经证实的

objective to analyze the ct appearance of thyroid carcinoma and the differential diagnosis of various thyroid disease.methods 83 cases of thyroid carcinoma and 119 cases of various benign disease with surgical and pathologically proved were analyzed retrospectively.results the ct findings of 83 cases of thyroid carcinoma include:ill defined nodules boundary (n=62),irregular necrosis(n=59),cystic(n=23),"peninsula" enhancing tubercles around the tumour(n=25),"mastoid" tubercles around the tumour(n=11),calcification(n=55) including large scale(n=27) and local(n=28),trachea invasion(n=15),neck or supraclavicular lymph node metastasis(n=27),the accurate of ct to differentia benignancy from malignancy on thyroid disease was 93.6%(189/202).conclusions "peninsula" enhancing tubercles was the characteristic sing of thyroid carcinoma,"mastoid" enhancing tubercles or large scale calcification was the affirmative sign,the ct signs was vary useful to differentiating thyroid disease.

摘 要］目的：分析甲状腺癌的ct表现及鉴别诊断要点。方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实的83例甲状腺癌和119例甲状腺良性病变的ct表现，归纳总结不同病变的ct特征。结果：83例甲状腺癌中：边界不清62例，不规则坏死59例，囊性变23例，出现"半岛状"强化结节25例，"乳头状"强化结节11例，钙化55例(其中弥漫性钙化27例、局灶钙化28例)，侵犯气管15例，颈部或锁骨上淋巴结肿大27例，ct对甲状腺病变的良恶性鉴别诊断符合率93.6%(189/202)。结论："半岛状"强化结节是甲状腺癌的特征性表现，"乳头状"强化结节及弥漫性钙化可做为甲状腺癌的肯定性征象，掌握各种甲状腺病变的ct表现特点，对病变的定性诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。

Materials and Methods:236 pathology-confirmed breast lesions(155 malignanty,81 benignancy) and 221 disease-free contralateral breast tissues were examined using EPI-DWIb values=0,1000 s/mm~2TR/TE=8400ms/93.8ms; FOV=30×30cm;matrix=128×128;ASSET=2,slice thickness=4mm.DCE-MR imaging was also performed for accurate location of the lesion using VIBRANT sequence.The mean ADC values of malignant and benign lesions and the disease-flee contralateral breast tissues were calculated from the ADC map for each patient.One-way analysis of variance was applied to compare the mean ADCs of malignant lesions with benign lesions and disease-flee contralateral breast tissues.The threshold ADC value for malignant lesion was determined using a receiver operating characteristic(ROC curve analysis.Each lesion was classified into two major types:mass and non-mass lesion.The diagnostic performance of DWI was compared in breast mass and non-mass lesions.Results:155 malignant and 81 benign lesions were confirmed in 236 lesions.

材料与方法：搜集术前行乳腺MR检查并经穿刺或手术病理证实的236例乳腺病变，以对侧正常乳腺腺体作为正常对照，采用横轴位的平面回波-扩散加权成像序列，TR=8400ms，TE=93.8ms，层厚=4mm，激励次数=2：视野=30×30cm，矩阵=128×128，ASSET=2，b值=0和1000s/mm~2；参考动态增强图像准确定位，测量病变区和对侧正常乳腺腺体的ADC值，应用t检验比较良、恶性病变及正常腺体ADC值的差异，采用接收者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve，ROC)确定良恶性病变的ADC界值；根据BI-RADS MRI将乳腺病变按照形态学表现分为肿块性病变和非肿块性病变两组，比较ADC值在肿块和非肿块性病变中定性诊断的效能。

In 1931, the Wisconsin research team proved the mammal nutrition must the third kind of element is the zinc; in 1961 Ananda S, Prasad and so on reported that "Iranian village sickness", has the short, the reproductive organ maldevelopment, to lack the iron liver splenomegaly, low-spirited, to be addicted to rests and so on sickness, the zinc treatment has the good effect; Various countries also one after another have the zinc denutrition the report which confirmed after the experiment, and discovered that the zinc medicinal preparation treats enteropathy extremity dermatitis to have the special effect.

锌为人体必需的微量元素之一，其作用巨大，正引起社会各界的日益重视，被近代医学界、营养学界喻为人体的"生命之花"、"智慧元素"。1931年，威斯康星研究小组证明哺乳动物营养所必需的第三种元素是锌；1961年Ananda S，Prasad等报告"伊朗乡村病"，有身材矮小、生殖器官发育不良、缺铁性肝脾肿大、精神不振、嗜睡等症，锌治疗有良效；各国也陆续有锌营养缺乏经实验证实的报道，并发现锌剂治疗肠病性肢端皮炎有特效。20世纪70年代末以后，我国各地有大量关于锌缺乏病的报道，以小儿为多见。

objective:to explore the clinical value of digital mammography on diagnosis of small breast cancer.methods:we retrospectively analyzed the representation of molybdenum target x-ray in 40 patients with small breast cancer diagnosed by biopsy.result:the molybdenum target x-ray showed nodosity tumor in 17 cases,calcification in 13 cases,density in 8 cases,focal grand architectural distortion in 6 case,single dilated in 3 cases and blood vessel line thickening in 6 case.conclusions:digital mammography is the most important means in the diagnosis of small breast cancer,which can distinguish between different kinds of breast density of different tissues and find small breast lump.the mammography has a high sensitivity in the diagnosis of small breast cancer.

