绝热的

As aconsequence, the overall physical parameters of the CSR electroncooling system are given. Also, the key device------the electron gunare designed, and the adiabatic expansion scheme are proposed.Additionally, resolution limits of the cooled heavy ion beam in thestatic operation condition and an internaltarget experiment are analysized quantitatively. Furthermore, the beamloss and the lifetime are studied systematically. As a result, therequirement on the CSR vacuum conditions and the allowablethickness of the internal target are determined.

完成了CSR电子冷却装置的总体物理参数和关键部件-------电子枪的设计，并提出了在CSR上采用绝热展开技术；完成了重离子冷却储存环上束流储存寿命的系统研究，从而提出了CSR应具备的真空条件和允许的内靶厚度，并由此得到了CSR准连续束模式下的内靶实验亮度；此外，对CSR重离子束的分辨率极限作了定量的分析。

In this paper, the dynamic compressing experiments for the matrix material of the tungsten alloys which have been three different deforming(0%、 32.6%、 44.6%) processed have been performed by the experimental technology of separated Hopkinson pressure bar and many accurate datum have been obtained. Also the three materials have been compared with each other and analyzed. The results show that the optimized values are in a certain range to optimize the materials by changing their deforming technology. The parameters of constitutive model of Johnson-Cook have been fitted based on the datum. Then proceed to the next step, adiabatic shear band of these three matrix materials has been analyzed with finite element method. The result shows that the relations between stress and strain are different because of the differences of technical process of the three materials, but they are in great commonness in the material experiment and in great coherence in the distribution of time and space, which can been seen from the space distributing figures of plastic strain.

利用分离式Hopkinson压杆实验技术对三种不同变形量(0%、32.6%、44.6%)钨合金基体材料进行动态压缩实验，取得大量精确的数据，对比分析三种材料，结果表明通过改变变形量对材料进行优化，其变形量的优化值是有一定范围的；本论文拟合、确定了钨合金基体材料Johnson-Cook本构模型参数并对三种基体材料绝热剪切带进行有限元分析，结果表明三种材料由于工艺流程的不同，应力应变关系也不尽相同，但从塑性应变的空间分布图上体现了材料很大的共性和时间以及空间分布的一致性。

The results show that dynamical ductil-ity dominated final velocity of fragments. During tube expansion, the shear fracture appears preferentially a-long the adiabatic shear bands under positive stress, so the adiabatic shear band determines the size and shapeof fragments. Though the fragmentation behaviour of medium carbon Si - Mn bainific steel is close to that ofsteel 50SiMnVB, medium carbon Si - Mn bainitic steel is an ideal candidate material for the tubular bombs be-cause it is better in dynamical ductility, which can enable the tubes to gain high speeds before fragmentation.

结果表明：材料动态塑性是决定破片最终速度的主要因素；圆管膨胀时外表面形成以剪切为主的裂纹，并向内扩展，接近内表面的绝热剪切带伴随着圆管的膨胀而扩展，并未出现失稳现象，但在正应力的作用下成为优先的断裂通道、决定破片的尺寸和形态；中碳Si-Mn贝氏体钢与50SiMnVB钢的破碎性能相近，但贝氏体钢动态塑性很更好，破碎前的膨胀量较大、更有利于提高破片初速，是弹箭比较理想的候选材料。

The frontogenesis process involves in the interactions among the systems of multiple scales. Since the hardness of the nonlinear problem, it is difficult to study frontogenesis analytically. The introduction of the effects of orography, friction and diabatic processes generally makes impossible the analytical resolution of the problem and leads to the use of numerical models. Primitive equations are numerical integrated together with a detailed description of physical processes. The circulation obtained is then used to diagnose and test theoretical mechanisms. It should be noted, however, that a fully description of frontogenesis in explicitly resolving the of large-, meso- and micro-scale flow in the same framework is not yet possible because of the excessive computer capacity and the time required. In order to deal with the problem, the action of large-scale background has been simplified and taken into consideration through the addition of the forcing into the nonhydrostatic cloud model.

大气锋生是一种多尺度相互作用的过程，理论研究遇到非线性的困难，在考虑地形、摩擦、非绝热等物理过程之后，解析研究更加棘手，通过数值模拟搞清其中的物理机制是重要的研究手段，但是把大、中、小尺度甚至微尺度的系统及其相互作用过程在一个模式里同时模拟好仍然受计算机速度和容量的限制，本论文在非静力云模式中通过强迫方式加入大尺度变形场的作用，在考虑到大尺度背景作用的同时，可以充分利用云模式所提供的丰富物理过程、非静力和高分辨率特点，开展一些过去较难进行的研究工作。

Ideally this box should accommodate the tortoise fairly tightly, whilst still allowing for a couple of inches of insulating material all around the animal.

另选一个小得多的箱子，基本上这个箱子的大小正好能够放下龟龟，仅仅在龟龟的四周保留几英寸的空间用来填充绝热物质就可以了。

According to the formula of smoke agent including the phenyl-hexachloride and the red phosphorus, the composition formula of combustion smoke is calculated without heat transportation and atmosphere.

同时，选择C_6Cl_6、赤磷为发烟物的发烟剂配方，通过理论计算，得出了在绝热真空条件下的燃烧产物组成，并对其计算产物二次反应的研究讨论，探索发烟剂燃烧产物对消光效果的影响因素。

A replaceable adjustor has been used which makes it possible to change particle concentration and impacting velocity.

实验装置具有颗粒浓度、冲刷速度等参数的调节功能，特殊设计的试件夹使该试验器既可用于硬质材料的实验，也可用于软质绝热材料的烧蚀动态测量。

Although the 4-phase power clock is simpler,the DSCRL adiabatic cir cuit still shows good performance and high efficiency of energy transfer and rec overy.This conclusion has been proved by the result of the HSPICE simulation usi ng the 0.6μm CMOS technology.

这种新型的功率时钟用于DSCRL绝热电路后，该电路仍然保持了其能量恢复的高效性，同时还降低了电路设计的复杂性，这一结论已被文中的HSPICE 模拟结果证明。

Two models were developed, one for calculating the leakage rate of water from heat transfer tubes due to one broken double ended guillotine tube in the steam generator of LMFBR using the one dimensional method of characteristics, and anotherone for temperature, adiabatic spherical to columnar hydrogen bubble growth model in large sodium water reaction.

采用一维特征线方法建立了快堆蒸汽发生器单管发生双端断裂情况下，水从破裂传热管流出的泄漏率计算模型和钠水反应气泡从球状到柱状的变温绝热生长模型。沸腾是钠冷快堆安全分析工作中必须要考虑的一个问题，而堵流是众多导致发生沸腾原因中十分重要的一个。

In fact, it is probable that little gain can be made by selecting a geometric compression ratio which would raise the gas temperature by adiabatic compression behind the temperature of the hot zones (except for accelerated heating by gas density and proximity effect, which would make it possible to achieve higher RPM).

事实上，它很可能使小增益可以作出选择几何压缩比率，从而将提高的效果，气体温度接近后面的绝热压缩气体密度和温度的热区（除加速它加热能够达到更高的转速）。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。