结合量

Adopting macro(survey data and statistical data)and micro data combined methods,thedissertation,studies the relationship between nitrogen application amount and yield,nitrogenefficiency and environment loss from province,region,city,county,and township different level,assesses rationality of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer application amount of paddyfield ecosystem in Tai lake area,discusses ecological and economic nitrogen application amountcombining with field experiment results,puts forward the suggestions of nitrogen sustainablemanagement in Tai lake area.

文章采用宏观和微观相结合的研究方法，从省域、流域、县域、乡域等不同尺度来研究江苏太湖地区氮肥施用与产量、氮肥利用率及氮肥环境损失的关系，对太湖地区稻田生态系统的NPK肥水平的合理性进行了评价，并结合田间试验的分析结果，探讨了生态经济施氮量，提出了太湖地区氮素可持续管理的建议。

Hallen type equations combined with almost entire domain polynomial representation of current distribution function are selected to attack the simulation, analysis and comparison of electromagnetic performance of the antenna array under different design parameters.

就高频地波雷达海洋环境监测的一种新颖宽窄波束、软硬件技术相结合的收发共用相控天线阵的设计，选用将Hallen方程与电流分布函数的殆全域多项式展开相结合的矩量法，分析比较了相控天线阵在不同设计参数下的电磁性能，重点分析了互耦的影响以及实施"收发共用"对阻抗匹配的苛刻要求和现有设计在该问题上的技术缺陷，得到了关于该天线阵工程设计的若干结论。

Environment radon is mainly from rock and soil in geological environment, but the research is not connected with geological environment now. On the basis of physical field, the theoretical distribution model of radon in soil and exchange model of earth—air are set up by using Fick diffusion law and Dacy law, and then the research of environment radon is linked with geological environment. This paper described how the evry parameter of the theoretical model influence the radon concentration in air. The results of research indicat that molecule diffusion of radon is different from it's eddy form. Under the condition of surface radon source, the model experiment is used to study the transportation and distribution of radon in medium. The data of experiment show the relationship between radon and depth can be described by exponent. If the radioelement is well—distributtion, the concentration of radon in different depth or in different point at the same depth change with time, but the accumulated exhalation amount of radon at different point on the surface of model are close in relative long time. The author studied the exchange of radon between mediums and verified the theoretical models too.

环境氡主要来自岩石、土壤，而目前环境氡研究中与地质环境结合很少，为此作者以物理场为基础，运用气体运移的费克扩散定律和达西定律，建立起壤中氡浓度分布与大地—大气间氡交换理论模型，首次在理论上将环境氡与地质环境结合起来；论文中从理论上讨论了模型中各参数对空气中氡浓度的影响，发现空气中氡运移的分子扩散方式和湍流扩散方式存在明显差异；通过面状氡源条件下的氡运移模型实验，研究了介质中氡的运移与分布，实验数据表明氡浓度随深度的变化规律可用指数函数描述，在放射性元素分布均匀的条件下，介质中不同深度和同一深度不同点的氡浓度随时间而变，但介质表面不同点在较长时间内向空气中累计释放的氡的量是相近的；同时研究了不同介质间氡的交换，并验证了所建立的理论模型；运用理论模型预测青岛市城区壤中氡浓度、江西临川一住宅区空气中氡浓度及江西二个测区的区域空气中氡浓度分布，取得了较好的效果。

In this thesis, I summarize the theoretical calculation method, applied scope and notice of siphonic drainage system, and point out the advantage of siphonic drainage system compared with gravitation drainage system. In the archetype experiment study of siphonic drainage tube, I adopt different tube diameter and different structural height to survey the drainage volume and press in different place. I observe various kinds of flow state, and get chief factors which influence hydraulic peculiarity of system as the tube diameter or structural height, and find out the relevance of factor to flux. I apply CFD Fluent software and adopt standard k-ε model and RNG k-ε model, then use finite volume method and second-order upwind scheme to discrete numerical model, while coupling numeration of velocity field and press is based on SIMPLE. In the numerical simulation of curved part of tube, siphonic drainage tube experiment system and multi-outlet siphonic drainage system, I make research on internal velocity and press of system in different project condition by changing the tube diameter of curved part, negative press value in tube export and improving the quantity of water gutter. This thesis first adopts a method of combining archetype experiment and numerical simulation to study the siphonic drainage system, test and verify the validity of experiment and numerical simulation, and makefurther study on system, it solves the problems of limited testing conditions, and has a logical results, it can provide a valid method for optimizing and designing the drainage tube-net system. The conclusion have referring value for study and design of siphonic drainage system.

