绝热的

This doctoral dissertation is composed of several parts: At beginning, the frontal structure, the effects of diabatic heating and orography, the dynamics of frontal circulation and the mesoscale systems associated with front are reviewed. Several problems based on the review are brought forward. First, at present, the semigeostrophic frontogenesis theory is the most appropriate basic framework for the general explanation of the frontogenetic process. However, the comparison between semigeostrophic theory and the observation have revealed some inconsistencies. The newly observational facts increase the inconsistencies.

本博士论文主要由如下几部分组成，首先对锋面结构、地形和非绝热加热对锋的影响、锋生环流及锋面附近中尺度系统动力学问题的历史与现状进行了综述，在此基础上提出需要进行研究的若干问题：(1)、半地转锋生理论直到今天仍是解释锋生过程的最合适的理论框架，但是通过与观测事实比较，人们发现半地转理论不能对许多锋面观测特征给出令人满意的回答，新的观测事实使问题更加突出，这就向人们提出：是什么原因导致半地转理论与实际观测的不符？

At the end of this chapter a concrete calculation example of Gauge transformation is given.In chapter 2 of this paper, two example applying gauge transformation for Quantum Geometric Phase in adiabatic condition are given, with explicit calculation process .The two examples is similar in objects to calculate, they are two state quantum system expressed in sphere coordination.

第二章主要讲了两个利用含时规范变换求解绝热近似下的几何相的例子，给出比较具体的计算步骤，它们有一个共同特点就是计算的对象都是二态体系，计算时采用的都是球坐标系，计算的都是只有两个量子态的纯粹的量子系统。

It is different from the Hoskins potential vorticity theory to explain the positive potential vorticity abnormal in upper level and the positive feedback of cyclone in lower layer which the plateau is a strong warm source that the heating effect is stronger than the warm air advection. The superadiabatic state is frequently appears over the plateau, it would be favorable to the development of the cyclonic circulation.

与Hoskins用位涡思想来阐述高层正位涡异常与低层气旋的正反馈作用不同的是，夏季高原本身是巨大的热源，这种加热甚至比暖平流加热还强；高原上经常出现"超干绝热"现象，这将使得高原上的气旋性环流加强幅度比其他情况下更大；由于高原地形的抬高使得从高原到上层扰动的气层厚度小于Rossby穿透高度HR=fL/。。。

As a new material with many functions: being light, heat insulation, bearing acid and alkali, non-toxic, incombustible, not having fetid odor, the floating bead of pulverize coal ash was firstly chosen to produce light preservation material. In the article, a suitable production way and a new method of using pulverize coal ash systematically were found, which had active effect on stove industry and the refractoriness of light preservation brick with floating bead is 1100~1300℃, the suitable temperature was 400~1150℃, thermal conductivity is 0.105~0.127W.

粉煤灰漂珠作为一种新兴多功能材料，由于它具有轻质、绝热、耐酸碱、无毒、不燃烧、无臭味等特点，将之用作生产轻质保温材料首选材料，并探索出一条合理的生产工艺路线，为粉煤灰的综合利用开辟了一条新途径，对窑炉工业的发展将产生积极的推动作用；生产的轻型漂珠保温砖的耐火度为1100~1300℃，最佳使用温度为400~1150℃，导热系数为0.105~0.127W。

These reviews include three search fields: the equipment of electromagnetic riveting,the process of electromagnetic riveting and the deformation mechanism of adiabatic shear : the low voltage electromagnetic riveter is in the works and the simulation of electromagnetic riveting will be more and more importance in the analysis.

从原理出发，对国内外电磁铆接设备、工艺及绝热剪切变形机理的研究进行了分析比较，指出电磁铆接设备将走低电压发展的道路，数值模拟将在今后的研究中发挥越来越重要的作用，最后对该领域的发展趋势提出自己的观点。

To obtain a complete picture about shock formation in non-viscous flow, in the succeeding chapter we investigate the isothermal shocks in adiabatic flows. We find that in this case the shock solution still exists, but the structure and the properties of the solution are greatly different from above even qualitatively. In some region of the parameter space there only exists unstable shock solution and in some region of the parameter space there may exist two stable shock solutions.

为得到完整的无粘流体中激波形成的图象，在接下来的第四章，我们研究绝热流体中等温作为激波条件时的情况，发现此时激波解仍存在，但解的结构和性质甚至在定性上都与前两章有了显著的不同：某些参数空间只存在非稳定的激波解，某些参数空间则会同时出现两个稳定的激波解。

The paper describes theory of beam noise reduction in adiabatically varying magnetic field, deduces the relation between magnetic field and noise , gives out fourth order Runge-Kutta formula of 2-order differential equation, simulates the effects of different magnetic field on electron motion, the results show good agreement with theory analysis,it confirms that adiabatically varying magnetic field near the cathode can reduce the beam noise.

文章描述了回旋波保护放大器电子束绝热降噪的机理，推导了噪声与磁场的关系和二阶微分方程的四阶精度龙格－库塔法求解电子运动方程的公式，编程计算了电子在不同磁场中的运动轨迹，模拟了不同磁场对电子运动的影响，模拟结果与理论分析相符合，证实了阴极表面附近的缓降磁场可以降低电子束的噪声。

Steelmaking Plant can be reduced to 20ppm by increasing argon flow of RH degasser and controlling vacuity According to the above results, the main efforts to develop IF steels have been made at No 3 Steelmaking Plant.

研究结果表明：钢水增碳主要在大包中发生，影响钢水增碳的主要因素是钢液与包壁接触面积与钢水体积之比，在高温下，耐火材料中CO的压力和钢水中Als的含量对钢水增碳也有一定的影响；钢水脱氧后将增硅，钢水的增硅量主要受大包渣的碱度、中包绝热板材料和中包保护渣碱度的影响；通过增大RH真空处理装置的氩气流量和控制真空度，能将三炼钢厂大包钢水的碳含量降到20ppm左右。

CL which can be detected during tensile testing of unaged polyami-de and UV-irradiated polypropylene specimens, has been found to be an effect of thermally unstable hydroperoxides decomposing due to stress-induced adiabatic heating, which after necking is localised to the travelling neck shoulders.

在对物理尼龙和紫外线照射过的聚丙烯样件的拉伸测试过程中，采用化合光对其进行检测，可以发现一种不稳定的热效应产生的氢分解。这是由于在受拉伸颈部的轴肩局部位置，因应力作用而产生的绝热加热。

CL which can be detected during tensile testing of unaged polyami-de and U-irradiated polypropylene specimens, has been found to be an effect of thermally unstable hydroperoxides decomposing due to stress-induced adiabatic heating, which after necking is localised to the traelling neck shoulders.

在对物理尼龙和紫外线照射过的聚丙烯样件的拉伸测试过程中，采用化合光对其进行检测，可以发现一种不稳定的热效应产生的氢分解。这是由于在受拉伸颈部的轴肩局部位置，因应力作用而产生的绝热加热。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。