维持

It is learnt that the community in our province of drug treatment from June 2004 has been officially launched so far, there have been 54 community drug methadone maintenance therapy clinic Kaizhen According to statistics, from four years of out-patient situation, there are Nearly 10,000 "drug addicts" access to methadone maintenance therapy.

据悉，我省社区药物维持治疗工作从2004年6月正式启动以来，到目前为止，已相继有54个美沙酮社区药物维持治疗门诊开诊，据统计，从四年的门诊情况看，目前已有近10000名"瘾君子"获得美沙酮维持治疗。

Based on the eco- environment function, confirmed the constitution of eco- environment water demand(including the inside of the watercourse.and the ecological water demand of the outside of the watercourse such as ecological water demand of economical crop, of lake or reservoir and of cities.).③Analyzing the physical geography, hydrography, economy characteristic and water resource status, getting the proper calculation method. The Tennant applied to the eco- environment water demand of inside of the watercourse, woodland minmum eco- environment water demand calculation method applied to the eco- environment water demand of woodland, water ration method applied to farmland the eco- environment water demand, water evaporation method applied to the reservoir eco- environment water demand.

本文以流域生态环境需水为主要研究对象，因此重点阐述了流域生态环境需水量的分类和计算方法；②通过分析流域生态系统构成与流域生态环境功能，并分时段和河段考虑，确定了桃花江流域生态环境需水量的组成，即包括维持现状河道生态环境功能现状的现状生态环境需水量与流域生态环境改善的生态环境需水量，前者包括河道内生态环境需水量(维持河道基本生态功能需水量、维持河道自净稀释功能需水量、补充地下水水量及美化流域景观娱乐需水)与河道外生态环境需水量(流域内植被、森林、农田的需水量和与河道相连的池塘、水库等的需水量)；后者还包括为治理改善流域生态环境而拟规划林业生态建设所需水量；③对桃花江流域的自然地理、水文地质和社会经济特征以及水资源现状及其主要生态环境问题进行了综合分析，提出了适合桃花江流域的生态环境需水量计算方法，即采用Tennant法计算河道内生态环境需水量，采用林地最小生态环境需水量法计算林地生态环境需水量，采用需水定额法计算农田生态环境需水量，采用水面蒸发法计算水库、池塘生态环境需水量。

All individuals who began with 13 u/h/kg and ajusted dosage according to Raschke nomogram suceed in 76%,96% and 100% of rate to reach APTT target on 24h, 48h and 72h seperately.

各种维持量中，实际维持量介于11~13 u/h/kg的患者在24h与72h内所占比例分别为37%与32%；使用11~13 u/h/kg维持剂量者首日达标率75%，次日为100%。

This paper has studied the physiological and biochemical changes during the period of forming strong buds of tree peony, and expect to provide academic basis for extending its view value and economic benefit . The main results are as the following:1 Under the field condition, Characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony are very regular. From before blooming to the prophase of abducting buds that after blooming ,that is April,May and June,the net photosynthetic rate of tree peony is higher than the other period .It indicates that this period is very important for accumulating photosynthetic products of tree peony . So, if we want to get quality flower of tree peony ,it is very important to strengthen the management of tree peony cultivation and to ensure provide the fertilizer and water.2 From the middle ten days of June, with the time elapsing and with the environment conditions worsening, the characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony decline deeply. But it is different among different tree peony breeds. For example , cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng can also has higher net photosynthetic rate, it indicates that cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng is super than the other two tree peony breeds when adapting the environment conditions and cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng has wide prospect to extend .3 The main factors of effecting the characteristics of photosynthesis are stomatal factor and non-stomatal factor ,that is the ability of photosynthesis of leaf cells. Under the environment of high light intensity in midsummer, if overshadow tree peony properly, then it can slow the declining of chlorophyll content, and increase the net photosynthetic rate and benefit for the accumulating of photosynthetic products.4 The content of soluble sugar in the root of tree peony is the highest among different organs during the period of forming strong buds . According to analyse ,we believe that the soluble sugar will compose starch then, and provide the solid base of material for the growth and development next year. It provide us strong academic basis of adopting the method of cultivating root and protecting root under thefield environment conditions .In other words ,it will help to increase the health level of the whole plant of tree peony and will be beneficial to forming quality tree peony flower if we strengthen the management of root. 5 To tree peony, the endogenesis hormone is important for its growth and development .In the prophase ,that is about the blooming of tree peony and the mid-summer ,IAA and ZR contents are higher and GA content is lower and its changes are very little, and the content of ABA is decreasing . This indicates that IAA and ZR act the important promote function for growth and development of tree peony in this period, and the function of GA is not important. Bur in the period of anniversary senescence of tree peony , the content of IAA and ZR begin to decrease ,while the ABA content has a certain rebound .T

