结石的

Result The contour of bilateral kidney,renal pelvis and calices and ureters were showed clearly with digital laminography.19 cases showed normal.55 cases showed renal or ureteral calculus,ureterohydronephrosis.16 cases were chronic pyelonephritis,renal atrophy or renal tum...

结果运用数字化成像体层摄影能较好显示双肾轮廓，肾盂、肾盏及双侧输尿管，不单能较好显示肾结石、输尿管结石，对慢性肾盂肾炎、肾萎缩等肾内科肾病显示清楚，19例显影正常，肾结石及输尿管结石，肾积液及输尿管积液共55例，慢性肾盂肾炎、反流性肾病所致的肾瘢痕、肾萎缩、肾肿瘤等内科肾病16例。

Objective To explore clinic application of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy for the treatment of the cholecystic stone combined bile duct disease.

目的 探讨逆行胰胆管造影术联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术对胆囊结石伴胆管病变治疗的临床应用方法 27例胆囊结石伴胆道病变患者，先用ERCP、乳头切开术取石；或ERCP和鼻胆管引流及柱状气囊扩张术治疗，术后3～11天，患者无发热、腹痛，血淀粉酶正常，再按常规四孔法施行LC。

Methods:The clinical data of 34 patients with choledocholithiasis and cholecystolithiasis that were treated with laparoscopy,choledochoscopy and duodenoscopy from Jan.2006 to Jun.2008 in our hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively.

回顾分析2006年1月至2008年6月，我院应用腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜联合治疗34例胆总管结石合并胆囊结石患者的临床资料。

The indications for the initial CT were the staging of small-bowel tumor and colon cancer, nonspecific abdominal discomfort, lier abscess, confirmation of the residual stone after open cholecystectomy and choledocholithotomy, and common bile duct stone and lier abscess.

所有病人均发现胰腺有异常，初始CT检查有小肠肿瘤和结肠癌、非特异性腹部不适、肝脓肿、胆囊切除术和胆总管石切除术后的残余结石、总胆管结石伴肝脓肿。

Some cholelith disease patients, besides there is stone in gallbladder, there also is stone inside their bravery manager.

有的胆石症病人，除了胆囊里有结石，在他们的胆总管内也有结石。

On IVU, the signs indicating radiolucent ureteral calculus were as follows: full-length opacification of unilateral ureter with mild dilatation, abrupt narrowing of a segment of the ureter, break of opacification of a short segment of the ureter, thickened interureteric ridge, abrupt separating sign, obstructive nephrogram, filling defect and calculous staining.

IVU与阴性结石相关的征象有：一侧输尿管全程显影伴轻度扩张；输尿管某段突然萎陷变窄；输尿管某短段造影剂中断；输尿管间嵴增宽；截断征；梗阻性肾实质像；充盈缺损；结石染色。

Treatment of bladder stones with air pressure ballistic lithoclasty by cystoscopy or resectoscopy is simple and safe,being a kind of effective and minimal invasive technique for bladder stones.

结果 所有患者均一次性完成手术，无结石残留，术中、术后无膀胱穿孔和水中毒等并发症。结论经电切镜鞘途径气压弹道碎石治疗膀胱结石安全、疗效可靠、损伤小，是一种值得推广的高效微创技术。

In 13 cases with no nephrohydrosis,caculuses less than 3.8 mm in diameter were found.Conclusion CT is the most valuable way to diagnose ureteral calculus at the lower end of ureter.

CT检查输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有准确、无创、直观等优点，是诊断输尿管膀胱入口处结石不可替代的检查方法。

Results Out of the4527paˉtients treated by ESWL,stones were excreted completely from4512patients within2weeks;12patients who had comˉplication of the urethra stone street were cured by transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrostomy and ureterolithotomy through uretercystoscope;stones weretaken out by operation from the other3patients,from whom the excretion of stones was not possible.

结果 经ESWL治疗的4527例泌尿系结石病人中，4512例在2周内排尽结石，12例并发输尿管&石街&，加用经皮肾穿刺造瘘和输尿管镜取石治疗，3例中转手术治疗。

One case of residual stone comformed by nasol-biliary tract opacifiacion after LC accepted a second time endoscopic stone removement.

联合应用LC和EST治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。