缺位

Judicatory actualization of constitution includes two asp ects: first, judicature censor to law, statute and decision, order of sanction at larger which infracting the constitution; second , on the condition of lacking common law and of people' s basic right be infracted, applying constitution criterion to judge.

宪法司法化具体包括两方面内涵：一是对法律、法规以及具有普遍约束力的决定和命令进行违宪的司法审查；二是在公民基本权利受到侵害而普通法律缺位的情况下提起宪法诉讼，并在具体案件中适用宪法规范作判决。宪法司法化最早产生并发展于西方国家。我国至今未能实现宪法的司法化，究其原因，观念偏差和制度延误是两个主要方面。

The diffcult cases' number is low in the justing cases of courts, but it ownes very improtant significance especially in China now. The difficult case justice is conspicuous for rule vacancy in social change and public trust lack for judge.

在法院审理的案件中，疑难案件的数量虽然只占了很小的一部分，但却具有十分重要的意义——特别是在目前中国，由于社会变迁造成的规则缺位和公众对法官信任的缺乏，疑难案件的审判尤其引人瞩目。

Owners absent from their duties, causing managers and owners of mismatches.

所有者的缺位，造成了经营管理者和所有者的错位。

Placating protesting workers may help calm a tense situation. But in the absence of genuine unions or better enforcement of the laws, it may also serve to encourage more protests.

安抚抗议的工人或许有利于是紧张的局势平静下来，但是真正的工会的缺位或不能更好地贯彻法律，这也可能鼓励更多的抗议。

Due to the change of the main body of power and functions caused by internal contra- diction of public owiership,its property right structure is manifested as an organic system fonned by ownership, right of possession and right of man- agement, among which ownership plays a main role, dominates and super- vises the function of the other two rights....

其中，所有权居于主导地位，控制并监督其它两项权利的运行。传统体制下，受文化和理论的双重影响，公有制畸变为国家所有制，行使占有权的国家机构变成所有权主体，这成为国有企业的症结所在。国有企业出现所有者缺位、经营权改革无法到位以及巨额国有资产流失等诸多问题。为保证经济的健康发展，必须在确立劳动者的个人所有权基础上重建国有企业产权体系。为此，人民代表大会、国有资产占有委员会、国有资产经营公司、企业成为构建国企产权体系的重要环节。

Under the structure of "the giant state stocks". it is un-avoidable for the main stockholder to control the whole stockholder"s conference. However, the essential reason of such invalidation lies in absence of the agent of state stocks and faultiness of agent"s system.

在国家股&一股独大&的股权结构下，大股东操纵股东大会不可避免，但是在此情况下产生的治理失效的根本原因在于国有股权代理人的缺位及其代理制度安排的不完善。

In the face of serious catastrophe risk, the catastrophe insurance in our country is almost a blank and not in favor of economic development.

摘要我国面临严重的巨灾风险，但巨灾保险却严重缺位，这势必不利于我国经济的发展。

After the establishment of PRC, for the lack of corresponding legal system, the need of judicial officials and the improper orientation of the People's Court, court conciliation was still first choice in civil trial.

在第二个时期，建国后的民事审判因当时法律制度的缺位、司法人员的稀缺及人民法院的功能定位等因素，法院调解依然是解决民事审判方式的首选。

Due to the imbalance of ownership distribution and responsibility vacancy of board in China's listed companies, the shareholders' ownership and control right lie in imbalanced situation.

由于在我国上市公司中存在股权分配的不均衡和董事会职权缺位的现象，使得上市公司的各个股东的所有权与控制权长期处于不均衡的状态，因此有必要对上市公司所有权与控制权进行改革。

Among the powerful news sources, the government officials, at an exclusive advantage, are the primary definers of news event; experts sources appear more and more in the media, but they may often speak on behalf of the government and capital instead of the public. And when the media and journalists become sources in various forms, the offside, absence and dislocation of the media is in sight. Elites sources define the country's key issues through"strategic alliances"in the report, while the public is less and less powerful to affect the media agenda.

在强势来源中，官方占据绝对的优势，是新闻事件中的主要定义者；专家来源越来越多地出现在媒体上，但却往往是在代表政府和资本权力而非社会公众说话；当媒体和记者以各种形式成为消息来源的时候，隐含着媒介角色的越位、缺位与错位；精英来源在新闻报道中会以一种&策略同盟&的方式来定义国家的主要问题，而民众则越来越无力去影响这种媒介议程。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。