结合面

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

The research according to the 439 companies' directorate and monitorship composition, stock share contexture, administration style and pledge form 2000 to 2002 uses to apprize the sample's corporation governance performance to estimate the Olson model.

研究中采用2000年到2002年之439家上市公司为样本，以董监事组成、股权结构、管理型态及董监质押三个构面来为公司治理评分，结合Ohlson 模式，以验证公司治理与公司价值之攸关性，研究结果发现

Wastewater containing titanium pigment was treated by microfiltration membrane, Nanometer titanium can be purified and concentrated by use of microfiltration. Operational conditions were optimized and the model was built. Finally, the amount of wash water was reduced. Based on the above research, the whole set equipment was designed, which can meet the needs in a titanium industry with a capability of 500 ton per year. Backflush and automatic control were used in the equipment, which has been steadily run two years, has been widely adopted in titanium industry. The technology has been widely adopted in titanium industry.In the recent years, whole set equipment of ceramic membrane was increasingly used in the recovery of desired production from fermentation broth in China. A new membrane process integrated with pretreatment of flocculation or coagulation was exploited to recover Inosine. ZrO2 ceramic membrane was used in the work, and the average permeation flux could reach 150L/m2.h under pH value of 3, transmembrane pressure 0.1MPa, CFV 3m/s, and temperature higher than 70C. The recovery ratio of inosine is higher than traditional recovery method, although inosine degraded under acidic and high temperature condition.

实验表明，ZrO_2膜处理肌苷发酵液的合适条件为pH=3、操作压力为0.1MPa、膜面流速3m／s、温度大于70度，此时可以获得平均渗透通量150L／m~2h，但由于酸性条件、高温下肌苷降解，导致肌苷收率有所降低，但仍高于传统肌苷提取方法得到的收率；为进一步提高肌苷得率，缩短提取工序，实验研究了絮凝剂预处理发酵液，解决碱性条件下由于蛋白析出导致膜污染加重的问题，研究表明采用CaCl_2絮凝并调节pH=11，可以获得平均渗透通量为180L／m~2h，肌苷得率大于95％；比较了三种肌苷提取工艺得到的产品质量，采用预处理与陶瓷南京工业大学博士学位论文膜分离结合的除杂工艺得到的粗昔质量与陶瓷膜分离、离子交换及活性炭吸附工艺生产的粗普质量相当，均优于传统的提取工艺；设计了每小时处理12一巧吨肌普发酵液的陶瓷膜成套装置，采用部分内循环的方式降低设备的能耗，简化了肌昔提取方式，提高了产品的收率和得率，由于减少离子交换和活性炭吸附，使得工厂废水排放量降低30一40%，降低酸、碱用量，有利于环境保护。

Facial cosmetics face, hair, costumes, Baldric effective combination of local, have more co-ordinate the overall grasp of modern people for their own needs.

脸部妆面、发型、服饰、佩饰有效的结合，局部、整体的统筹掌握更加把握了现代人们对于自身的需求。

The length of NO bond diminished in N combined complexes and it lengthened in O combined complexes.

同时，对复合物的振动分析发现，在胞嘧啶中所有的与NO结合的N—H键的伸缩频率下降，而所有氨基的面内弯曲振动频率是增加的。

The effects of the interfacial bond strength,the embedded length of fiber and the thermal expansion coefficient on the fiber pullout process were studied.The results showed that the model ...

结果表明该模型能很好的解释纤维拔出的破坏过程，纤维的最大拔出力和材料的承载能力都随面结合强度、纤维的埋入长度和基体的热膨胀系数增大而增大；纤维与基体热膨胀系数的不匹配对摩擦拔出力有直接影响。

I found a couple of years ago can make insoles and durable material, so he used to make insoles, non-tight and durable, but also good to wear, to now also do not change, it is dedicated by the multi-layer fiber woven and synthetic rubber compounds made, divided into 3 layers, surface layer is the fiber fabric, middle layer and the bottom is rubber with heat and chemical energy in the precise combination of control, and fiber fabrics on each floor are different woven layers of synthetic fiber and natural fiber group into, the durability of the market than any of the insoles to be durable.

我早两年发现一种耐用可以做鞋垫的材料，于是就用来做鞋垫，不紧耐用，还很好穿，到现在还不用换，它是由多层专用纤织和合成橡胶化合物制成，分为3层，面层是纤织品，中间层和底层是橡胶用热能和化学能在精确控制中结合在一起的，纤织品每层都不同，纤织层是合成和天然纤维组成，耐用性比任何市面上的鞋垫都要耐用。

In combined with the blasting parameter design for the sectional blasting with a full length borehole in the coal bunker,the paper certified the rationality of the millisecond time set by the method.

根据爆破自由面形成的时间和破碎岩石飞行的时间，探讨了深孔爆破各作用炮眼的合理延期时间；同时结合全深度一次钻孔分段爆破煤仓的爆破参数设计，验证了利用该法确定微差时间的合理性。

After heat treatment at 1100C in air, the elements of the substrate and the bond coat diffuse and the diffusion of Ni is an uphill diffusion. The layer of r " phase and the layer of A12O3 or NiAl2O4 were formed at the interface of the substrate and the bond coat and at the interface of the bond/top coat, respectively. The thickness of the r " phase and the oxide layer increases with the increase of the time of the heat treatment.

经1100℃热处理，基体和底层中元素发生了相互扩散，并在界面析出γ'相，γ'的存在使界面的结合为冶金结合；在底层／面层界面由于底层被氧化和Al与ZrO_2氧化还原反应形成Al_2O_3等氧化物，Y'和氧化物的厚度随热处理时间延长而增加。

The floor cleaning slipper capable of being filled with liquid agent includes one vamp and one sole, and the sole includes one bottom cushion, one sole wall to form a holding space, one cleaning body around the holding space and at least ojne filling hole structure, comprising one hollow nail and one buckling ring in the sole wall.

本发明是有关一种可填充液剂的擦拭鞋，其具有一鞋底与一鞋面，该鞋底大致包括一中底垫、一鞋墙、一擦拭体与至少一灌浆孔结构。鞋墙包围的结合于中底垫的周缘部位并形成有一中底容置空间；擦拭体套设填充于中底容置空间；灌浆孔结构是由一中空钉与一扣环所构成，其结合于鞋墙上。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。