维也纳文化的

The imperial seat of the Habsburg court since the 17th century, Vienna was one of the world's most powerful cities, both culturally and politically, until World War I, when the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire left it humbled by the redefinition of Europe's political structure.

哈里斯堡法院从17世纪，维也纳的皇家位子文化上和政治上是其中一个世界的最强有力的城市，直到第一次世界大战，当奥匈帝国帝国的溶解留给它贬低由欧洲的政治结构的重新解释。

Classical music, Western classical music generalized mean, those from the West since the Middle Ages, in the context of the European mainstream culture of music creation, mainly because of its complexity and diversity of creative technology and can carry a heavy connotation different from the popular music and folk Music, narrowly refers to classical music, is the 1750-1820 period in the European mainstream music, classical music, also known as the Vienna School.

别用翻译工具，意思大概差不多就可以了1。古典音乐，广义指西洋古典音乐，那些从西方中世纪开始至今的，在欧洲主流文化背景下创作的音乐，主要因其复杂多样的创作技术和所能承载的厚重内涵而有别于通俗音乐和民间音乐，狭义指的是古典主义音乐，是1750-1820年这一段时间的欧洲主流音乐，又称维也纳古典音乐派。

Musil's Vienna -- the times, the culture, the brooding baroque mise en scene -- was in many ways a filter for Riga, for the lives of my grandparents and, to a lesser degree, my parents in the childhoods I had dreamed for them.

穆西尔笔下的维也纳──特定的时代、特有的文化、浓郁的巴罗克式场景──从很多方面来说以精心筛选的方式映现了里加的风貌，折射了我祖父母的生活经历，也或多或少显露出我梦想中父母童年时代的情景。

In September 1981, he was invited by Center of U.S. China Arts Exchange to the United States, where he studied with Prof. Otto Muller of Yale University. In 1982, he successfully conducted at Aspen Festival in the United States. Commissioned by French Music Sound Records Corporation, he made the recording of Beethoven's Symphony No. 1 and No 4. From September 1983 to January 1985, he was involved in the production of the Song Cycle of Chinese Revolutions. Since 1985, he has toured Russia, Japan, Italy, the United States, Britain, Switzerland, South Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Thailand, Singapore, Australia and Germany, as well as such places as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. In January 1998 and February 1999, Chen Xieyang visited Austria, Germany, and Denmark with Central Nationalities Orchestra of China. He gave concerts on the New Year's Eve of the lunar calendar in the Golden Hall in Vienna, Berlin Philharmonic Hall and so on. In August 2000, with the Central Nationalities Orchestra of China Chen Xieyang participated in the project 'Chinese Culture Touring in the United States', during which they presented concerts in Lincoln Center.

1981年9月，陈燮阳应邀赴美国考察，师从耶鲁大学奥托·缪勒教授进修指挥课并指挥多个美国乐团演出。1982年他在美国阿思本音乐节指挥音乐节乐团获得成功。1983年8月，他应法国"音乐之声"唱片公司之约，指挥中央乐团录制了贝多芬的第一、第四交响曲。1983年9月至1985年1月，陈燮阳参加大型音乐舞蹈史诗《中国革命之歌》的指挥工作。1985年以来，陈燮阳先后赴前苏联、日本、意大利、美国、英国、瑞士、韩国、朝鲜、泰国、新加坡、澳大利亚、德国等国家和港、澳、台地区举办音乐会，均受到欢迎和赞誉。1998年1月和1999年2年，陈燮阳率中央民族乐团赴奥地利、德国、丹麦等地，在世界著名的维也纳金色大厅和柏林爱乐大厅以及其他城市音乐厅举办中国新年音乐会。2000年8月，他又率中央民族乐团赴美国参加"中华文化美国行"的巡回演出，其中包括在纽约著名的林肯艺术中心举办音乐会。

Richard: I'll tell you where I like the coffee culture, Vienna.

