结构

Based on the structural theory of general systems this paper sets forth a general mathematical model of material levels which include atoms molecules and molecular congeries .

微观还原论无法揭示物质涌现性的根源，以及物质结构与性质之间的相互关系，基于一般系统结构理论，建立了物质在原子，原子基团，分子和分子聚集体等层次上的统一的数学模型，即物质系统结构模型，通过对该模型的数学分析，研究了环境与物质结构，物质行为，物质状态之间的相互关系。

Since the reform and opening to the outside world in China, with the constant adjustment of ownership structure and production relation, China has experienced great changes of stratum structure and stratified differentiation, which brings complex impact on political participation mechanism, simultaneous, political participation affects the process of social stratum changes in a degree.

改革开放以来，随着所有制结构和生产关系的不断调整，我国社会阶层分化日益明显，阶层结构发生了重大的变迁。阶层结构的变化给我国的政治参与机制带来了十分复杂的影响，同时公民政治参与也在一定程度上影响阶层结构变迁的进程。

Since the reform and opening to the outside world in China, with the constant adjustment of ownership structure and production relation, China has experienced great changes of stratum structure and stratified differentiation, brings complex impact on political participation mechanism, simultaneous, political participation affects the process of social stratum changes in a degree.

改革开放以来，随着所有制结构和生产关系的不断调整，我国阶层分化日益明显，阶层结构发生了重大的变迁。阶层结构的变化给我国的参与机制带来了十分复杂的，同时公民政治参与也在一定程度上影响阶层结构变迁的进程。

As the constriction of fiscal function, we have paid much more attention on the efficiency of state-owned assets investment.

本文试图在规范分析的基础上结合实证分析的方法对国有资产投资主体结构及目标结构，部门结构及区域结构的发展沿革进行考察分析，找出他们之间的内在联系。

By combination of balance equations of electron energy, current continuity equation and distribution function of electron energy, a model to simulate the coaxial RF discharge is set up.

结果表明：对于同轴环形波导，存在三种形式的低耦合损失谐振腔结构，即半共焦结构、半共心结构和平行平面腔结构。

Firstly, this paper investigated roundly the basic theory of the ambient vibration method, analyzed systematically the main methods of ambient vibration identification, and discussed their advantages and disadvantages. Then we established the finite element model of structural dynamics and test model and analyzed their mutual relation, improved MUSIC method and correlation function method in the harmonic identification, and gave the subspace method and correlation function method based on continuous model, which is multi-harmonic retrieve technique. And then, this paper also puts forward least-squares method to estimate directly structural physical and modal parameters; this approach replaced the derivative operator in the continuous time model with an equivalent approximation, and estimated the physical parameters of structures by the least-squares method. And then, we discussed the approximation methods of derivative and their convergence. Finally, this paper researched the modal parameters of a frame structure by the simulation and test. The results demonstrated that subspace method, correlation function method and the least-squares method are effective and stable respectively.

全面地研究环境振动识别方法的基本理论，系统地分析环境振动识别方法的主要方法，讨论它们的优点和不足；建立结(来源：6666AB44C论文网www.abclunwen.com)构动力学的有限元模型和试验模型，分析有限元模型与试验模型之间的相互关系；改进谐波识别中的MUSIC识别方法和相关函数识别方法，给出大型结构模态识别的连续型的子空间分解识别方法和相关函数识别方法，这个方法是多元谐波识别方法；提出直接识别结构的物理参数和模态参数的最小二乘方法，这个方法利用导数的近似值代替导数值，并运用最小二乘方法识别结构的物理参数，讨论导数近似值的选择方法，分析算法的收敛性；通过仿真计算和模型实验，研究高层框架结构的模态参数识别，验证子空间分解识别方法、相关函数识别方法和最小二乘识别方法的有效性，算法的稳定性；从理论和试验两个方面分析和研究噪声对识别精度的影响，影响识别精度的因素，以及部分模态成分的模态参数不能够被识别的原因。

Some key problems of line structured light sensor is given comprehensive studies theoretically and practically, which include the analysis of sensor's mathematic model; the improvement of the key parts of the sensor, the light source and imageforming system; the method of on-line measurement and the evaluate of BGA coplanarity. These studies are supported by corresponding satisfactory experiments. This dissertation covers the following aspects concerning the main work and creative research in the subject: 1. The operating theories and features of pattern measuring methods are systematically introduced.

本文成功地将线结构光传感器应用于BGA芯片管脚共面性的在线测试，并针对线结构光传感器测量的一些关键问题进行了深入细致的研究和探讨：建立了线结构光传感器的模型并对结构参数进行了详细的分析，针对传感器的关键环节—光源和成象系统的改进都提出了创新性的理论和方法，对管脚形状比较复杂的BGA芯片球栅阵列的在线测试方法和评定方法进行了理论研究和实验分析，并获得了满意的结果。

For analysis of traditional experimental modal, hammer and shaker are often used to force the structure as the clamped-clamped beam to raise the vibration of the structure, meanwhile accelerometer is placed on the structure as a sensor, then the modal parameter could be found.

传统实验模态分析大多使用冲击鎚或激振器施加点力於结构例如固定梁，做为驱动器激发结构的振动，利用加速度计做为感测器置於结构上，以求取结构之模态参数，但传统之模态实验设备都有实验操作不易以及价格昂贵的缺点。

In common drill processing of standard countersink,there are some disadvantages such as complicated operation,low productivity,high frequency of tools damage and the product quality can not be guaranteed.This paper gives an analysis on different states of front axle U-bolt fastening face during machining,and then makes a dissection of the ...

本文详细分析了汽车前桥U型螺栓紧固面加工过程中的不同状态，对采用标准结构锪钻加工过程的缺点进行了剖析，介绍了一种与标准锪钻结构不同的新型锪钻结构，其结构简单、使用方便、生产率高，产品精度可有效保证，值得在此类产品加工中推广应用。

The basic structure of the circuit is two stage cascade, in which were a CE structure as input and a Darlington structure as output.

电路的基本结构采用两级放大结构，以共发射极结构作为输入级，以达林顿结构作为输出级。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。