本研究对几个牡丹品种壮芽形成过程中的某些生理生化变化做了研究，以期了解牡丹生长发育过程中生理生化的变化规律，探讨大田栽培条件下提高牡丹花质量的栽培措施和管理技术，为提高牡丹的观赏价值和经济效益提供理论依据，结果如下：1 大田栽培条件下，牡丹光合特性在生长发育过程中表现出极强的规律性，牡丹各品种的光合速率从牡丹开花前，到牡丹花谢后的花芽诱导期前期（6月10日之前），也就是在4、5、6月份，各牡丹品种的净光合速率相对与其他时间都维持在比较高的水平，这说明，在这段时间，是牡丹光合产物积累的重要时期，因此，要保证得到高质量的牡丹花，在这段时间加强对牡丹的栽培管理，保证这个时期的肥水供应十分重要。2 从6月中旬后，随时间的推移，环境条件的恶化，牡丹的光合性能剧烈下降，但是不同牡丹品种间仍有差异，比如，乌龙捧盛仍可维持较高的光合水平，这说明了乌龙捧盛这个牡丹品种对于环境的适应性较之其他牡丹品种高，有着广泛的推广前景。3 影响牡丹光合性能的主要因子是气孔因素和非气孔因素即叶肉细胞的光合能力，在盛夏高温高光强的环境条件下，对牡丹进行适当遮荫，能缓解牡丹叶绿素水平的下降，适当提高Pn，有利于光合产物的积累。4 可溶性糖在牡丹各品种的壮芽形成过程中，根中可溶性糖的含量在牡丹各部位中始终维持最高水平，分析认为这些可溶性糖在根系中进一步合成淀粉等储藏性物质，为来年牡丹的生长提供雄厚的物质基础，这为我们在大田栽培条件下对牡丹采取养根护根的栽培措施提供了有力的理论依据，即在大田栽培条件下，加强对牡丹根系的管理，有助于提高牡丹整株的健壮程度，有益于形成高质量的牡丹花。5内源激素对牡丹的生长发育调节作用是十分明显的，在前期，即开花前后和盛夏，IAA和ZR含量维持在比较高的水平，GA含量低且变化不明显，ABA含量逐渐降低，说明了IAA和ZR对牡丹在这段时间内的生长发育起到重要的促进作用，GA的作用不是很明显，ABA可能在高温高光强下有明显的升高，也说明了ABA的确有一些促进作用，但是到了牡丹周年衰老期，IAA和ZR的含量开始下降，ABA含量却有了一定程度的反弹，说明了IAA和ZR的作用开始降低，ABA起到了促进衰老的作用

It is also revealed that in the vicinity of heavy rain, the diagnostic fields such as vorticity and divergence at low levels was coordinated to that at high levels of atmosphere, contributing to the sustaining strong updraft, one of the favorable conditions for occurrence and persistence of the rain.

通过对这次过程中的物理量场的特征分析和能量场的分析发现，在暴雨区附近，涡度、散度等物理量场的高低空配置，有利于维持较强的垂直速度，对暴雨的产生和维持有利：低空急流的存在为暴雨提供了充沛的水汽条件；暴雨区维持的一个高能、饱和、潜在不稳定的环境为暴雨的产生提供了不稳定的能量条件。

The loading process of trehalose has no effect on apoptosis of platelets. The efficacy of trehalose plus phosphate in suppressing apoptosis of platelets during cryopreservation is superior to that of only trehalose. Compared to 6% DMSO and 2% DMSO plus TS, trehalose plus phosphate can retain the same platelet count, superior hypotonic shock response and platelet aggregatory reaction to ADP, and lower apoptosis rate of platelets. Platelets cryopreserved with trehalose plus phosphate can retain intact ultrastructure.

