结石

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy using patented sheath in treating upper urinary tract calculi.

目的：探讨应用专利设计的经皮肾微造瘘吸引碎石清石鞘治疗上尿路结石的临床疗效和安全性。

Minipercutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive for managing the complex renal stone.

采用细径经皮肾镜治疗复杂性肾脏结石是安全、有效的微创术式。

Objective To evaluate the clinical safety efficiency of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with complicated upper ureter calculi.

目的 探讨经皮肾镜下应用第三代弹道超声碎石清石系统治疗复杂性输尿管上段结石的临床效果及操作体会方法总体分析海口市人民医院应用经皮肾镜取石术治疗91例患者的临床资料。

The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

ESWL isn't applicable for the patient with kidney casting mold-stone.The combinative treatments of transcutaneous nephrocentesis,nephrosˉtomy and ureterolithotomy through ureterocystoscope is effective,once ureter stone-street happensafter ESWL-treatˉment.

肾内铸型结石不适合用ESWL治疗；采用经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石等综合治疗输尿管石街的方法是有效的。

One patient received percutaneous nephrostomy for persistent renal colic and pyonephrosis.

利用超音波来诊断怀孕时合并尿路结石是相当合理且准确的方法。

Key words］ percutaneous nephrostomy;ureteroscope;urinary stones

关键词］经皮肾穿刺造瘘术；输尿管镜；尿路结石

The pathogical changes and the clinical results of the involved kidneys in this studY lead the authors to believe that primary nephrectomy would be much preferable than preliminary nephrostomy in those pateints.

根据脓肾造瘘后患肾的转归和病理学改变，作者认为对于单侧上尿路结石并脓肾患者的治疗，一期切除病肾应作为首选。

The ureteroscopic holmium: YAG laser lithotripsy can he the first choice for the post-renal acute renal failure associated with upper urinary tract stones, due to its safety and efficiency. At the same time, retrograde intubation under cystoscope and percutaneous nephrostomy will be helpful.

上尿路梗阻是肾后性急性肾功能衰竭的主要原因，如能明确是结石引起的肾后性肾功能衰竭，应首选输尿管镜下钬激光碎石并置管引流；如不能明确，膀胱镜下逆行插管和经皮肾穿刺造瘘引流也是可行的急诊有效方法。

For the pregnant women complicating with upper urinary tract calculi, ultrasound is the preliminary consideration. The percutaneous nephrostomy,urteroscopy,and even the double J stents inserting were safety choices.

妊娠期上尿路结石的诊断首选超声检查，治疗以保守治疗为主，外科治疗包括输尿管置管、经皮肾造瘘及输尿管镜腔内治疗。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。