绪论的

Chapter one is "Introduction". On the basis of summarizing the history of the study of the pictophonetic characters, we suppose some theoretical principle, such as the principle of the correspondence between the form and the meaning of the individual graph of Chinese characters, the principle of the total graphs of Chinese characters being a character-formation system, and the principle of the optimum development of the character -formation system in the history, and som analytic methods, such as the methods of structrue-function analysis, form-position analysis and meaning factor analysis, in the study of the pictophonetic characters. Chapter two is titled"General knwledge of the pictophonetic character." We discuss their origins, nature and some standards of distingnishing them, introduce the knowledge about the editions of SHUO WEN JIE ZI, analyse the functions of the modules of pictophonetic characters in detail, discuss concretely the function of phonetic graphs showing origins and pronunciations, the function of meaning graphs showing meanings and analogies, and the function of distinguishment when the two kinds of graphs are conbined. Chapter three is"The system of meaning graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."After we describe the structure of the meaning graph system, the relations between meaning graphs, the distributions of the function of meaning graphs showing meanings, and the frequency of all this kind of graphs, we get a table of all meaning graphs, a table of the frequency. Chapter four is"The system of phonetic graphs of Xiao Zhuan system."We describe the structure of the phonetic graph system, the relations between phonetic graphs, and between their function showing origins and their function showing pronunciations, and their frequency, then we get ageneral table of phonetic graphs and table of their frequency. Chapter five is "conclusion". We think that systematical methodology is useful in describing and analysing the formation system of Chinese characters. The methodology is adaptable in describing the formation system of modern Chinese characters as well as the historical character systems, adaptable in describing horizontally as well as comparing vertically. Only when we finish the systematical vertical compare on the base of systematical horizontal decription, could we know the true history of the system of Chinese characters, recover the rule of the system's development, and supply the theoretical supports for the scientifical arrangement of modern Chinese characters.

第一部分—绪论，在总结形声字研究历史状况的基础上，提出了研究形声系统的理论原则和分析方法，即汉字个体字符形义统一的思想，汉字字符集合构形系统的思想，汉字构形系统历史演变系统优化的思想等三项理论原则和结构功能分析法，形位分析法，义素分析法等三种分析方法，还扼要地介绍了具体的工作程序和论文的主要内容；第二部分—形声字概述，论述了形声字的来源、性质和鉴别标准，介绍了对《说文解字》正篆形声字说解中的传抄讹误，版本异文，说解错误校勘和考证的经过，详细分析了形声字构件的功能，具体讨论了声符的示源功能与示音功能，义符的示意功能与类化功能以及声符与义符组合中的相互区别功能；第三部分—小篆字系的义符系统，从义符系统的构成、义符间的相互关系，义符示意功能的分布及义符的构字频度等不同侧面，对义符系统进行了全面的描写，产生了义符总表、义符间意义关系总表和义符构字频度总表；第四部分—小篆字系形声字的声符系统，从声符系统的构成、声符间的相互关系，声符的示源功能与示音功能的关系以及声符的构字频度等不同侧面，对声符系统进行了全面描写，产生了声符总表和声符构字频度总表；第五部分—结束语，在全面测查小篆字系形声字的基础上，对研究汉字的方法和现代汉字发展方向的问题提出了一些看法，认为系统论的方法是描写和分析汉字构形系统行之有效的方法，系统论方法，不仅适用于历史上文字系统的描写，也适用于现代汉字构形系统的描写，不仅适用了断代描写，也适用于历史比较，只有在对汉字断代系统描写的基础上进行系统的历史比较，才能认清汉字系统历史演变的真相，揭示汉字系统发展的客观规律，为科学地整理现代汉字提供理论上的依据。

Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.

绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病，不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病，在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况；这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是，单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%；并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且，这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后，而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖，遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以，白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。

The first part is an introduction, the main problem is to study and review; the second part is the system"s concept and the inquiry system"s historical evolution: the system"s connotation and the type activities division of letter and visit. The third part is the elementary theory : the system of letter and visit"s basis of the existence of china、the system of letter and visit functionas as well as the positioning function; The fourth part is the difficulies position and the reason analysis of the system of letter and visit under the background of social transformation; The fifth part is the imposible pathes of the rule of law choses in the transition period of letter and visit; the six part is the ending.

第一部分是绪论，主要是问题的提出和研究综述；第二部分是信访制度及其在中国发展的历史回顾：信访的内涵以及信访活动的类型划分、信访制度在中国发展的历史回顾；第三部分是信访制度的基本理论即信访制度在中国存在的基础、信访制度的功能以及功能的定位；在弄清以上两个问题特别是信访制度功能定位的基础上第四部分分析转型时期信访制度所面临的困境以及原因；第五部分是转型时期信访制度法治化的可能路径选择；第六部分是结束语。

This thesis introduces the architectural design of fire power plant and the aesthetic characteristic of main buildings in fire power plant.

