结构体

To collect RGCs photographs by Leica microscope with Z axis and CCD camera;to observe the changes of diameter, variance of structural features in dendritic field and somata after classification which according to the size and morphology.

方法用基因枪技术标记病程3个月的糖尿病大鼠和正常同龄大鼠的RGC，用带Z轴的Leica显微镜和CCD照相机采集RGC照片，按树突和胞体大小及形态分类后比较各组细胞树突野、胞体直径变化及其结构特征变异。

The margin of the white matter tract become more clearly with the increasing of the number of gradient encoding directions, especially the detail of the brain stem. But the measured FA of the centrum semiovale, genu and splenium of corpous callosum, the internal capsule, thalamus and the pons with 6, 13 and 21 diffusion gradient encoding directions showed no statically difference.

随着弥散梯度编码方向的增加，FA图质量提高，对白质纤维束细节的显示也更清楚，尤其是对脑干结构的分辨，但成像时间延长；3种不同弥散梯度编码方向的DTI扫描方案所观察到的半卵圆中心、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、内囊、丘脑及桥脑的FA值不存在统计学显著性差异。

Through simulation of the real process of thomcolumbar burst fracture and use of modem dynamics techniques, the present study was (1) to investigate the kinetic relationship between structural damage and impact energy absorption and dynamics mechanism of thoracolumbar burst fracture by quantitative analysis of various injured segments;(2) to explore the instability mechanism of L1 vertebral burst fracture and its injury threshold by three-dimensional analysis of the injured segment with stereophotogrammetry in combination of transient physical parameters, anatomy and image;(3) to explore the corresponding relationships between impact energy, geometry parameters and biomechanics by geometry and biomechanical analysis of thoracolumbar burst fracture, which may provide an objective standard for evaluation of spinal injury severity and experimental evidence for adoption of biomechanical treatment in clinic;(4) to evaluate the fixation effect of different instruments and the effect of intervertebral bone graft on segment fixation by analysis of the threedimensional stability of different internal fixation instruments and their decompression of the spinal canal, which may provide experimental evidence for therapeutical selection for thoracolumbar burst fracture in future; and finally to investigate the effect of various instrument fixation on dynamical characteristics by comparison and quantitative analysis of frequency and amplitude responses, which may provide certain theories and experimental evidence for application of vibration test to judge the stability of the spine.

本研究从胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折发生的实际过程出发，以现代动力学检测及计算机多通道高性能数据采集分析系统等高新技术为基础，实时量化分析损伤节段的工程参数，揭示了结构破坏与能量吸收的变化规律，探讨了胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的瞬态损伤机制；利用三维立体摄像技术，对不同损伤程度的节段进行三维运动分析，结合瞬态物理参数、影像学和病理解剖，明确了〓椎体爆裂骨折的失稳机制及损伤阈值；通过对胸腰椎爆裂骨折的几何学变化及生物力学分析，明确了撞击能量与几何参数、几何参数与生物力学的相应关系，为评判脊柱损伤程度提供了客观标准，为治疗中采取适宜的生物力学方法提供了实验依据；通过对比分析不同内固定器械的三维稳定性和对椎管的减压作用，评价不同器械的复位固定作用，同时比较椎体间植骨对节段固定作用的影响，为今后临床胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的治疗选择提供依据；利用振动测试与分析技术，比较及量化分析了不同致伤状况的频幅响应特征，比较分析了各种器械固定对动力学特性的影响，为今后临床建立基于振动测试与分析技术判断脊柱稳定性的诊断方法，提供了一定的理论和实验依据。

The most distinctive substructural feature of the stress-induced martensite after deformation at the characteristic temperature and in the critical strain range is the presence of the (001)〓 twins. Based on the analysis of the stability and shape memory effect of various kinds of martensite, the concept of stability of deformed stress-induced martensite was proposed and explained by the mechanism for the formation of the (001)〓 twins.

在综合分析各种马氏体的稳定性和记忆效应的基础上，提出了形变应力诱发马氏体稳定性的概念，并以其（001）〓孪晶亚结构的形成机制给以较为圆满的解释。

Comparisons between the experimental and computational IR spectra clarify the difference of the open- and closed-ring isomers, which indicate that it is possible to identify the tautomeric form of this diarylethene derivative using a highly selective infrared absorption band and the strong absorption at 1 705 cm-1 of the ring-closed isomer can be used in non-destructive readout by IR light.

通过红外吸收光谱表征了该光致变色二芳基乙烯衍生物在溶液中开、关环前后结构的变化，并采用理论化学计算方法研究了该化合物开、关环异构体的红外吸收振动特性。光致变色异构化过程可以通过红外吸收光谱的变化而识别。关环异构体在1 705 cm

When the steel changed in form between Ms and Md,its tensibility enhanced considerably due to s train-induced martensite transformations and transformation-induced plasticity of retained austenite.

该钢在Ms-Md温度之间形变时，应变诱导残留奥氏体向马氏体转变，使结构钢也能产生相变诱发塑性［3］。

The nitrides with high specific surface area from oxide precursor can be prepared through temperature-programmed reduction via topotactic reaction in ammonia or nitrogen under strict reduction conditions.

在基本不破坏氧化物前驱体晶体结构和严格的氮化条件下，氧化物前驱体通过程序升温氮化经由&局部规整反应&可以制备出高表面积的过渡金属氮化物。

The central Ni ions are coordinated by six nitrogen atoms from the two I single tridentate ligands L and possess distorted octahedral geometry.

中心镍离子与两个配体上的六个氮原子配位构成变形八面体结构。

The results are following:(1)We investigated the influence of the positional isomeric effect on structures.Due to the less space-crowding,it is easier for 3-pytpy to behave as bridging ligand than 2-pytpy under the same reaction conditions,while,it is easier for 2-pytpy to function as tridentate chelating ligand to construct supramolecular structures.

研究结果如下：(1)研究了两个吡啶取代三联吡啶配体的位置异构效应对配合物结构的影响。3-pytpy配体比2-pytpy具有更小的空间位阻，在相同的合成条件下容易以单-三齿桥联方式配位；而2-pytpy更易以三齿螯合形式配位，通过π…π堆积作用形成超分子结构。

Both iron atoms of the binuclear unit are bridged by one oxy atom and two acetate groups. Each iron atom is also bound to facially - coordinating tridentate IDB ligand with the aliphatic nitrogen donor situated trans to theμ- oxy atom. Each iron centers is in a distorted octahedral symmetry.

每个双核单元的两个铁原子均通过一个氧原子和两个醋酸根连接，每个铁原子同时还与位于桥氧原子对位的三齿配体IDB重脂肪链上氮原子相结合，每个铁中心为一变形八面体结构。

It was Napoleon, the immense somnambulist of this dream which had crumbled, essaying once more to advance.

那人便是拿破仑，梦游中的巨人，他还想往前走，去追寻那崩塌了的幻境。

This method alleviates the highly dependent on domain knowledge experts. The quality and efficiency of the KBS were improved.

使用这种设计方法减小了对领域知识专家的严重依赖，提高了知识系统开发的质量和效率。