综合指标

In the process of establishing audit quality appraisal index system, this article decomposes it. According to the appraisal index system principle, it proposes audit quality synthesis appraisal index system of accounting firms by two levels and has determined the weight of each index using Analytic Hierarchy Process.

在构建审计质量评价指标体系的过程中，本文将会计师事务所审计质量进行层层分解，遵循评价指标体系的构建原则，提出了由一级指标和二级指标构成的会计师事务所审计质量综合评价指标体系，并利用层次分析法确定了各项指标的权重。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

Aiming at some problems of oil﹠gas drilling safety assessment methods, such as bad cooperation, not scientific of general judgment, not comprehensive or exact of the index contents and so on, considering the wide meaning, complex, high chiasma and faintness of oil﹠gas drilling process safety assessment index and the complexity of the assessment system itself and the particularity of hoisting system, this paper mainly studies on safety assessment indexes system and safety assessment method of oil﹠gas drilling hoisting system process .

针对目前油气钻井作业安全评价分析方法的配合性差、综合评判的科学性不强、评价指标反映的内容不全面和不准确等问题，并考虑到油气钻井作业安全评价指标体系中评价指标含义面广、交叉性和模糊性强，以及评价指标体系结构自身的复杂性和油气钻井作业八大系统中起升系统作业的特殊性，本论文重点对油气钻井起升系统作业安全评价指标体系及安全评价分析方法进行了研究。

Based on these and absorption of the foreign company performance results, the thesis combines the theory and the method to analyze the performance of electronic component manufacturing industry enterprises. Based on the analyzing system enterprise performance system in and abroad, the paper raises innovational achievement indexes and evolutional indexes of company performance as to the default of the electronic component manufacturing industry. The paper builds the hierachical clusteing method and bivariate correlations to choose the best evolutional indexes of company performance in order to avoid multicolinearity. The paper proposes the synthetic evaluating method principal component analysis with weighted variable by analytical process. Then, the paper applies the method to analyze the performance of 28 companies of electronic component manufacturing industry.

基于此，在消化吸收国外有关企业绩效评价方面的成果的基础上，针对企业绩效评价的缺陷，本文提出了企业绩效评价的成长性指标和价值性指标；针对改进的AHP与PCA，本文提出了改进的AHP加权主成分分析方法；由于指标之间可能存在着多重共线性，本文运用系统聚类分析与相关分析对企业绩效的成长性指标与价值性指标进行选取；运用改进的AHP加权主成分分析方法与因子分析对电子元器件制造业的28家上市公司进行实证分析，并验证本文提出的综合评价方法的优越性；本文运用灰色模糊评价方法对28家上市公司绩效的非财务指标进行评价；最后，给出相关的结论与建议。

TIA as one project examination and approval procedures , need its corresponding examination and approval index, author from system appraisal angle , divide every index to TIA into four kinds according to their appraisable characteristic, namely basic background index, ensuring supply index, appraising the influencing index and improving synthetically index.

交通影响评价作为一项工程审批程序，需要有其对应的审批指标，作者从系统评价角度，将交通影响评价的各项指标按其评价特点分为四类：基础背景性指标、保障供给性指标、评价影响性指标和综合改善性指标。

Secondly, it construes the factors influencing the performance of private listed companies. Finally, on the basis of the performance management mechanism of generic listed companies, it discusses the unique and inherent performance management mechanism of private listed companies.

在探讨民营企业上市公司绩效管理独特的内在机理基础上，结合民企上市公司的价值取向、综合评价指标的战略作用和设计原则，构建民营企业上市公司绩效综合评价指标体系，并对指标进行筛选和修正。

With this new model, index system is crated for evaluating level of comprehensive development of the central city.

本论文的主要工作是：从国内外中心城市综合发展水平的理论研究成果出发，探讨中心城市综合发展水平的基本内涵；分析总结了影响中心城市综合发展水平的因素，构建了中心城市综合发展水平的理论框架，建立了中心城市综合发展水平评价的指标体系；选用主成分分析法对陕西省10个地级中心城市综合发展水平进行了分析，并从整体发展战略和自身发展战略两个角度对如何提升陕西省中心城市综合发展水平进行了论述。

Based on the theories of sustainable development,index system of forest resources sustainable management and comprehensive evaluation of urban forest,the index system of measure the urban forest sustainable development have been put forward.

在可持续发展理论、森林资源可持续经营指标体系研究及城市森林综合评价指标体系研究的基础上，提出衡量城市森林可持续发展的指标体系框架，设计城市森林可持续发展的综合评价方法。

The results of comprehensive evaluation indicated that there existed significant variation for the soil fertility of Guiyang tobacco-growing area.

对湖南省桂阳县烟区的345个土壤样品、9项土壤养分指标进行了测定，确定了各指标所属的隶属函数类型及其阈值，采用偏相关分析法求得各指标的权重，运用加乘法算出各土样的土壤肥力综合指标值，进而对桂阳县植烟土壤适宜性进行了综合评价。

Based on the index weight indicators and benchmarks,the paper discusses the design principles and ideas of establishing evaluation index system for recycling economy,establishes evaluation index calculation method of cleaner production in aluminum industrial enterprises in order to reach the following indic...

从确定指标权重以及指标基准值的角度入手，探讨了循环经济评价指标体系的设计原则、构建思路；给出了铝工业企业清洁生产评价指标的考核评分的计算方法，得出了铝行业企业的生产系统评价指数、企业综合评价指数；构建了电解铝行业循环经济的评价指标体系，并详细分析每个指标，为铝行业发展循环经济提供了参考依据和理论借鉴。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。