结石形成

SO dysfunction and hypomotility exist in bile duct stone patients after operation, which can be diagnosed effectively by choledochoscopic manometry.

胆管结石患者术后存在SO功能障碍及SO运动功能不足两种病理状况，而且SO的这些异常改变可能与胆管结石的形成和/或复发有关。

Multiple shocks of small inter- electrode gap prevent and prolong the formation of stone street or recrack it in time once it formed which is the key of treating deerhorn- like nephrolith with ESWL.

采用小间隙电极低能量多次碎石，预防和延缓石街形成，并在石街形成后及时疏通，是提高 ESWL治疗边缘性鹿角形结石及部分鹿角形结石成功率的关键。

In the study of urinary stone formation mechanism and prevention of recurrent urolithiasis, knowing the stone composition is important.

了解尿路结石成份对结石的形成机转及再发性结石的预防都有重要的帮助。

Firstly,all patients have been excided the upper ductus choledochus,the liver gross duct,left right liver duct besides one centimeter of liver duct that lies upwards the hepatolith.Secondly, we have sutured the excided bile duct, which has been shaped acetabuliform,lifted one part of jejunums,intered non-port one subcuneously,and then inosculated gall with enteron by Roux-en-Y way.Lastly,we have partly excised the ill liver in regular way.Results 26 ones have been follow-up for 1～10 years.The rate is 81 percents,average for 6 years.

32例肝内胆管结石均接受皮下盲袢型胆肠吻合术，其中结石位于右肝7例（22%），左肝9例（28%），两肝均有16例（50%）；结石合并肝胆管狭窄24例（75%），全部病例均切开胆总管上部、肝总管、左右肝管，并切开肝内胆管狭窄部以上1cm肝管，将切开的胆管做必要的缝合，形成碟状，取一段空肠上提，盲袢埋置皮下，再做胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合，病肝做规则性肝部分切除术。

ConclusionThe active constituents of Alisma Orientalis can down-regulate the bikunin mRNA expression, decrease the calcium oxalate formation in rat kidneys, and inhibit the renal stone formation in rat urolithiasis model.

结论泽泻活性成分能下调bikunin在结石大鼠肾组织的表达，减少肾组织草酸钙晶体的形成，从而抑制大鼠肾结石形成。

Methods: 1. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were established renal calcium oxalate calculi model. 2. The different dose of LBP, medlar soak and apozem was given. The calcium oxalate crystallization, the renal cell apoptosis and the renal free radical level were detected. 3. The relationship of the renal cell apoptosis index, the renal free radical level and the calcium oxalate crystallization grade in the kidney tubule was determined.

1、给大鼠建立肾草酸钙结石模型；2、予以不同剂量的枸杞多糖，不同浓度的枸杞浸泡剂和煎剂灌喂，比较肾小管内草酸钙结晶的形成，测定肾小管上皮细胞的凋亡指数，自由基水平；3、分析结晶等级评分、细胞凋亡指数和自由基的相互关系，判断枸杞多糖预防肾草酸钙结石的作用机制和效果。

It may be significance to the theory in the formation of cholecystolithiasis, deserved to investigation.

胆囊黏膜下结石是一项新发现，它的发现，对胆囊结石的形成理论可能有重要意义，值得进一步研究。

PlasmaLDL was decreased markedly in cholesterol gallstone than in control group (p0.05). In cholesterol gallstone group, plasma TG and TG/TC ratio were significantly positive correlativity. Conclusions: These results indicate that the changes of plasma lipids may affect the metabolism of cholesterol and bile acids and itmay tade an important role in the formation of cholesterol gallstone. TG/TC ratio may act as an indirect reflect of reference index.

本实验结果提示：血浆脂蛋白的变化，可能因影响体内的胆固醇及胆汁酸等代谢而与胆囊胆固醇结石的形成密切相关，TC、TG的测定及TG/TC比值可以作为间接反映胆囊胆固醇结石成核的参考指标。

The operation methods of urethral calculus mainly occurred urethroplasty with septum of scrotum.

尿路结石的形成是由多种因素构成，但尿道狭窄、感染是其形成的主要因素。

The gall bladder is an organ that stores bile produced in the liver.this bile is released into the intestine to help the body digest and take in food.but tiny stones can form in the gall bladder.the stones can block the tube leading to the intestine,which can cause severe pain.in the traditional gall bladder operation doctors make a large cut across the person's abdomen to remove the gall bladder.patients must spend up to 10 days in the hospital and they often suffer pain for as long as six weeks while they recover from the operation.

胆囊是一个器官，储存的胆汁产生於肝脏。胆汁被释放到小肠，以帮助身体消化和食物的吸收，也可以形成微小结石的胆囊结石可以阻止膀胱。导致小肠引起严重的激痛，传统的胆囊手术医生作出一个大跨越的人类腹部移除胆囊膀胱，患者必须用10天时间在医院里，他们常常遭受的痛苦，只要6个星期，而他们的手术中恢复过来

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。