结构工程

In addition, it establishes math model about the best benefit in condition of different crop with different condition. Making computer analogue test with the example of Guantao county in Handan, the result shows that it reaches the goal of exploiting and using water resource reasonability by adjusting the agriculture pattern of plant and other related measure, through which the rainfall resource can be self-balance satisfy every agricultural need in one district in one year or many years.

另外建立了不同条件下种植不同作物获取最优效益的数学模型，以邯郸馆陶县为实例进行了计算机模拟计算，输出结果分析说明通过种植结构调整等相关工程措施达到了合理开发利用水资源的目的，最终确定适当的工程措施和农业种植结构，使研究区内的雨水资源量达到年内或多年的自平衡的灌溉模式。

Took Chongqing Gong-he tunnel as an engineering example and studied the failure mechanism of surrounding rock and the correlation with bolt support system by using the methods of theoretical analysis, modeling test, numerical simulation and in situ test, some helpful conclusions were arrived as follows.Firstly, a new failure criterion for transversely isotropic rock mass was proposed with consideration of bedding plane orientation and major principal stress, and the corresponding algorithm, arrived through VC++6.0, can be easily embedded into the software FLAC3D for the geotechnical calculation.

论文在国家自然科学基金专项基金创新群体基金项目(No.50621403)以及国家自然科学基金重点项目"隧道与地下空间工程结构物的稳定性与可靠性(No.50334060)"的资助下，以共和隧道为示范工程，运用理论分析、物理模型实验、数值模拟和现场测试等手段，对共和隧道大埋深段层状岩体的围岩变形破坏机理、锚杆支护力学效应及围岩-支护结构的变形特征等内容进行了研究，其主要研究成果有：①在总结和探讨国内外学者提出的层状岩体经验型连续介质破坏准则基础上，结合层状岩体力学特性，考虑层面方向和最大主应力方向两个影响因素，提出了共和隧道层状岩体横观各向同性破坏准则；采用汇编语言VC++6.0实现了横观各向同性弹塑性本构关系的算法，并嵌入FLAC3D有限差分数值分析软件接口中实现数值运算。

The comprehensive treatment project of Tong Ken landslide consists of whittling slope、anti-landslide pile with anchoring cable、retaining wall、building ground drainages leveling off and calking slope、vegetation protection etc. After managing, under the action of earthquake load and watery the stability coefficient of landslide is up to 1.10.Then, this text researches the structural optimization design of anti-slide pile with anchoring cable. On the condition that the width of section is invariable, the height of section is confirmed by structural optimization method. This will change traditional method to optimize the height of section so that design is simplified and cost is lower.

最终选用的的综合治理方案是由削方、锚索抗滑桩、护坡挡墙、地表排水、整坡填缝、生物防护等多种工程措施优化组合而成，治理后，在饱水有地震荷载状态下滑坡的安全系数可达1.10论文重点是主要对锚索抗滑桩的桩身结构优化设计进行了研究，在给定抗滑桩截面宽度的条件下，运用结构优化的方法来确定抗滑桩截面高度，改变传统迭代计算方法确定桩截面尺寸，使抗滑桩截面高度取最优值，达到简(来源：ABC4a论文8d网www.abclunwen.com)化设计和降低工程造价之目的。

In this paper,the structure ecotype,the structural characteristics and the method to deal with horizon thrust force are introduced.

本文简单论述了该工程中的结构选型、受力特点和水平推力的处理方法，并根据本工程提出了设计空间桁架结构时应该注意的一些问题

ANSYS has friendly operating environment, strong functions and perfected post-processing. ANSYS can be applied to a lot of project fields and it can carry out structure analysis, nonlinear analysis, thermal analysis, electromagnetic field analysis, electric field analysis, fluid flow analysis and coupled field analysis etc.A combination beam is designed and on this beam simulation test using ANSYS and strength test using electrometric method are studied and contrasted. The result of the test shows that the ANSYS is reliable and can be applied to the engineering design and calculation without accident.

