 〓Coγ as a function of electric field and gate oxide thickness. The commonness and individuality of MOS device degradation between hot-carrier effect and ionizing radiation were investigated. The dependence of substrate current, gate current and threshold voltage shift due to hot-carrier on gate oxide thickness were simulated with MEDICI-2D simulator. The photocurrents of PN junction and bipolar transistor were studied. Their transient responses on varied bias voltages, pulse durations and absorbed doses were simulated. The influences of NPN base width on base and collector photocurrents were investigated. We also studied 1MeV neutron displacement damage in PN junction, and calculated reverse current leakage under the neutron flux of 2. 67×10〓 per square centimeter. 3 The study of nondestructive screening method for MOS radiation tolerance A theoretical and experimental study of nondestructive screening methods for radiation tolerance of nMOS and pMOS were firstly fulfilled. We determined the informative parameters pertinent to the method and proposed how to deal with experimental data and verify obtained results statistically, as well as make the required steps for nondestructive screening. Based on the experimental data of 180 samples of discrete pMOS devices, the relation between sample quantity and correlation coefficient, screening equation, and other significant results were obtained from the threshold voltage shifts of pre-and post-irradiation samples.

二、分立器件电离和位移辐射损伤响应研究在国内首次开展了电离辐射引起的氧化层阈值电压漂移和退火理论研究，编程计算了1MeV中子引起的MOS器件阈值电压漂移与中子通量及栅氧厚度的关系，计算了〓Coγ光子引起的阈值电压漂移及退火的时效曲线与纵向电场和栅氧厚度的关系等，对评估MOS型集成电路电离损伤和加固方法研究，以及论文中开展的MOSFETs无损筛选方法研究奠定了基础；分析了MOS器件热载流子损伤效应与辐射电离损伤效应之间的异同性，利用二维模拟软件MEDICI-2D模拟了衬底电流和栅电流，在不同栅氧厚度下随栅压的变化曲线，计算了热载流子效应造成的阈值电压漂移，研究结果对当前存在的以热载流子效应研究取代电离辐射损伤实验研究的设想，具有重要的参考价值；开展了PN结和双极晶体管电离光电流研究，计算了不同偏压、不同辐射脉宽和不同吸收剂量下PN结光电流的瞬时响应，计算了不同辐射脉宽下NPN晶体管基极电流和收集极电流的瞬时响应，以及基区宽度对NPN晶体管光电流的影响，研究结果对双极器件抗电离辐射损伤响应及加固方法研究具有重要意义；在国内首次开展了器件位移损伤的理论研究，分析了辐射产生的缺陷对电性能的影响，计算了注量为2.67×10〓cm〓的1MeV中子产生的缺陷对PN结反向电流的影响。

Based on the theory of rheology, in the test, many factors were concerned, such as cement paste quantitates, water binder ratio and sand proportion. The relationship of these factors and slump, vibration viscosity factor, yield stress and concrete surface defects was discussed. It can provide theoretical basis for analysing concrete surface defects.

根据流变学观点，本文在试验中考虑水泥浆量、水灰比及砂率对新拌混凝土坍落度、振动粘度系数及摩擦系数的影响，讨论了混凝土工作性与混凝土表面缺陷的关系，为分析混凝土表面缺陷成因提供理论基础。

Magnetic flux leakage of cylinder point flaw was computed by using scalar quantity magnetic potential method.

本文由标量磁位计算圆柱形点缺陷的漏磁场，然后计算穿过式线圈及旋转式线圈探测点缺陷的漏磁场产生的感应电动势，分析这些检测信号的特性并得出相应的结

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。