综合

The former three chapters are about theoretical research, and the forth chapter is about empirical research. The theoretical research part generalizes the theoretical basis, theoretical model and the concept of city competitiveness both at home and abroad. According to these theories, the paper introduces the complete and explicit definition of city competitiveness and brings in a new city competitiveness model .The paper emphasizes on empirical research using the data in 2004 as sample, whose objects are ten big cities:Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Chongqing and Chengdu. Firstly, on the basis of mean square deviation method, it finds out both the scores of integrated competitiveness of cities and other factors, based on that analyze the relationship between them. And then the paper computes the scores of competitiveness of cities above by principal component analysis and sorts out them for assessment.

理论研究部分主要是概括的叙述了城市竞争力研究的理论基础和理论模型及国内外城市竞争力的概念，在此基础之上对城市竞争力给出了完整明确的定义，并提出了新的城市竞争力模型；全文的重点在实证分析部分，实证分析是以广州、深圳、天津、沈阳、大连、南京、杭州、武汉、重庆、成都10个城市为研究对象，以其2004年的数据为样本，首先用均方差的方法计算各城市综合竞争力与各要素竞争力的得分，以此来分析综合竞争力与各要素竞争力之间的关系，然后采用因子分析的方法计算2004年各城市综合竞争力的得分并给出排序进行评价。

Based on the system method and multivariate statistics, the changes of soil quality during soil formation on expressway slope are evaluated.

综合考虑了土壤物理、化学和生物因子，建立了土壤质量综合评价指标体系，并利用多元统计方法，对人工植被建立过程中土壤质量的变化进行了综合评价。

Later, after the completion of the modern synthesis, the term neo-Darwinism would come to be associated with its core concept of evolution being driven by natural selection acting on variation produced by genetic mutation and recombination.

后来，现代综合论完成之后，新达尔文主义观念才与现代综合论的核心概念相结合。现代综合论的核心概念是，自然选择作用于基因突变和重组所产生的变异，驱动了进化。

The frequency of this synthesizer can be changed from 405700.0000Hz to 405799.9999Hz with a minimum step frequency of 1 ×10-4Hz. The measured results show that nonharmonic interrelated spurious output of the synthesizer is less than -85dB.

该综合器的非谐波相关的寄生输出小于-85dB，频率的短期稳定度是2.07×10~(-11)/0.1s、2.48×10~(-12)/1s、2.88×10~(-13)/10s；当温度由20℃变至40℃时，综合器相位漂移Δφ=28.8°；当电源电压为+16V～+19V或+5V～+6V时，综合器输出相位不变。

It combines the descriptive statistics analysis and samples paired T test to compare the comprehensive evaluation values which are from the SPSS statistical tool.

通过应用由SPSS统计工具运算得到的样本综合评价值，本文综合描述性统计分析和样本配对T检验对样本并购前后综合评价值进行比较分析。

So this paper selects national debts as our studying objects. By using principal component analysis method to study the zero coupon yield curve, we find that the movement of the curve yield can be simulated by two factors mostly, that is parallel shift and rotation. Then we quantitative them and get "synthetic parallel shift" and "synthetic rotation".

因而，本文选择了国债作为研究对象，对国债的即期收益率曲线进行主成分分析的结果表明，收益率曲线变动的总体方差绝大部分来自于两个因子的贡献，即水平因子和倾斜因子，本文对这两个因子进行量化处理，得到"综合的平移"和"综合的倾斜"，并在此基础上建立了两综合因子法对债券组合的VaR估值模型。

In order to control potato late blight effectively, the authors researched and analyzed the status,problems and methods on the integrated control of potato late blight in Weichang County, which is one of the most important potato growing area in China,on the basis of nature advantage,production advantage and technology advantage of the county.

为了有效地防治马铃薯晚疫病，利用全国马铃薯重点基地县———河北省围场县马铃薯晚疫病综合防治方面的自然优势、规模优势和技术优势，分析了该县马铃薯晚疫病综合防治的现状、存在的问题及应采取的对策，从实践中总结了一套较为有效的马铃薯晚疫病综合防治技术。

