结构的

The theoretical foundation for further research is established. In chapter 6, the flow field of poppet valve and spool valve which are two kinds valve frequently used in hydraulic technique are predicated by finite element method. The flow field structure at different valve opening are illustrated by visualizing images. The effect on the flow noise and energy loss probably caused by vortexes is analyzed quantitatively, the flow channel of the valve is improved.

第六章用有限元方法对液压传动与控制中最常见的两种结构形式的液压阀—液压滑阀和液压锥阀流场进行数值预报，给出不同开口度和不同结构尺寸下流场结构的可视化图像，定性分析涡旋的产生对流体噪声及能量损失可能产生的影响，并对阀的流道结构进行改进。

The open architecture intelligent control system for the machining processes is developed and realized by using the key techniques such as plug in module , signal processing network and script command file , etc., on the PC/DSP based open architecture platform. According to the architecture requirements, the principle and development methods of the open real time platform as well as the PIMs used for the intelligent machining processes are studied and designed. Subsequently, the objective systems for the adaptive control and the on-line tool wear estimation are configured by using the SCF files separately.

研究了基于PC/DSP的开放结构智能切削加工控制系统的开发与实现，采用插入式模块PIM(Plug-In-Module)、信号处理网络SPNt和过程描述命令文件SCF等实现系统开放结构的三项关键技术，根据开放结构实时系统平台的结构特点、工作原理及开发过程，设计开发了基于智能切削加工理论和方法的插入式模块的算法流程，采用描述命令文件配置了自适应控制与刀具磨损在线估计的应用目标系统。

The characteristics in design of components of tires, fundamental parameters and supplementary parameters for design of tire structure are analyzed. Then according to practical requirements and experience in design, general principles for tire design are put forward. The problems of disaccord of circle's radiuses in vertical and horizontal axis and the excessive errors in solving equations are solved. At last, with the work accomplished above, computer design of tire cross section may be achieved after completing those computer programs for the design.

论文首先分析了轮胎各部分的设计特点以及轮胎结构设计的基本参数和附加参数，根据实际要求和设计经验，提出了进行轮胎结构设计的总原则，解决了程序语言中圆的纵横比不统一和求解方程时误差太大的问题等，编制出了用于轮胎结构设计的子程序和总程序，实现了轮胎断面结构的计算机设计。

The activation energy of B ring elementary reaction is between 16～20kJ/mol.

从IRC结果以及对过渡态结构的电子密度拓扑学分析结果可以确定，羟基自由基在反应过程之中抽取了黄酮类化合物A环上未参与分子内氢键结构的酚羟基上的氢原子形成水分子及稳定性更高的半醌式大环自由基，在整个过程之中羟基自由基从反应物一侧进攻并逐渐发生扭转，直至形成一个进平面结构的过渡态结构，这与上一章关于黄酮类化合物B环的研究结果基本一致。

The EFM results show that the Fω and F2ω force mappings on disk-like GaN islands can be well-resolved. The intensities of the electric forces Fω and F2ω on the region of GaN islands are comparatively lower as respect to that of the plane surface. The higher the island is, the lower the value of intensity is.

EFM的实验结果显示，在圆盘状氮化镓岛状结构的样品上，Fω和F2ω的映象同样具有很好的解析表面结构的能力，我们还发现岛状结构区域的Fω和F2ω受力强度较平坦处小，而且岛状结构高度愈高，受力愈小。

It analyzes the effects of the pollution severity and the altitude or atmospheric pressure on the flashover voltage or the flashover gradient. It is shown that FOV is determined by the configuration, and the insul...

结果表明：合成绝缘子的污闪电压与伞裙结构有密切关系；在同样的最短干弧距离下，简单伞形结构的合成绝缘子具有更高的污闪电压和污闪梯度，对于伞形结构复杂的合成绝缘子，虽然其爬电距离提高了，但其污闪电压没有明显提高；高海拔下合成绝缘子的气压影响特征指数n大于瓷和玻璃绝缘子，并受伞裙结构形式、污秽程度的影响，且随着污秽程度增加，n逐渐减小，此外，染污方法和方式对n也有一定影响但不明显。

By analyzing a monofilament cable, it is presented the conclusions that the influencing factors of the load-carrying properties of flexible supporting s stem include the initial prestress the diameter of tension rod or cable, the rise ratio and the height of the structure etc.

通过对单根拉索结构的力学分析，提出影响这种结构刚度和承载性能的因素主要包括：初始施加预应力的大小、拉杆的直径、结构的腹高比以及结构的高度等。

But because of its big slenderness ratio, smaller rigidity and damping, it is easy to cause a larger vibration in the windload and iceload function and so on, mast structure destruction accidents frequently occurred, has caused engineering and academic circles\\\s concern, this article summarizes the main structure damage diagnosis methods, carrys on preliminary dynamic analysis and the time-frequency distribution analysis with the vibration signal to the mast structure, and proposes the signal processing method is a appropriate method on the diagnosis to the mast damage.

但是，由于桅杆结构长细比很大，刚度、阻尼较小，在风荷载、裹冰荷载等作用下容易产生较大幅度的振动，桅杆结构的破坏事故时有发生，引起了工程界和学术界的重视，本文总结了几种主要的结构损伤诊断方法，并对桅杆结构进行了动力分析和振动信号时频分析，并提出信号处理的时频方法对桅杆损伤进行诊断比较合适的。

These data suggest that the terminal hairpin structure and ITRs of PfDNV play a key role in the rescue and gene correction process: sequence at the junction of the terminal palindrome of PfDNV genome and the pUC119 can form typical Holliday structure, it can be cutted by the special endonuclease, then the exposed 3'hairpin structure serving for a self-primer to initiate viral DNA replication; and the intact extremity acting as a template to repair another altered end within inverted terminal repeats.

说明存在着一种拯救和基因修复机制，推测与PfDNV基因组末端结构（Hairpin、ITR）有密切关系：PfDNV基因组与pUC119质粒连接处可形成Holliday结构而被识别该结构的核酸内切酶所切割，游离下的基因组3'发夹结构作为引物起始复制，然后被置换链的完整的5'ITR作为模板修复部分缺失的另一端ITR，推测这个过程需要病毒NS蛋白以及细胞因子的参与。

The unbonded partially prestressed concrete flat-beam frame structure has been used in the practice project in our country, but the aseismatic study of this structure is not perfect at present, study on theory is lagged behind the demand of engineering apply. It has important theoretic meaning and applied value to go deep into the examinational study about the prestressed concrete flat-beam frame structures.This thesis sums up the study of the RC flat-beam frame structure, the PC frame structure, the steel-fiber concrete, the performance of the steel-fiber concrete and its influence to the seismic resistance of the frame.

近年来国内已经开始在实际工程中采用无粘结部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架结构，但是目前对这种结构形式的抗震研究工作还不完善，理论研究已滞后于工程应用的需要，因此深入进行扁梁框架结构的研究，在经济合理的情况下确保该结构的抗震安全性具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。