目的：提高对小乳癌影像学的认识。方法：回顾性分析40例经病理证实的小乳癌患者的x线片。结果：x线表现为肿块17例，钙化13例，致密影8例，局部结构紊乱6例，单支导管扩张3例，血管影增多、增粗6例。结论：影像学是小乳癌诊断的最主要手段，能区别乳房各种不同组织的不同密度，能发现较小的乳腺肿块，对于乳腺癌的诊断，乳腺x线钼靶摄片具有较高的灵敏度。

As mentioned earlier, elastinolysiss thought to be an essential component of emphysema.3 This is supported by both pathophysiologic and biochemical investigations, which show reduced lung elastic recoil, disrupted elastic tissue structure, higher circulating levels of elastin peptide breakdown products, and higher levels of desmosine in urine and lung secretions.3 Of the macrophage-derived MMPs identified in emphysematous and COPD tissue, the gelatinases MMP2 and MMP9 are elastinolytic.

正如早些时候提及的，elastinolysiss被认为是肺气肿的主要成份之一。这可以由病理生理研究与生化研究所证实，这两项研究同时提示肺弹性活力的降低，弹性组织结构的断裂，弹力蛋白肽分解产物循环水平的增高，以及尿与肺脏分泌物中锁链素水平的增高。在气肿型或COPD组织中，经确定的巨噬细胞源性的金属蛋白酶中，elastinoly的MMP2与 MMP9是elastinolytic。

objective to evahiate the diagnostic value of us in malignant mixed mullerian tumor.methods 17 cases with mmmt were proved by surgery and pathology studied retrospectively and their ultrasonographic features were mainly reviewed.results of the 17 cases, 11 cases were in uterus, 3 cases were in cervixes,l case fallopian tubes,2 cases in ovaries.us can well demonstrate the extent、border and the relationship with adjacent tissue.conculusion the results showed that the 2 d and cdfi can provide valuable information in diagnosing.

摘 要］目的：探讨女性生殖系统恶性mullerian混合瘤的超声图像与病理组织类型的关系，以期为临床诊断提供准确的参考依据。方法：回顾性分析经手术和病理证实的17例女性生殖系统恶性mullerian混合瘤超声特征，并与病理学组织类型进行对比研究。结果：17例病例中发生在子宫体11例，子宫颈3例，输卵管1例，卵巢2例。二维超声能清楚显示肿瘤部位、大小范围、边界以及与临近结构的关系。结合彩色多普勒对肿瘤性质的判定具有重要意义。

Abstract］ Objective To discuss early cardiac cancer's X-ray performance,enhance the understanding of this sick.Methods After surgery and pathology confirmation 28 examples of early cardiac cancer X-ray performance were analyzed.

目的 探讨早期贲门癌的X线表现，提高对本病的认识方法回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的28例早期贲门癌患者的X线表现。

Most divergences between classifications of the same substance should be removed over time either through co-operation between notifiers and registrants or by EU harmonized classifications for substances that are category 1, 2, and 3 CMRs, respiratory sensitizers, and other substances if justified on a case-by-case basis.

大多数对同种物质的分类的分歧须通过通报者或注册者之间的合作或由欧盟的统一分类即分I、II、III类CMRs物质，呼吸道感光剂及其他经个案一一证实的物质。

Objective:To study the radiation-induced changes of carcinoma lesion and non-tumor tissues and organs of pelvis in patients with cervical canner on magnetic resonance imaging during and after radiation therapy. Methods:pelvic MR imaging was performed in 36 patients with cervical carcinoma before, during, and after radiation therapy. The size and signal changes of carcinoma lesions and pelvic soft tissues were observed on MR images.

目的：分析宫颈癌放射治疗中与放疗后肿瘤与盆腔非肿瘤软组织的MRI改变方法：36例经病理证实的宫颈癌患者在放射治疗、中、和治疗后不同时间阶段行盆腔的MRI成像，并观察肿瘤及盆腔软组织器官在放疗前后的小或信号改变。

Methods: The imaging data of 27 cases with PAP and 22 cases after BAL were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were proved by pathological findings.

对27例全部经病理证实的PAP进行回顾性分析，MSCT上观察病灶的形态、范围、边缘及对比灌洗术前后的变化，分析PAP的MSCT表现。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。