ANSYS软件是融结构、流体、电场、磁场、声场设计计算于一体的大型CAE软件，经过30多年的发展，取得了辉煌的成绩，并形成很多独有功能；ANSYS使用环境友好，功能强大，后处理技术完善；ANSYS在各类工程领域均有应用，可进行结构分析、非线性分析、热分析、电磁场分析、电场分析、流体流动分析、耦合场分析等；设计制造了一个组合梁，分别对其进行了ANSYS静力学强度数值模拟和电测法应力试验，对结果进行了对比分析，试验结果表明：ANSYS功能强大，分析数据安全可靠，可放心用于工程设计与计算。

It introduces the developing actuality and researching background of magnetic aerotrain pier temperature changes,elaborates the problems existed in the project and the needs of track structure,material and accuracy,and brings forward a temperature grads mode which suits the track pier of magnetic aerotrain,so as to make economic,accurate guidance and reference for project design.

介绍了磁悬浮轨道梁结构温度变形的发展现状与研究前景，对轨道梁的结构、材料、精度要求以及工程中出现的问题做了全面的阐述，并提出了一种适合磁悬浮列车轨道梁的温度梯度模式，以便及时地为工程设计提供经济、准确的依据和指导。

Schwartz (1974), a simplified method to calculate higher order waves is developed by using mapping transformation method and optimization algorithm in this paper.

该方法可以方便的用于海洋结构物在波浪作用下的运动与荷载计算，具有工程上可以接受的精度。当前，海洋结构物波浪荷载的计算，大多限于线性波理论及低阶的非线性波理论，有时是不能满足工程需要的。

In order to meet the requirements of light weights,high specific strength and high specific moduli for a space payload,the advantages and disadvantages of the engineering materials used in the supports of the space payload were analyzed,and the feasibility of the application of the carbon/epoxy composites to the support structures was explored.

为了满足航天有效载荷轻型化、高比强度、高比模量的要求，分析了航天有效载荷支撑结构常用工程材料的优缺点；阐述了碳/环氧复合材料在航天有效载荷承力支撑结构中应用的可行性；介绍了该材料在航天有效载荷中的实际工程应用及相关设计方法。

This thesis proposes a stochastic analysis method of risk assessment for breakwater wave overtopping and stability by physical experiments and calculated results by design codes.

由于奥帆工程的安全问题关系到奥帆赛成功举办和国际声誉，因此其水工结构经过了有关单位的设计并通过了大量的物理模型试验和数值模拟验证，但无论是"设计规范"还是物模试验都没有考虑到复杂多变的海洋环境的不确定性及其对工程设计的影响可能会导致工程在使用的过程中出现意外，因此必须对工程的设计进行系统的风险分析。

This thesis dedicated to research the investment control of BT project, researched the risk in the program construction, the compose portion and the factors effecting the investment. The research includes the conception and the character of the BT project; the actualize process and the questions should be pay attention to; the conditions of BT contract and the sector of the compose poison of the contract price. In this part researched the conception of the BT purchase price and concluded that the relation between the purchase price and the investment. Then studied the risk factors that effect the investment according to the character of the project and then brought forward several advices of the contract item about how to share the risk. Studied compose sector and it's calculatingly methods of the construction cost which is the main part of the investment, then studied how to control the cost during the construct process and analyzed project variations as well as how control that. In the end, researched the capital cost of BT program, the main content include the concept of the capital cost, the calculatingly methods using the engineering economic method, the method writer suggest in the thesis according to the project practice, how to control the capital cost, mainly through setting up an account and inspecting it, and regulating the program financing rate in reason.

本论文的研究重点即BT项目的投资控制，围绕该问题，本论文的主要研究内容有，从BT模式和BT项目的基本分析开始，研究了BT模式的基本概念、BT项目的运作过程、基本特征；研究了BT项目的合同条件和合同价款，该部分分析了BT项目的合同结构、BT项目的承发包工作范围、BT项目的回购价款组成和确定；根据项目建设特征分析了影响BT项目投资的风险因素，并且提出了在对风险进行分配和分担类合同条款制定时建议；建设工程费用是构成BT投资的主体费用，本文对其各组成部分的基本构成、计算方式进行了分析，研究了实施过程中管理控制和工程变更及变更控制的问题；文章的最后对构成BT项目投资的资金成本进行了探讨，分析了资金成本的概念和形成，运用工程经济学的基本理论分析了资金成本各部分的基本计算方式，依据现有的工程实践情况提出了本文建议的计算方式，最后分析了如何对资金成本进行控制――主要通过设立资金账户对其进行监管以及对项目融资的利率进行合理规定。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。