结构破坏

The study that comprehensive and systematic analyze the factor of links length, thickness of links flange, distance of links rib, thickness of links rib and angle of brace to be changed affect energy-dissipation capacity of D shape and K shape eccentrically braced steel frames have been some studied before. This paper fills the black in the filed factor of high-span ratio, brace stiffness and brace-to-beam connections to be changed affectenergy-dissipation capacity of D shape and K shape eccentrically braced steel trames and any factor to be changed affect energy-dissipation capacity of Y shape eccentrically braced steel frames.

对耗能梁段的长度、耗能梁段腹板的厚度、耗能梁段翼缘的厚度、耗能梁段加劲肋的间距、耗能梁段加劲肋的厚度、支撑的夹角等因素的改变对D形、K形偏心支撑钢框架耗能的影响，前人已有一些研究，本文对这些因素的影响进行了全面系统的分析，完善了理论分析的不足；而结构高跨比、支撑刚度、支撑与梁的连接形式等因素对D形、K形偏心支撑钢框架破坏机理的研究以及各种因素对Y形偏心支撑钢框架破坏机理的影响，则很少有人涉及，本文对此也进行了深入系统的分析，填补了这一研究空白。

However, it is not accurate to calculate the problem of continuum media. The FEM may forecast the failure area of the material reasonably, whilst it is hard to calculate the failure process in brittle media.

有限元法适于预测脆性材料损伤和破坏的区域，但难以直接用于计算和模拟脆性材料及结构发生破坏的整个过程。

The approach of computational simulation is the finite element method.The whole research is combined by the following three parts. In part one, a program on quadtree method is compiled. It can automatically generate planar structures with all-quadrangular, good quality elements in high speed, and it can create data files on information of elements and nodes, which provide the foundation for finite element analysis. In part two, a program on finite element calculation is compiled by object-oriented method, During the simulation of fracture, the displacement and stress are calculated by the program.

本文的工作可分为三大部分：第一部分编制了四叉树法程序，通过它可对平面结构进行单元离散，快速自动生成质量较好的全四边形单元，并获得离散后的单元信息和节点信息，为有限元计算打下基础；第二部分利用面向对象方法编制了有限元计算程序，在破坏模拟过程中，利用它进行位移、应力分析；第三部分对脆性材料的破坏过程进行了模拟。

The successfully designed steel ropes with the specialized ground tackle,which is used to connect with experimental machine,together with a set of revised casting technology of steel rope ends that used in labs can be used in relevant researches.In the research the following significant achievements are made:a set of S-N diagrams and their equations,Goodman Smith figures and an empirical f...

设计成功的钢丝绳与试验机联接的专用锚具、优化出的一套试验室条件下的绳头浇铸工艺，可应用于相关研究工作；研究得到的S -N曲线族及其曲线方程、Goodman -Smith图和疲劳强度计算经验公式、钢丝绳的拉伸疲劳性能和疲劳破坏规律、从宏、微观两个方面对钢丝绳疲劳破坏机理进行的初步研究等等，对钢丝绳结构工程设计人员具有一定的参考价值。

It shows that scaleeffects happening in actual engineering is in fact effects of structure of rockmass.(2) Fracture area is more obvious with increase of scale of specimens inthe same homogeneousness.

由此可见，工程实际中通常出现的岩体尺度效应更多的时候表现为岩体的结构效应；(2)对于同一均质度试件，随尺度增大，试件破坏时出现的主控破裂面越明显，破断区越集中，越接近于均匀材料的脆性破坏。

ABSTRACT: There are usually some main problems for the water environment in the urban development,such as water lavishness, environment pollution, flood and water-logging, structure and function of ecosystem,and landscape be destroyed.

当前我国城市在水资源、水环境、水安全、水景观、水生境等方面存在很多问题。如水资源的供需矛盾；水旱灾害威胁增大；水质污染日益加剧；地下水超量开采，地下水水位下降；水体生态系统结构、功能的失调和破坏；忽略自然生态用水、破坏了原有自然景观和生态平衡等。

There are usually some main prob-lems for the water environment in the urbandevelopment,such as water lavishness, environ-ment pollution, flood and water-logging, struc-ture and function of ecosystem,and landscapebe destroyed.

如水资源的供需矛盾；水旱灾害威胁增大；水质污染日益加剧；地下水超量开采，地下水水位下降；水体生态系统结构、功能的失调和破坏；忽略自然生态用水、破坏了原有自然景观和生态平衡等。

It is statistical that about 50 percent to 90 percent destroy of metal structure is fatigue damage.

据统计约有50％～90％的金属结构的破坏属于疲劳破坏。

The analysis of polymer structure indicates that the non-crystalline phase is the majority of the agglomerate structure and the crystalline phase is the minority, the highest crystal value only reaches the level of 0.1646;There is a definite interactionadditives and PVA, which not only reduces the crystal value of ASPE to make amorphous areas enlarge but also improve the ability of segmental motion by destroying the well-regulated and orderly character of polymer chain, meanwhile restricts the mobility of potassium cation and enhances the anionic transference number of hydroxide ions, all these improve the ionic conductivity;The ionic conductivity occurs essentially within the amorphous phase of the ASPE;The structure of ASPE doesnt change in the range of our test temperature, this means, the temperature only takes effect on degradation of complex in certain compositions, ionic mobility and segmental motions of the polymer chain.

聚合物结构分析表明：碱性固体聚合物电解质中凝聚态结构以非晶态为主，仅有少量的晶态，结晶度最大为0.1646；添加的各组分与PVA之间都有一定的相互作用，这种作用不仅破坏了聚合物链段的规整性，能够降低聚合物的结晶度，增大无定形区域，提高链段运动的能力，同时这种作用限制K~+离子的运动，提高OH~-的迁移率，从而提高离子电导率；碱性聚合物电解质的离子传导主要发生在无定形区；在本实验测试离子电导率温度范围内，聚合物内部的结构不会发生变化，即温度只会影响电解质内部络合物解离程度和载流子迁移以及聚合物链段运动的情况。

The shaking table test for the 1/10 scale structural model of a high-rise building with box transfer storey was carried out, the dynamic characteristics, failure pattern and seismic response of the model under earthquake action were studied.

采用微粒混凝土制作1/10比例的结构模型，得到结构在地震作用下的动力特性以及加速度、位移等地震响应，研究了模型结构的受力机理和破坏模式。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。