编码

Well, it could be that you have a huge collection of ISBN numbers, and that there are so many of them that for weird reasons some have the wrong check digit perhaps the numbers were scanned from a printed list and the OCR got the numbers wrong, perhaps the numbers were manually captured...

因为你可能有数量巨大的 ISBN 的编码，而其中又有大量的编码不知道什么原因，校验码是错的（可能是编码是从一个打印出来的列表里头扫描并 OCR 出来的，编码就错了，也可能是编码被手工捕获的。。。

The topics covered include the basic concepts of information theory--entropy, mutual information, channel capacity, information rate, Shannon's noiseless coding theorem and Shannon's fundamental coding theorem; modeling of information sources--zero-memory and Markov models; modeling of information channels--BSC and BEC channels, additivity of information and cascaded channels; construction of compact source codes--Kraft inequality, compact codes, Huffman and LZW compression codes; and analysis and design of error-control channel codes--Hamming distance, binary linear codes and the parity-check matrix, Hamming codes, checksum codes, cyclic codes and the generator polynomial and CRC codes.

课程的内容包括：信息论的基本概念（熵、交互信息、信道容量、信息率、 Shannon无噪声编码定理和Shannon基本编码定理）、信源模型（无记忆模型和Markov模型）、信息信道模型（BSC 和 BEC模型、信息的可加性和级联信道），紧致信源编码设计（Kraft不等式，紧致编码，Huffman 和LZW压缩编码）以及差错控制信道码的设计与分析（海明距离，二元线性码，奇偶校验矩阵，海明码，校验和，循环码，生成多项式和CRC码）。

Firstly, the research studies the coding rule of the PDF417 barcode and designs related computer code algorithm, with making it programmed, and completes the coding part of the system software. Next, the coding and decoding principle of Reed-Solomon error-correcting code is briefly introduced. According to thecoding and decoding principle in galois field GF(929), to analyze and study its practical application with emphasis in this topic. Then, the PDF417 barcode decoding process is analyzed and studied detailed according to the barcode coding principle, with the corresponding realization method designed, improving the design in theory aspect by using material example, at the same time programming the design method to complete the decoding part of the system. Finally, validated the system program in the practical application of image information aspect, by using the nonrepeatability and the randomicity characteristic of Julia mark shape artwork.

本课题首先研究PDF417条码的编码规则并设计相关的计算机编码算法使其程序化，完成系统软件的编码部分；其次，简要介绍Reed—Solomon错误控制码的编码与译码原理，在伽罗瓦域GF(929)内根据其编译码的原理重点分析与研究其在本课题中的实际应用；然后根据条码的编码原则对PDF417条码的译码过程进行详细的分析与研究，并设计出相应的实现方法，利用具体实例对设计方法进行理论方面的实践同时将设计方法程序化完成系统软件的译码部分；最后利用Julia集分形图形的不可重复性和随机性的特点对系统软件在图像信息方面的实际应用进行了验证。

Sain Mongolian coding used is based on the UNICODE of of coding, code conversion of Mongolian Mongolian converted standard encoding to be used in the process of being submitted for approval Mongolian national standard codes.

赛音蒙古文编码采用的是基于UNICODE的形码编码方案，蒙古文编码转换研究转换后的蒙古文标准编码拟采用正在报批过程中的蒙古文国家标准编码。

The method of the invention comprises the steps as follows: step 1: each frame of image is divided into N areas according to the sequence of coding and the bit flow length of each area after coding is recorded; step 2: according to the comparison result between the bit flow length of the coded area and a prearranged gate limit, the number of non-zero DCT coefficients of non-coded areas allowed in the coding process is adjusted.

本发明提供一种码率控制方法及控制装置，方法包括：步骤一、对于每帧图象，都按照编码的先后顺序划分为N个区域，并记录每个区域编码后的码流长度；步骤二、根据已编码区域的码流长度与预定门限的比较结果，来调整未编码区域在编码过程中所允许的非零DCT系数的个数。

This algorithm codes level and run separately using inerratic code tables. All code words could be obtained through a few simple calculations avoiding the look-up table. The methods to code run are classified according to the known coding information, which improves the compression efficiency.

该算法利用规则码表编码对level和run独立编码；所有的码字可以通过简单的计算获得，避免了查表过程；新算法根据已有编码信息对run进行分类编码，从而提高了编码效率。

The nature of data redundance in image and the fundamental approaches to compression are analyzed briefly.

提出和讨论了算术编码的分析性质，包括算术编码的区间套性质、算术编码的收敛性以及串的算术编码数和算术编码映射的概念。

In this thesis, first, we present the acquisition theory of conventional spreadspectrum communication system and the theory of SESS system.

本文首先对扩频通信系统编码同步的理论、自编码直接序列扩频通信的原理、自编码扩频序列的产生方法及其统计特性进行概述，然后详细讨论了自编码扩频通信的编码同步捕获问题。

Targets are extracted from the images according to their size, shape, intensity, etc. An improved method to identify every coded target is proposed. The gray scale centroid algorithm is applied to get subpixel locations of both uncoded and coded targets.

该算法首先根据标记点的尺寸、形状、灰度变化及位置分布等特征提取目标；然后利用非编码元与编码元的不同形状与灰度特征，提出一种改进的编码元自动身份识别方法，同时实现非编码元与编码元的分类；最后采用质心法进行标记点的精确定位，达到亚像素精度。

On the basis of understanding all kinds of ceding techniques, the system choose DCT technique.

在进行变换域系数编码中，考虑到空间图象传输中信道噪声的影响，本系统没有采用一般压缩编码中常用的Huffsman编码，游程编码和DPCM技术，而是选用了区域编码，分配固定比特的方法，经过分析这种方案的抗噪声能力较强。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了