本文首先对虹吸式排水系统理论计算方法、适用范围以及注意事项做出总结，并分析了虹吸式排水系统的优势；再对虹吸式排水管道进行原型试验研究，采用不同管径不同立管高度，对系统流量、管道压强进行量测，观察了各种工况下的流态，对其水力特性进行研究分析，找出影响水力特性的落差、管径主要因素以及与排水量的关系；进一步应用计算流体力学Fluent软件，采用标准κ-ε模型与RNGκ-ε模型，计算过程应用有限体积法和二阶迎风格式对数值模型进行离散，速度和压力的耦合采用SIMPLE算法，分别对系统弯管段、虹吸排水管道试验系统、多斗虹吸式排水系统进行数值模拟分析，通过改变管段弯头处半径、管段出口负压值、增加雨水斗数对不同工况下系统内部的速度和压力进行研究；本文首次采用结合原型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法，对虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统进行研究，试验与模拟相互验证，并进行拓展，很好地解决了虹吸式屋面雨水排水系统由于试验条件限制问题，结果正确合理，为排水管网系统设计和优化研究提供了有效的方法，对工程设计有较好的参考价值。

The long-term seepage control effects of the surrounding rocks of the underground powerhouse are performed by a stationary seepage analysis method combining the variational inequality formulation of Signorini's type with an adaptive penalty Heaviside function to guarantee the numerical stability and convergence. Meanwhile, the difficulty in finite element mesh generation is reduced and the calculation time and modeling accuracy are balanced with a global model of equivalent modeling and a submodel of accurate modeling for drainage hole array.

为确保数值计算的稳定性和收敛性，采用Signorini型变分不等式和自适应罚函数相结合的稳定渗流分析方法，对厂房围岩的长期渗控效应进行计算分析；同时，采用基于等效模拟的整体模型分析和基于精细模拟的子模型分析相结合的方法，以减小有限元建模难度并协调计算量和计算精度之间的矛盾。

METHODS: Five patients with an intracorporeal centrifugal left ventricular VAD, 10 patients with an axial LVAD and seven patients with a paracorporeal biventricular assist device were analysed preoperatively and 3 days (3.0+/-0.4 days, early), 2 weeks (14+/-1 days, intermediate) and 2 months (62+/-5 days, later) after VAD implantation for haptoglobin, haemopexin, free haemoglobin in plasma, LDH, total haemoglobin, haematocrit and transfusion requirements.

共计纳入使用体内离心性左室VAD患者5例、使用近心性LVAD患者10例、使用外置式双心室辅助装置患者7例，分析其在VAD植入术前、术后3天(3.0+/-0.4 天，早期)、2周(14+/-1 天，过渡期)和 2月(62+/-5天，后期)的结合珠蛋白，血红素结合蛋白，血浆中游离血红蛋白， LDH，总血红蛋白，红细胞压积和输血量。

Secondly, referring to the present study on the connotation of the medium-income group and its measurement of dividing, the paper puts forward the basis and method of the sexenary division of the citizens and defines of the medium-income group as a group of people whose income is just lower than the millionaire and billionaire, Similar to the "middle class" popular in the western countries in economy and politics. As tar as the measurement is concerned, the paper sets up the measurement considering both the quality and quantity on the basis of income. From the point of view of quality, the medium-incomes should be able to pay for the real estate, life-lone education, medical care and luxurious goods all or mostly by their personal income, inheritance or loan form banks. In addition, they should be capable of keeping their income rising steadily.

其次，结合当前学术界对中等收入者的内涵及其划分标准的研究现状，本文提出城乡居民六等分的依据和方法，将本文研究视野中的中等收入者概括为一类仅次于亿万富翁和百万富翁的高收入者，在经济特征上，类似于西方世界流行的&中产阶级&；在其划分标准上，确立了以收入作为划分不同群体的依据，衡量标准采用质与量相结合的方法，从质上看，中等收入者的收入应能全部或绝大部分通过借贷、继承等方式支付房产、教育、医疗、高档消费等支出，并具有可持续增长的收入能力。

In order to resolve the problems on model quality and data quantity in virtual city modeling, this paper discusses the 3D-model producing process including model-simplification process with modeling software such as 3DS MAX and MultiGen Creator. This processes is the foundation of romancing and roaming in virtual city on the Vage platform.

针对模型质量和数据量相矛盾的问题，分析了3DS MAX和MultiGen Creator各自的优点和不足，阐述了利用3DS MAX和MultiGen Creator相结合的模型构建方法，并以模型制作过程为例，探讨了两者相结合的一些关键技术，最后提出了一些亟待解决的问题。

The proper alkaline content was in favor of compressive strength. The chemically combined water of paste without activator decreases with the increase of fly ash content, the content of Ca2 decreases after 28d. The increase extent of chemically combined water of pastes with NaOH is higher than that of without activator, and the paste with Ca2 is the same. The XRD peak of Ca2 of paste without activator is high at early age, and the peak of mullite and quartz has less change along with age. When NaOH is added, the peak of quartz of fly ash has clear drop. The surfaces of fly ash activated has eroded trace at 7 d.

研究结果表明：适量碱的掺入对强度有利；未掺激发剂浆体的化学结合水量随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而减少，Ca2含量在28d后开始下降；掺NaOH浆体的结合水量随龄期增长的幅度比未掺激发剂的浆体的大，而掺Ca：试样变化较小；未掺激发剂的水泥－粉煤灰体系在早期Ca2的峰值较大，且粉煤灰中的莫来石和石英晶体的衍射峰随龄期变化不大；NaOH掺入后，28d时，粉煤灰中的石英晶体衍射峰明显下降；时于掺激发别的试样，在7d时粉煤灰颗粒表面已被腐蚀。

Brief probe hybridized with long target DNA, the hybridization position had no effects on the binding amount, but mid-position of hybridization would prolong the hybridization time, which was due to the steric hindrance on the surface.

结合位点不同对杂交量无明显影响，但由于晶体表面DNA空间结构的影响，结合位点位于靶序列中间时杂交时间明显延长。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。