结石的

The expressions of MUC1, MUC3 were not synchronization in different lesions of cholecyst.

结论MUC1和MUC3在结石性胆囊炎及胆囊腺瘤样息肉中的表达呈负相关，这可能与结石形成及胆囊癌前病变有关。

Nevertheless, our study concerning the patient characteristics causing consensus problem of medical service utilization in ESWL, especially, excess of demand may provide useful information to reform a health care delivery system, such as increased premium according to increased income, increased copayment and propaganda of health education.

在本研究中的确发现即使已有治疗标准，体外震波碎石术之医疗服务利用决策行为依旧存在医病双方利用不一致的情形，且医疗使用者确实有过度使用的情形，建议可依收入的差异，扩大保费间的差异，适度增加不同收入层级间的保险费用；除此之外，相关单位也应订定合理的体外震波碎石术的自付额，尤以门诊为最，加强民众使用者付费的观念，减少滥用医疗资源的情形；更重要的是增加结石病人有关结石治疗的卫教宣导，让病人了解结石治疗各类方法的优缺点及可能之并发症，不要一昧认为最贵就是最好治疗方法。

6 cases of urethostenosis, 2 cases of urotithiasis and 1 case of urethral valves were cured one time. They were followed up from 10 months to 6 years and no dysuria occurred. 2 cases of external plank shedding after ureteropelvioplasty were treated with a placement of internal plank through the renal fistulization. The placement and evulsion of internal plank were carried out one time in 8 cases of ureteric calculi (the length of one calculi was as long as 4cm) and 12 cases of ureteropalsty. In 5 cases of upper remotion of internal plank, 4 cases were pulled out successfully and one failed to draw out. The effect is satisfactory to treat urological diseases by means of ureteroscopy in children.

结果 6例尿道狭窄、2例尿道结石、1例尿道瓣膜均一次性治愈，随访10个月~6年，无排尿异常。2例肾盂输尿管成形术后外支架管脱落经肾造瘘口放置内支架；8例输尿管结石（1例石街长约4cm）、12例输尿管成形术后内支架置入和／或拔出均一次完成。5例内支架上移中4例顺利拔出，1例失败、结论输尿管镜对小儿尿路系统大部分疾病的处理有满意效果。

holmium laser lithotrity is an optimal way in patient with ureteral calculus that diameter in 2 cm, more inflammatory granulation tissue around calculus and no manifest obstruct under calculus.

对于直径＜2cm、结石处炎症肉芽组织多、结石下段无明显梗阻的输尿管结石，输尿管镜下钬激光碎石治疗仍是最好的选择。

Its pathology change is tiny stone often accompanies the kitchen sex that has prostate, chronic inflammation changes, stone is big person prostate canal and gland bubble dilate, there is size to differ all round, appearance the bursa antrum of each different, clinking skin cell covers its wall, between gland bubble soak of cell of form having garden and fiber are changed, stone can be located in gland to run mouth office, yi Ke is in gland body deep, the person that affect for a long time.

其病理变化是微小的结石常伴有前列腺的灶性，慢性炎症变，结石大者前列腺管和腺泡扩张，周围有大小不等，形状各异的囊腔，其内壁无上皮细胞覆盖，在腺泡间有园形细胞浸润及纤维化，结石可位于腺管开口处，亦可在腺体深部，长期感染者。

The incidence of symptomatic urolithiasis during pregnancy was 0.35%. Of the 20 stones found, nine were on the right side and 11 were on the left, and two patients had bilateral urinary stones.

怀孕时有症状的结石发生率为0.35%；在20个结石中，右侧的有9个，左侧的有11个，其中有两位同时有双侧的结石。

Firstly,all patients have been excided the upper ductus choledochus,the liver gross duct,left right liver duct besides one centimeter of liver duct that lies upwards the hepatolith.Secondly, we have sutured the excided bile duct, which has been shaped acetabuliform,lifted one part of jejunums,intered non-port one subcuneously,and then inosculated gall with enteron by Roux-en-Y way.Lastly,we have partly excised the ill liver in regular way.Results 26 ones have been follow-up for 1～10 years.The rate is 81 percents,average for 6 years.

32例肝内胆管结石均接受皮下盲袢型胆肠吻合术，其中结石位于右肝7例（22%），左肝9例（28%），两肝均有16例（50%）；结石合并肝胆管狭窄24例（75%），全部病例均切开胆总管上部、肝总管、左右肝管，并切开肝内胆管狭窄部以上1cm肝管，将切开的胆管做必要的缝合，形成碟状，取一段空肠上提，盲袢埋置皮下，再做胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合，病肝做规则性肝部分切除术。

RESULTS: The incidence of sialolith increased from the orifice of Wharton's duct to hilum, 62.5% of the stones were located in the posterior of Wharton's duct, the most common shape was round and oval, the volume of calculus in the posterior Wharton's duct was bigger than that in the anterior duct.

结果：下颌下腺导管结石在导管中发生的位置由前向后依次升高，62.5%患者结石位于导管的后段，结石以圆形和椭圆形为多，位于后段者体积多较大。

While detecting the patients with ureterolithiasis, if the width of renal pelvis is 0 mm, it is necessary to measure the width of another kidney and compare with them. If the width of ill renal pelvis is extended by 3 1 mm, the diagnosis of hydronephrosis can be established, then, combining with other signs, such as ureterectasis, the diagnosis of ureterolithiasis can be set up.

输尿管结石所致0 mm肾积水的发生率为 29 47％，超声诊断输尿管结石所致肾积水0 mm时应作两侧比较，当两侧集合系统宽度差别≥3 1 mm时，应考虑肾积水的存在，此时应结合临床、是否合并同侧输尿管扩张、合并结石等情况而作出肾积水的诊断。

The relationship between the CaOxa stones growth and the morphology of CaOxa crystals was discussed. The reasons why multicarboxylate such as citrates and tartrates were used as stone inhibitors in clinic were also discussed. Our results supported that citrates are the best medicine in preventing and curing CaOxa stones.

初步探讨了草酸钙的不同晶型及物相与结石病防治之间的关系，并讨论了柠檬酸盐和酒石酸盐在临床上被用作结石病治疗药物的原因及其作用机理，以此推测了不同添加剂用作结石病预防和治疗药物时的应用前景。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。