结构方程

The ridge－loaded helical traveling wave tube is a new kind of high power millimeter wave device. The "hot" dispersion equation of this circuit loaded with an electronic beam is presented in this paper, and the Downhill method is used to solve the transcendental equation.

脊加载螺旋槽行波管是一类新型毫米波大功率器件，给出了此结构中引入电子注后的"热"色散方程，并利用"牛顿"下山法求解了此复系数超越方程。

However, we can not get the film parameters directly because the ellipsometer equation is a transcendental equation. We can hardly get the analytical solution for film parameters from the measured ellipsometric parameters Ψ and Δ. Therefore, to find an algorithm to inverse the measured data Ψ and Δ becomes a primary but important problem.

但是通过椭圆偏振测量只能得到椭偏参数Ψ和Δ，由椭偏参数求解薄膜结构参数的椭偏方程是一个超越方程，很难得到精确的解析解，因此一般采用数值反演迭代不断逼近测量数据，将最优解作为测量结果。

Indoor flexural fatigue tests are carried out, the results are analyzed and two types of double logarithm fatigue equation under different stress level andequivalent stress level are got. Using the fatigue equation, the fatigue performance of porous concrete and common semi-rigid base materials and cement concrete are compared, the fatigue stress coefficient which is used in the load stress calculation for porous concrete as undersurface of cement concrete pavement and the tensile strength structure coefficient which is used in the flexural stress check for porous concrete as base of asphalt pavement are obtained.

进行室内小梁弯拉疲劳试验，对疲劳试验数据进行分析，得出多孔混凝土不同失效概率下两种形式的双对数疲劳方程，利用疲劳方程，将其疲劳性能与常用半刚性基层材料和水泥混凝土进行比较，还得出了多孔混凝土作为水泥混凝土路面下面层荷载应力计算的疲劳应力系数，和作为沥青路面基层层底弯拉应力验算的抗拉强度结构系数。

Using the fatigue equation, the fatigue performance of porous concrete and common semi-rigid base materials and cement concrete are compared, the fatigue stress coefficient which is used in the load stress calculation for porous concrete as undersurface of cement concrete pavement and the tensile strength structure coefficient which is used in the flexural stress check for porous concrete as base of asphalt pavement are obtained.

进行室内小梁弯拉疲劳试验，对疲劳试验数据进行分析，得出多孔混凝土不同失效概率下两种形式的双对数疲劳方程，利用疲劳方程，将其疲劳性能与常用半刚性基层材料和水泥混凝土进行比较，还得出了多孔混凝土作为水泥混凝土路面下面层荷载应力计算的疲劳应力系数，和作为沥青路面基层层底弯拉应力验算的抗拉强度结构系数。

Then the element equation and unit tangent rigid matrix are deducted on the basis of description of UL coordiate and principle of imaginary, the balance equation and overall tangent rigid matrix are integrated via introduction of terminal condition, and the nonlinear equation group is finally parsed on the basis of combination method of Newton-Raphson and increment.

接着基于U.L 坐标描述，从虚功原理出发推导出单元的平衡方程和单元切线刚度矩阵，引入边界处理条件集成了整体结构的平衡方程和总切线刚度矩阵，并采用Newton—Raphson 法和增量法相结合的方法求解非线性方程组。

The distribution of gear's contact stress, root stress, and contact engagement line in the engagement situation of gear pairs, were obtained on the base of explicit integration method. 3. Adopting the method of system matrix, the torsional vibration differential equation of general shafting was gained. The simple harmonic forms of excitation torque under the normal combustion or piston flameout of in-line engine and v-type engine were analysed. The decoupled algorithm of free vibration and forced vibration and the solution to the vibration damper's energy of resistance and the off-resonance calculation were studied. The sensitivity formulations of the natural frequency and vibration mode to physical parameters of system were derived by solving the eigenvalue problem. These sensitivity formulations provided the theoretical base for the dynamic modification of structure.

运用系统矩阵法建立了轴系的扭振微分方程，并对直列和V型发动机在正常发火和气缸熄火工况下的激振力矩进行了详细的简谐分析；基于精确方法推导了自由振动和强迫振动的解耦算法，给出了能量法计算中的减振器阻尼功求解和非共振计算方法；并研究了曲轴系扭振非线性分析中的变惯量问题，得到了单缸转动惯量的精确求解公式以及变惯量和固有频率的关系式；最后，从特征方程和振型正交性出发，推导了固有频率和振型对轴系转动惯量和刚度等物理参数的灵敏度，为扭振系统的结构动力学修改提供了理论基础。

By use of singularity functions, a new analyzing model of vertical member in structural analysis of high rise buildings was established, and the matrix equation was also presented.

介绍了奇异函数的特点，利用奇异函数建立了一种新的高层结构竖向构件分析模型，给出了基本柔度矩阵方程，并讨论了方程的基本性质和意义。

It adopts Reynolds time-average N-S equation and k-s turbulence model to calculate the inner 3-D viscid turbulence flow of hydraulic turbine. In the unstructured grid, the governing equations are discredited with Finite Volume Method based on Finite Element Method. And the pressure correction method is proposed in numerical calculations.

然后采用基于雷诺时均N-S方程与标准k-ε湍流模型来计算水轮机三维粘性湍流场，在非结构化网格中，采用基于有限元的有限体积法对方程进行离散，用压力校正法进行数值求解。

In order to understand the weak solutions like piece-wise smooth solution, we must investigate the structures and properties of global smooth solution.

一般情况下，要研究清楚分块光滑解等常见的弱解，我们必须研究光滑解尤其是全局光滑解的结构和性质，这是研究高维守恒律方程方程全局解的基础。但用以往的处理方法一般来说是很困难的。

Due to the moving base existence of the minehunting and the frame structure characteristic of the sonar array, a new modeling thought in which the boat body coordinates is regarded as moving coordinates and the whirligig equation of sonar array compared with the self coordinates is founded on the basis of the Euler's theorem and the coordinate transform is introduced.

由于猎雷艇作为动基座的存在和声纳基阵的框架结构特点，提出了以艇体坐标系为运动坐标系，运用变形的欧拉定理和坐标变换建立声纳基阵相对自身坐标系的旋转运动方程的建模思想；将所建立的矢量形式的动力学模型展开整理，获得了状态矩阵形式的猎雷声纳基阵动力学方程，为系统动力学模型的实用化奠定了基础。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