This article that focuses on the systematic and in-depth research in the current primal problem about abnormal burst pressure reservoir depress burst pressure has procured following main fruits:1 It forms the method which could obtain massive vertical static state mechanics parameters.2 In a foundation of acquisition of rock mechanics parameters,apply bent lamella that as mechanical model along with characteristic of actual geologic characteristics to analysis curvature for anticlinal strcture, get homologous tectonic stress value throug relation between the curvature and stress and different principal curvature in anticlinal structure,consequently set up laminational stress model for anticline reservoir. The block lamination for existed fracturing date has formed method of setting up mechanical model of lamination terrestrial stress by abtaining the block tectonic stress coefficients which are got by complex utilization test, laboratory test and fracturing date playback.3 Analysesing the main reason which lead to high burst pressure by considering the characteristic of reservoir geology,reservoir,and rock mechanics and reservoir damage,etc.Establishing burst pressure quantitative prediction model which provide gist for depressing construction risk and optimizing construction craft under the condition of open hole completion ,gun-perforated completion and damaged reservoir.4 Provding theoretical basis for interpreting acidification pretreatment which could depress busrt pressure by finding the relation between the influencing factors and rock machanics parameters and analysing the factors that have effect on rock mechanics parameters. Expounding the mechanism of reaction of mixed monomineral and acid from the angle of microcosmic element, evaluating quantitatively acid sensilility of different kinds of mineral effectively, and determing the first-order reaction dynamical equation of each mineral.5 Revealing rock mechanics property chage as a result of acid flooding in different condition by sandstone traumata experiment in different temperatures which combined with rock mechanics triaxial stress experiment.6 Associating damage mechanics with sandstone acidizing, established sandstone damage mechanics model in the foundation of the recognition on the rock mechanics parametric variation which is caused by acid-rock reaction in both macroscopic view and microscopic view ,also demonstrated those processes and quantitative estimated the acid busrt pressure to direct the site operation.

本文针对目前异常破裂压力储层降低破裂压力的主要问题展开较为系统和深入的研究，取得了以下主要成果：1形成了利用测井资料，结合室内岩芯测试结果，获取静动岩石力学参数的相关性特征，从而获得纵向上大量静态力学参数的方法。2在获取了岩石力学参数的此基础上，利用弯曲薄板作为力学模型，结合区块实际地质特征对背斜构造进行曲率分析，通过曲率与应力的关系，利用背斜构造不同部位的主曲率求得相应的构造应力值，从而建立起背斜储层的分层应力模型；对已有压裂资料的区块分层，形成了综合利用测试、室内实验、压裂资料反演获得该区块构造应力系数，建立起分层地应力的力学模型的方法。3综合考虑储层地质、油藏、岩石力学特性和储层伤害等因素，分析造成高破裂压力的主要原因，综合利用岩石力学、弹性力学等知识，建立了裸眼完井、射孔完井条件下以及储层受到伤害后的储层破裂压力定量预测模型，为降低施工风险和优化施工工艺提供了依据。4完成了物性、岩性影响岩石力学参数的因素分析，找出了各影响因素和岩石力学参数之间的关系，为从机理上解释酸化预处理降低破裂压力提供了理论基础；从微观元素的角度阐述了单矿物与酸反应的机理；并在此基础上，有效评价了各种矿物的酸敏感性，定量确定了岩石中各矿物的一级反应动力学方程。5完成了不同温度下的酸液类型、酸液浓度、注酸量等一系列砂岩损伤实验，结合岩石力学三轴应力实验，系统揭示了在不同条件下注酸而引起的岩石力学性质变化。6将损伤力学与砂岩酸化相结合，在宏观、微观两个方面认识酸岩反应引起岩石力学参数变化基础上，建立了砂岩损伤力学模型，并对其进行验证，在此基础上定量计算酸化后的破裂压力，有效指导现场施工

If the pertubation factors in judgments are stochastic,it was proved in this paper that the matrix of GMJ will converge in probability at a consistent positive reciprocal matrix whose vector of priorities is just the geometric mean of the vectors of p...

如果判断矩阵的干扰因子是随机的，文章证明了几何平均综合矩阵将依概率收敛于一个一致性的正互反矩阵，其排序向量刚好是各判断矩阵的几何平均综合排序向量。无疑这对于在群组决策时几何平均综合判断矩阵法的使用是重要的。

By making use of contraction mapping principle and similar matrices and graphical method ,this paper discusses some methods of asking its limit in accordance with recurrent sequence of number.3. The criteria whether Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ types of crank-rocker mechanisms exist are given and the graphical method of synthesizing crank-rocker mechanisms with quick return characteristics are proposed.

针对目前具有急回特性的曲柄摇杆机构综合中存在的不足，对这类机构的图解法综合进行了深入的探讨，得到了行程速比系数和摇杆摆角取不同值时，Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型曲柄摇杆机构是否有解的判据，并给出用图解法综合具有急回特性的曲柄摇杆机构的方法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。