理查德：告诉你吧，我最喜欢维也纳的咖啡文化了。

And so on. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, then an independent Church Principality, though one that was culturally closely connected to Austria, and much of Mozart's career was spent in Vienna.

沃尔夫冈阿玛迪乌斯莫扎特出生于萨尔兹堡，尽管萨尔兹堡和奥地利有着密切的文化联系，但它当时是一个独立的教会统治区，莫扎特的大部分生平经历是在维也纳度过的。

It is at the markets that you will see Vienna at its most cosmopolitan as local, Eastern European, Oriental and Mediterranean cultures blend together to provide the customer with everything from Austrian fruits and vegetables to Persian caviar, from Japanese sushi to Indian tandoori chicken, from doner kebab to oysters and meat loaf.

只有在市场里，你才能看到维也纳最具国际化的风貌，因为当地文化在那里和东欧、东方以及地中海的文化结合到了一起，为顾客提供了各式各样的物品——从奥地利的水果和蔬菜到波斯的鱼子酱，从日本的寿司到印度的泥炉鸡，从烤肉串到牡蛎馅糕和肉馅糕。

In 1982 Chen was invited to conduct the Asben Festival Orchestra in America and was hailed as a success. In 1984, Chen was appointed President of Shanghai Symphony Orchestra, and two years later was appointed Music Director, the first music director of any performing groups in Chinese history. Since 1985, Chen has appeared in nations and regions including the former USSR, Japan, Italy, the USA, the Great Britain, Switzerland, Korea, the DPRK, Thailand, Singapore, Australia, Germany, Denmark, Austria, France, Spain, Russia, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, conducting native orchestras. In 1998, 1999, and 2000 he led the Central Chinese National Orchestra on its tours to many cities in Austria, Germany, Denmark. His concerts at the Grosser Saal Musikverein of Vienna and the Lincoln Center of New York have won enormous successes. In August, 2000, he led again the Central Chinese National Orchestra to perform in the "Chinese Culture in America" Festival, appearing in musical centers including the Lincoln Center.

上海音乐学院毕业后，曾任上海芭蕾舞团管弦乐队常任指挥。1982年他应邀在美国阿思本音乐节指挥音乐节乐团，大获成功。1984年出任上海交响乐团团长，1986年被任命为上海交响乐团音乐总监，成为中国文化发展史上第一位文艺院团的总监。1985年以来，陈燮阳先后赴苏联、日本、意大利、美国、英国、瑞士、韩国、朝鲜、泰国、新加坡、澳大利亚、德国、丹麦、奥地利、法国、西班牙、俄罗斯等国家和港、澳、台地区，指挥本团或当地著名乐团举办音乐会，均受盛赞。1998年1月和1999年2月，陈燮阳率中央民族乐团赴奥地利、德国、丹麦，在世界著名的维也纳金色大厅和柏林爱乐大厅，以及其他城市音乐厅举办中国新年音乐会。2000年8月，他又率中央民族乐团赴美国参加&中华文化美国行&的巡回演出，其中包括在纽约著名的林肯艺术中心举办音乐会。

Caldara entered the service of the Viennese court during a period of unknown peace and security which had lasted since the defeat of the Turks in 1683. 13 Vienna flourished and the Emperors Joseph I and Charles VI presided over a true Blütezeit or cultural blossoming.

卡尔达拉期间进入一个未知的和平与安全的了自1683年击败土耳其人持续期间，维也纳法院的服务。13维也纳蓬勃，皇帝约瑟夫一世和查尔斯六世，对一个真正的Blütezeit或文化开花主持。

The imperial seat of the Habsburg court since the 17th century, Vienna was one of the world's most powerful cities, both culturally and politically, until World War I, when the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire left it humbled by the redefinition of Europe's political structure.

皇室所在地的哈布斯堡法院自17世纪，维也纳是世界上最强大的城市，在文化上和政治上，直到第一次世界大战时，解散奥匈帝国离开受宠若惊重新确定欧洲的政治结构。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。