结晶

The results indicated that following the increase of acetanilide loading, PVC crystalline was raised first and then decreased, when acetanilide content was 3%, PVC crystalline reached the maximum and the tensile strength was the strongest; the micro morphology was changed from an even cloud-like structure to an fiber like network, and the perfection of the network was raised first and then lowered, as made the elongation at rupture rise first and then decline.

结果表明：随着乙酰苯胺质量分数的增加，PVC结晶度先增后降，当乙酰苯胺质量分数为3%时，PVC结晶度最大，拉伸强度也最大；微观结构逐渐由均匀的云片状结构变成网络结构，且网络的完善性先增后降，使得材料的韧性先增后降。

In this paper,acetanilide,adipic acid and potassium hydrogen phthalate were chosen as additives to advance polyvinyl chloride to crystallize. The effects of compress mold,annealing temperature and time,additive property and loading on the crystallization,microscopicmorphology and mechanical properties of PVC were studied by means of wide angle X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimetry,fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer,scanning electron microscopeand tensile test.

本文利用乙酰苯胺、己二酸和邻苯二甲酸氢钾作为聚氯乙烯结晶改性的添加剂，通过广角X-射线衍射法、差示扫描量热法、傅立叶转换红外光谱、扫瞄电镜和万能电子实验机研究了热压、热处理温度和时间、添加剂结构和质量分数对PVC结晶、微观形态和宏观机械性能的影响。

During solid-state polycondensation of crystaHine nylon 66 salt(Hexamethylenediam-monium adipate) the mechanism of reaction,crystalline morphologies and the relations of thermal behaviour to the thermal history for the nasent nylon 66 have been studied by the use of a number of techniques including determination of conversion rate and of intrinsic viscosities,IR,polarized light microscopy,SEM and DSC.

采用测定转化率和特性粘数、红外光谱、偏光显微镜、扫描电镜和DSC等方法，研究了结晶尼龙66盐固态缩聚过程的反应历程、初生态尼龙66的结晶形态及其热行为与热历史的关系。

The results show that the shape of meniscus is non-homogeneous because of the structure of the rectangular mold, and the height of meniscus will enlarge as increasing the power, and at the same time the meniscus fluctuate aggregately. The coil should be placed near the top of the mold and the initial free surface level should be placed in the middle of the coil in practice.

结果表明：由于矩形电磁软接触结晶器本身的结构限制，其弯月面沿周向上的分布具有不均匀性；随电源功率增大，弯月面高度增大，同时波动加剧；实际生产中线圈应尽量靠近结晶器口部位置安装，有利于提高弯月面高度和增强弯月面稳定性；浇注过程中，应该使浇注液面尽可能的控制在线圈中心偏上位置；当电源频率增大时，应该同时适当的提高电流来保证软接触效果。

The simulations show that the air gap is initial at the corner of billet.

过大的结晶器锥度将使坯壳受到结晶器壁的"挤压"作用。

After acetylation of cellulose, the allomorph of CTA changed and the crystallinity decreased; however, amorphism is dominant in CDA obtained by hydrolysis from CTA and spinning resulted in the reduction of crystallinity in CDA.

纤维素乙酰化后形成CTA，其晶型发生变化，结晶度降低；而CTA水解后得到的CDA，无定形占明显优势，纺丝过程中的取向又会进一步降低CDA的结晶度。

There are 8.6%~10.91% foreign matter in the sphenes, in which radioactive elements of strontium, cesium and uranium range from 4.26% to 4.58%. The change of structural cell parameters of sphenes is still very little,Δa=-0.0009 nm~0.0041 nm,Δb=0.0018 nm~0.0004 nm,Δc=0.0002 nm~0.0048 nm,Δβ=-0.10°~0.09° with high crystallinity of 99.27%~96.46%. Though, the age of sphene from the Fenghuang Mountain is about 1000 Ma, and experienced 775 Ma~1758 Ma geological evolvement and alpha decay, its crystallinity only decreased 3%, and its crystal shape and structure are still fine, indicating that sphene is of good ability to solidify radioactive elements. Therefore, sphenes are ideal minerals for solidifying nucleus waste.

通过对北祁连牛心山变质杂岩体中榍石(775Ma)和山西凤凰山花岗岩中榍石(1758Ma)的XRD及EDS等测试与研究，结果表明：两地榍石的杂质元素质量分数高达8.6%~10.91%，放射性核素锶、铯和铀的质量分数达4.26%~4.58%；晶胞参数的变化极小，△a=-0.0009nm~0.0041nm、△b=0.0018nm~0.0004nm、△c=0.0002nm~-0.0048nm、△β=-0.10°~0.09°，结晶度仍高达99.27%~96.46%，榍石经过10×10^8a的地质作用，结晶度仅减少了3%，显示榍石固化放射性系列核素的能力较强，虽经历了约775Ma~1758Ma的复杂地质演化及其所含放射性核素的衰变作用，其晶体结构完好，稳定性极高，是值得期待的理想核废物固化矿物。

Moreover, the electromagnetic flux density and meniscus height increase in the form of chequerboard with increasing of slit number. The numerical results can exactly illuminate some experimental phenomena, and enrich the theoretical foundation of soft-contact continuous casting technology. In practice, a softcontact mold with slit number of 16 or 24 is recommended, the suggested frequency is around 20kHz, and the slit width is about 1mm.

结果表明：钢液对结晶器内的电磁场分布有很大影响；发现了磁感应强度和弯月面高度随电源频率增加而增大的频率范围、磁感应强度和弯月面高度随切缝数目增加呈&锯齿状&增大的规律；研究结果合理地解释了一些实验现象，完善了软接触结晶器电磁连铸技术的理论基础；建议在实际应用中采用分瓣数为16或24分瓣数的结晶器，电源频率应控制在20kHz左右，切缝宽度应控制在1mm左右。

On the basis of the crystallography, however, systematic investigation on crystalline habit of oxide crystal synthesized by hydrothermal processing, including single crystals and crystalline grains in ultrafine ceramics powder, is also a noticeable subject with theoretical and applicable significance, which has been studied in this article according to plentiful data of experiments obtained in research on crystal defects in synthetic smoky quartz, preparation of amethyst quartz and ultrafine zirconia and alumina powder by hydrothermal processing.

但以结晶学为基础，较系统地研究水热条件下氧化物晶体，包括单晶和陶瓷微粉中的晶粒的结晶习性和结晶动力学仍是一个值得重视的、既有理论意义又有应用价值的课题。本文通过对水热法人工烟水晶中的缺陷、人工紫水晶的生长、水热法超细ZrO〓粉体和Al〓O〓粉体的制备等研究，以较为丰富的实验资料基础上，在这一方面进行了探讨。

At first, the broth was acidified, then centrifuged to get mycelia, which was heated and powdered; finally we use acetic ether to soak the powder. After that, the phase of acetic ether was washed using the solution of ammonium sulfate and the solution of ethanedioic acid, then concentrated to gain pulps. It was crystallized at 4℃.The coarse crystals was decolorized by activated carbons, the pure needle crystal of lovastatin was obtained.

发酵液经酸化处理后，离心得到菌体，烘干后过筛得到菌粉；用乙酸乙酯浸泡，乙酸乙酯相需用(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液和草酸溶液洗涤两次；乙酸乙酯相经薄膜浓缩得到浆状物，于4℃结晶，得到粗晶体；再经粉末活性炭脱色和重结晶后得白色针状结晶，为lovastatin的纯品。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。