结石

objective to discuss the nursing methods of acute postrenal renal calculus obstruction through ureteroscope.methods the preoperative and postorerative aborative nursing in 22 cases of patients with ureter calculus who were treated by emergency ureteroscope were analyzed retrospectively.results all patients became well and renal function was improved quickly after operation,after the timely treatment and nursing,none patients occured the serious complication.conclusion timely and right preoperative preparation,mental nursing and postoperative nursing were essential for the success of operation.

目的 讨论经尿道输尿管镜治疗急性肾后结石梗阻的护理方法。方法对22名患者进行急诊经尿道输尿管镜，治疗上尿路结石的术前、术后精心护理的回顾分析。结果所有患者顺利接受手术，术后患者全身状况、肾功能快速恢复，并发症得到及时治疗和护理，无一例发生严重并发症。结论及时准确的术前准备、心理护理、术后护理、是保证手术成功的重要保障。

Objective of this study is to prognose the possibility of developing gallstone in subjects with the dyslipidemia and obesity. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the odds ratio of the dyslipidemia and obesity to induce the formation of gallstone.

为预测血脂和体重异常增加并发胆囊结石病的危险度(odds ratio， OR)，应用多元回归模式评价了血脂变量和体重/身高指数与胆囊结石病之间的关系，OR＞1是危险因素，OR＜1是保护因素，OR＝1则无显著性意义。

One case of residual stone comformed by nasol-biliary tract opacifiacion after LC accepted a second time endoscopic stone removement.

联合应用LC和EST治疗胆囊结石合并胆总管结石是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

Complete resection of lesions is the most effective way in the treatment of hepatolithiasis. The current hepatolithiasis treatment of liver resection has been the trend in hepatic segment or subsegment.

切除病灶是彻底治疗肝内胆管结石最有效的方法，目前肝内胆管结石肝切除治疗已趋向于肝段化和亚肝段化。

PlasmaLDL was decreased markedly in cholesterol gallstone than in control group (p0.05). In cholesterol gallstone group, plasma TG and TG/TC ratio were significantly positive correlativity. Conclusions: These results indicate that the changes of plasma lipids may affect the metabolism of cholesterol and bile acids and itmay tade an important role in the formation of cholesterol gallstone. TG/TC ratio may act as an indirect reflect of reference index.

本实验结果提示：血浆脂蛋白的变化，可能因影响体内的胆固醇及胆汁酸等代谢而与胆囊胆固醇结石的形成密切相关，TC、TG的测定及TG/TC比值可以作为间接反映胆囊胆固醇结石成核的参考指标。

We obtained a sensitivity of 63% and 98% for diagnosing urinary stones by the plain abdominal radiography and the unenhanced spiral CT respectively.

本研究发现以X光素片和无对比增强螺旋CT侦查泌尿道结石的敏感度各为63%和98%，亦即大约有三分之的一的结石无法在X光素片中显现。

Results Among them, 32 patients were ill with ureter stones (18 were combined by ureter polyps), 6 with ureteral stricture, 1 with distal ureteral diverticulum combined by calculi, 2 with deformity of unilateral double ureters, and 1 with bilateral lower ureterectasis.

结果 手术均成功。32例为输尿管结石，其中18例伴有输尿管息肉；6例输尿管狭窄；1例输尿管下段开口处憩室伴结石；2例一侧双输尿管畸形，1例双侧输尿管下段扩张。

Treatment of ureteric calculi with this method is safe,effective and less invasive.

采用输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石成功率高，安全可靠，可作为治疗输尿管中下段结石的首选方法。

Treatment of ureteric calculi with this method is safe,effective and less invasive.

采用输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石成功率高，安全可靠，可作为治疗输尿管中下段结石的首选方法。中国论文联盟http：//www.lwlm.com

Retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy is effective in the treatment of upper and middle ureteric stones with advantages of less trauma and blood loss,short time of hospital stay and rapid recovery from operation.

后腹腔镜治疗输尿管中上段结石具有创伤小、出血少、住院时间短、患者术后恢复快等优点，是输尿管中上段结石有效的治疗方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。