全文以现实的态度，对火力发电厂建筑设计中的技术与艺术做了系统的阐述，第一章绪论提出课题的研究背景，以及研究的目的和意义；第二章介绍了火力发电厂的主要工艺流程及总平面设计；第三章阐述了火力发电厂的外部空间环境及建筑造型设计；第四章介绍了火力发电厂主要建构筑物的技术与艺术的美；第五章是结束语，其中包括火力发电厂建筑设计中存在的问题、针对问题的改进措施粗浅见解以及对火力发电厂建筑设计的发展趋势做出预测。

The first chapter introduces background、pursers and meaning、method、content and structure of this paper and the present conditions of current research. Some basic concepts are also defined in the first chapter; the second chapter systematically reviews the international market development theory, internationalization theory for enterprises based on technology, international risk prevention theory and other relevant theory. The third chapter introduces the current international operation condition of Chinese high-tech enterprises and analyzes the international operation character and motivation of these enterprises. Based on the analysis of the character of Chinese high-tech enterprises and the main elementary which will affect the entry-mode, the fourth chapter discusses the international strategy and the relevant entry-mode from the perception of resource. After selecting the suitable entry-mode, the fifth chapter discusses the problem of international risk. This discussion focuses on Chinese high-tech enterprises and establishes the risk prevention system, with the analysis of specific case. The last chapter summarizes the whole research content and brings forward the guidance for the deeper research.

第一章为绪论，介绍了论文的研究背景、目的与意义、研究方法、内容、框架以及研究的现状，还对本文的一些基本概念进行了界定；第二章系统回顾了开拓国际市场的理论、基于技术的发展中国家企业国际化理论以及国际风险理论等与本文相关的理论知识；第三章介绍了我国高新技术企业国际化经营的现状，并对其国际化经营的特征及动因进行了较为详细的分析；第四章在对我国高新技术企业的特点及影响其进入模式选择的主要因素分析的基础上，从资源角度探讨了其国际化战略及战略指导下的进入模式选择；第五章研究在选择了合适的进入模式之后，即将面对的国际风险问题，对我国高新技术企业的国际风险进行了聚焦，并构建了风险防范体系，还结合具体案例进行了探讨；第六章对研究的内容进行了总结，并指出了本研究的不足之处和进一步的研究方向。

Chapter Two is about the history of embroidery including the folk embroidery and the imperial embroidery with its' embroiderers, and symbolic culture of embroidery. Chapter Three is about the rising of Zhenhu embroidery and it's relations with Zhenhu embroiderers, including leaving the soil to acknowledge the masters as their teachers, then they establish shops in the town. Chapter Four is about the producing, dealings and expanding the market of embroidery, including how to produce, transport, sell the embroidery concretely and expand the embroidery market.

第一章绪论介绍了论文的选题由来、意义和写作方法；第二章是关于苏绣的历史考察，介绍苏绣由&民间绣&向&闺阁绣&再到&宫廷绣&的历史演变及其文化象征意义；第三章是绣女与镇湖刺绣业的兴起，介绍镇湖绣女从土地上走出来拜师学艺，再到镇上开店的经过；第四章是刺绣的生产、交易和市场的扩张，介绍绣品具体的加工、运输、销售，以及绣女开拓市场的整个过程；第五章是绣女的角色转换与社会分层，介绍开店绣女的身份转变及由农到&非农&的适应过程；第六章是绣女的生活世界，介绍绣女在刺绣工作之外的家庭生活、社会活动以及思想观念的变化。

This paper is divided into five parts: the first part focuses on the currentsituation of research, process of his thoughts and his determination to put it to practice.Thought this part, we can understand the background of his constitutional philosophy;In the second part, We recognize his ideological foundation, describe the awarenessand understanding of his culture about East and West, research his background of thecultures about East and West; In the third part, the writer discuss the history ofevolution about Zhang Junmai constitutional philosophy, describe the process, that isfrom Eucken's philosophy to kant's philosophy. In this process, we understand therole and significance of Zhang Junmai constitutional philosophy in building ademocratic constitutional government; Part IV , in which the writer describes thecharacteristics of Zhang Junmai constitutional philosophy, is important; In the end, thewriter thinks that Zhang Junmai political appeal hadn't achieved at the ideal result thathe expected, but, there were some reasonable factors contained in his thoughts, thatwhat we shouldn't be abandoned but be utilized and developed when constructing themodern nation.

本文主要分为五个部分，在绪论中主要叙述了张君劢宪政哲学思想之研究现状以及张君劢宪政思想历程，把张君劢的宪政活动和思想认识做出了初步的概括，使我们能更加清楚的理解他的宪政哲学思想背景；第二部分主要是对其宪政哲学思想形成之基础进行归纳与总结，叙述张君劢对中西文化的认识和理解，研究其宪政哲学思想之中西文化的理论背景；第三部分则是对张君劢宪政思想之哲学演变的探讨，叙述了其宪政哲学思想从倭伊铿哲学转向康德哲学的演变过程，从其思想演变过程来理解张君劢宪政哲学在中国民主宪政建设中的作用和意义；第四部分主要是从张君劢各种宪法草案以及宪政活动中概括其宪政哲学思想之特征，从而得出其民族意识、德法合一与精神自由的宪政哲学核心内涵，并且在时代的背景下对其社会主义思想与马克思主义社会主义观进行了比较研究；第五部分则是对张君劢宪政哲学思想的一种再认识，指出了其宪政哲学思想在当代仍饱含着建设性的意义，并且赞同其复兴儒家文化的主张，认为这一主张在当代社会发展中仍有十分巨大的现实意义，在这些认识基础上，笔者认识到我们仍要保持一种批判与继承的态度去看待张君劢宪政哲学思想。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。