维护成本

The research results suggest that:(1)the factors influence the control of IOR including economic,social and technological factors;(2)the application of interorganizational systems should focus on both technological and non-technological factors;(3)the stronger dependency between organizations, the more effective of the IOS reducing the coordination costs;(4)usually the investment of firms in interorganizational relationship is reciprocal;(5)the appicaton of IT changes the dependency between organizations, which should modify the coordination mechanism, resulting in the change of IOR;(6)the coordination cost affects the effectiveness of coordination among firms;(7) maintaining the interorganizational relationship influences the firms'' network life cycle and matureness;(8)both coordination cost and network size of firms affect sharing mechanisn of the costs and benefits for creating and maintaining interoganizational relationship;(9) the influence of coordination costs to the allocation of super profits deriving from interorganizational relationship is depent on the network topology;(10) the core firm in a network prefer the symmetric network.

我们的研究成果表明：（1）影响管理与控制IOR治理结构的因素有经济因素、社会学因素以及技术因素；（2）在应用组织际信息系统时，要同时关注技术和非技术的影响因素；（3）当组织之间存在较强的依赖关系时，组织际信息系统的应用能够有效减少组织之间的协调成本；当组织之间的依赖关系较弱时，组织际信息系统的应用会加深组织之间被对方侵占的风险，无法显著地减少组织际协调成本；（4）在通常情况下，参与组织际关系的成员的投资是互补的；（5）IT的应用会改变组织间的相互依赖性，组织应调整协调机制，而协调机制的变化会改变IOR；（6）协调成本的大小对协调有效性有着很大影响；（7）组织际关系的维护影响组织网络的生命周期和成熟度；（8）影响组织际关系建立和维护的成本分担和利益共享方案的因素不仅仅跟协调成本有关，而且还与网络规模有关；（9）在对称网络拓扑结构与非对称网络拓扑结构下，协调成本对超额回报分配的影响是不同的；（10）核心企业倾向于选择非对称的网络结构。

The demerits of the pre-investment and maintenance costs too high or precision too low to traditional crosshatching process are conquered. The new crosshatching technology on polyimide flexible substrate can be applied in the small and high-density FPCB products that have high added value.

该方法克服了传统的开窗口工艺具有的先期投入和维护成本高、精度不够的缺点，可以完成高附加值的小型、高密度的挠性电路板的生产。

Compared to the current technology, the invention sharply increases the efficiency of the path from end to end configuration under the same complex network construction, improves extend of automation and deceases the maintenance cost.

本发明所述方法与现有技术相比，在同等复杂组网的条件下大大提高路径端到端配置的效率，提高了自动化程度，降低了维护成本。

The Direct-Driven variable speed constant frequency wind generation system takes low speed PM generator as the generator,and it has the advantage of no gearbox,low mechanical loss,high efficiency,low maintenance cost.

直驱型变速恒频风力发电系统采用低速永磁同步发电机结构，无需齿轮箱，机械损耗小，运行效率高，维护成本低。

The implementation of on-line monitoring of oil-dissolved gas for transformer tap changing switch contributes to correctly judge the faulty condition and extending trend of tap changing switch, to reduce the maintenance cost of tap changing switch as well as to improve the operational security and reliability of transformer.

对变压器分接开关实施油中溶解气体的在线监测，有助于正确判断分接开关的故障状态和发展趋势，降低分接开关的维护成本，并提高变压器运行的安全性和可靠性。

Firstly, we propose solid-state continue-wave laser to crystallized poly-Si films, the distinction of excimer laser, CW-laser possessed high stability, reliability, durable and low-cost. In this way, we used laser scanning speed and energy to analysis a status of grain lateral growth and crystallizes mechanism for various condition, furthermore, we succeed to crystallize great grain size more than 10 μm. To compare excimer laser crystallization and Sequential lateral solidification, CW-laser don't needed extra procedure to carrier out large grain size.

首先，吾人提出有别於传统准分子雷射结晶技术的固态连续波雷射横向再结晶技术，固态连续波雷射具有高稳定的特性且相较於准分子雷射具有可靠、耐用、价廉且维护成本低的优点，在此我们利用不同的扫描速度与雷射能量，分析出在不同条件下的横向结晶状态与其成长机制，并且成功的成长出大於10 μm的晶粒大小，相较於准分子雷射结晶与循序性侧向结晶，固态连续波雷射不需额外的步骤即可达成大晶粒成长。

They believe the simpler new reactors, withtheir longer lifespans and reduced maintenance costs, will also improve theeconomics of the industry.

他们相信简单的新式反应堆寿命更长，维护成本更低，促进了工业经济的发展。

We pioneered many innovations such as forged valves to 26 to resolve external and internal leakage, extend service life, reduce maintenance and are offering emission free valves warrantees superior to other valve manufacturers.

我们在许多创新方面处于领先地位，如通径达DN650的锻造阀门，有利于解决内外泄漏，延长使用寿命，减少维护成本，并且正在提供无污染排放的阀门质量保证，这些都超过其他阀门制造商。

Ceilings should be ac-cessible for cleaning, and ideally, the surface should he coved where ceilings and walls meet In many food-production areas, the ceiling must have thermal in-sulation This may be necessary either to prevent surface condensation or to reduce the energy costs of maintaining low environmental temperaturesWalls should also be insulated, to prevent surface condensation They should be free from rising damp and be protected, where appropriate, from damage by forklift trucks, by use of a guard rail In modern factories, there is always a coved surface where walls meet the floor It is also usual for there to be a coved surface where walls join at right angles.

天花板应该交cessible清洗、最理想他表面复岩下天花板和墙壁应满足许多粮食产区，天花要有热的绝缘要么这可能需要防止或者减少表面凝结能源维护成本低，对环境温度也应绝缘墙壁、应防止表面凝结他们免于受到保护和潮湿上涨，酌情从叉车损坏，用现代铁工厂门卫、凡事总有复岩面墙那里迎接地板也是平日没有可能凡参加面复岩墙成直角。

The paper indicates that a certain power plant in Zhejiang does not prepare winding engine of pressure boost on desulfurization system and provides reduction of desulfurization resistance by using induced draft fan of boiler, predigests desulfurization system, reduces expenses of equipment and decreases maintenance costs for equipment operation.

本文介绍了浙江某发电厂的脱硫系统不配备增压风机，利用锅炉引风机提供脱硫阻力降，简化了脱硫系统，减少了设备购置费用，降低了设备运行维护成本。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。