结论血小板负载海藻糖的过程不会促进血小板的凋亡；海藻糖保存血小板时，联合应用磷酸盐在抑制血小板凋亡方面的效果优于单独应用海藻糖；海藻糖联合磷酸盐冻存血小板的长期效果较稳定，其维持血小板回收率的效果与6%DMSO及2% DMSO联合TS相同，维持血小板低渗休克反应、聚集功能及抑制血小板凋亡的效果优于6%DMSO及2%DMSO联合TS，并能较好地维持血小板的超微结构。

Result Wild castor preformed better in halophilism than that of cultivar castor Zibi 6 under the NaCl treatment. One of the salt tolerant mechanisms of castor is to improve K(superscript +) uptake and transport to overground portion, thus to maintain K(superscript +)/Na(superscript +) homeostasis in leaves; on the other hand, the high stability of Photoreaction System Ⅱ plays a key role in maintaining the leaf photosynthetic rate under salt stress.

结果］野生蓖麻较栽培蓖麻具更明显的喜盐特性；蓖麻的耐盐机制在于促进K的吸收和向地上部的运输，进而维持叶片的K/Na平衡；通过维持光系统Ⅱ的稳定性进而维持盐胁迫下叶片的光合速率。

Hemadynamics changing during the induction and maintenance phase, doses of propofol and atracurium, spontaneous breath recovery time, awake time, time of endotracheal tube extubation and side-effect were investigated and compared. Results There were no significant differences in doses of propofol and atracurium between two groups.

选择ASA 分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级择期在颈丛复合全身麻醉下行甲状腺次全切除术病人40例，随机分为瑞芬太尼组及芬太尼组，R组采用瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚诱导和维持麻醉，F组采用芬太尼和丙泊酚诱导和维持麻醉，观察并比较两组病人麻醉诱导及维持期血流动力学的变化、术中丙泊酚和阿曲库铵的用量、术毕停药后病人自主呼吸恢复时间、清醒时间、拔管时间以及苏醒期不良反应等。

Methods Forty ASAⅠ-Ⅱpatients scheduled for elective thyroidectomy under cervical plexus block combined with general anesthesia were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: group remifentanil and group fentanyl. Group R were induced and maintained with remifentanil and propofol, while group F with fentanyl and propofol. Hemadynamics changing during the induction and maintenance phase, doses of propofol and atracurium, spontaneous breath recovery time, awake time, time of endotracheal tube extubation and side-effect were investigated and compared. Results There were no significant differences in doses of propofol and atracurium between two groups.

选择ASA 分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级择期在颈丛复合全身麻醉下行甲状腺次全切除术病人40例，随机分为瑞芬太尼组及芬太尼组，R组采用瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚诱导和维持麻醉，F组采用芬太尼和丙泊酚诱导和维持麻醉，观察并比较两组病人麻醉诱导及维持期血流动力学的变化、术中丙泊酚和阿曲库铵的用量、术毕停药后病人自主呼吸恢复时间、清醒时间、拔管时间以及苏醒期不良反应等。

In conclusion, our studies indicated that, by reducing the concentration of corticoid, increasing the GH concentration, dietary glutamine could maintain the N balance in the body, induce the intestinal glutamine extraction from blood, maintain the glutamine store in muscle tissue and plasma, decrease the glutamine flux from muscle tissue and protein catabolism. As the key fuel of intestinal mucosa and lymphocytes, exogenous glutamine maintained the intestinal structure, function and the CD4〓/CD8〓 ratio. In addition, glutamine normalized the SIgA containing cells'quantity and distribution through stimulating the IL-6 gene expression.

综合分析本研究的试验结果，我们认为，日粮中的外源性Gln可通过降低断奶应激后血清中皮质醇浓度，升高生长激素的浓度维持体内N的平衡，降低肠粘膜细胞从血浆中摄取的Gln，减少骨骼肌蛋白质的分解，维持骨骼肌和血浆中Gln浓度，维持淋巴细胞亚群中CD4〓/CD8〓比例；提供肠粘膜细胞能源和代谢的前体，维持肠粘膜正常的屏障结构和功能，通过刺激IL-6的表达，维持肠粘膜中SIgA分泌细胞的数量和肠道的局部免疫功能，并最终提高断奶仔猪的生产性能和抗病能力。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。