经济的

Since the 21st century, science and technology have been playing an important role in the development of economy.

随着经济的发展，科技和人才在经济发展中起着越来越重要的作用。

The abidance that should achieve economy grows to must maintain the quality that economy grows again.

要实现经济的持续增长又必须保持经济增长的质量。

We first drew a total regression on the data of 30 regions from 1997 to 2005 and find that material capital elasticity of economic growth has a tendency of decline. Wile the human capital elasticity of economic growth showed a strong volatility. Then our research was focused on how human capital was influenced by economic growth among the four major part of China. The conclusion is. the human capital elasticity of economic growth in coastal areas, central areas and western areas of China increases when time goes by. When it comes to northeast areas, it is quite another situation: discrepancies do exist among regions, but do not exist among these years.

首先对我国从1997年至2005年30个地区的数据进行总体回归，得出结论为经济增长对物质资本的弹性有着下降的趋势，对人力资本的弹性则呈现较强的波动性；然后再分析我国四大区域之间，人力资本受经济增长的影响情况，得出的结论为，沿海地区、中部地区、西部地区的人力资本对经济的弹性都随着时间推移而增加，但是东北地区在这几年间的基本是不存在差异的，而且地区之间的也是有着较大差异的。

The first half of the chapter begins with the introduction of three common viewpoints over the two kinds of theories, followed by deep investigation and description of some biased nature in them, then comes up with the conclusion that we must draw a clear distinction between what was said by Marx himself and what has long been accepted as dogmatical statements. The later half of chapter introduces various understandings to the theory of three social orders evoked by the discussion of economic social formation, points out the drawbacks of and the author"s disproval to the idea that economic social formation only exists in a definite historical period. This chapter is to deepen the understanding of Marx" theory of three social orders through the discussion of the other two important theories related to it.

首先介绍了迄今为止在&三形态说&和&五形态说&的讨论中出现的三种基本观点，并分别对这些观点加以反思，通过反思指出了这几种观点中存在的一些偏颇之处，提出了在讨论三大社会形态理论和五种社会形态理论的相互关系时要对马克思本人的&五形态说&和传统的教条化的&五形态说&加以明确的区分；接着介绍了在讨论&经济的社会形态&这一范畴时所引发的对三大社会形态理论的不同理解，指出了把&经济的社会形态&理解为一种特定历史阶段的社会形态类型所产生的问题，反对把&经济的社会形态&理解为一种特定历史阶段的社会形态类型。

However, we don"t find neither the economies of scale nor the diseconomies of scale in the investment banking industry. What"s more, the scope of Chinese investment banks is too narrow and the income relies on the traditional deals too much, which makes the industry far from the economies of scope.The dissertation starts from restrict-pricing model of Spence and Bain-Sylos and analyzes the mechanism of the strategy of excessive production capacity. And based on the extended dynamic game theory of Dixit the dissertation establishes the dynamic game theory model of capital promise and entry deterrence. The dissertationillustrates the essence of scale strategy of Chinese investment banking industry: Firstly domestic investment banks should optimize the capital structure and the scale expansion by proper financing arrangement.

本文对我国投资银行业的产业绩效进行了实证检验：市场结构、行业规模以及市场总体收益率对行业的利润率具有很强的解释能力，从影响的相对水平来看，集中度的影响要大于市场收益的影响，同时，规模的影响与集中度、市场收益的影响相反；同时，基于规模经济的横截面分析表明，我国投资银行业的经济规模与其绩效之间还不存在明显的关系；而且，我国投资银行业总体上经营范围狭窄，业务内涵单一，在收入构成上过分依赖于传统的三大业务，也远远没有发挥出行业的范围经济优势。

With the increase of market, new contract management problem and new demand is born consequently. Enterprise who want to protect their rights and increase their compete ability, should enhance cognition of contract management, should staidly research and conclude problems of economy loss and experiences and lessons which came from contract endorsing. And then, to perfect management system and gain a firm foothold and expand share in market, enterprise should improve staff diathesis and build work status accountability.

随着市场化程度的提高，在合同管理上会不断产生新的问题，因此也会提出新的要求，企业要想在履约过程中维护自身的合法权益，提高适应市场和参与市场竞争的能力，就需要从市场经济是法制经济、合同经济的高度，加深对建筑合同管理的深刻认识，认真研究、总结合同签订时存在的各种问题给企业带来的经济损失和经验教训，从提高合同管理人员素质、建立岗位责任制等方面不断健全和完善内部的合同管理制度和管理体系，使企业在建筑市场中站稳脚跟，扩大份额。

Therefore, western countries such as the EU and the USA refused to approve Chinese market economy status because of political and economical factors in anti-dumping investigations against China. They mainly apply"Subrogate Country"to calculate the normal value of Chinese goods in adjudicating anti-dumping cases, which brought forth much difficult to Chinese enterprises'reply to accusations. It also caused serious damages to the economic benefits and the development of economic of China.

因此，在对我国提起的反倾销调查中，以欧美为首的西方国家为了不同的政治和经济利益，拒绝承认中国的&市场经济地位&，从而在反倾销裁决中，确定我国涉案产品的正常价值主要采用替代国制度，使我国企业在应对反倾销调查中处于极为不利的境地，给我国的经济利益造成了重大的损失，对我国经济的发展造成了重大的不利影响。

This essay analyzes the actuality of investigation in China Mass-economics and points out shortages of present investigation in the area: two falls and two disjoints , namely the fall between qualitative investigation and quantitative investigation, the fall between macroscopic investigation and microcosmic investigation, the disjoint between theory and practice, the disjoint between economical theory and communication theory; the causations of the deficiency are: from subjective view neglecting the localization of overseas achievement in Mass-economics and the investigation of ontology.

内容提要：本文对五本期刊1990年以来有关传媒经济的研究文章进行了整理和考察，分析了我国传媒经济学研究的现状，指出了当前传媒经济研究的不足之处：&两个落差、两个脱节&，即定性研究与定量研究的落差、宏观研究与微观研究的落差、理论与实践的脱节、经济学理论与传播学理论的脱节；造成不足的原因是：主观上忽视了国外传媒经济研究成果的本土化、忽视了传媒经济学的本体论研究，客观上存在着体制因素的制约、人文科学研究习惯的制约以及研究者自身素质的制约；本文对今后传媒经济学的研究提出了建议：建立传媒经济学研究的科学构架、建立适合本学科特点的研究方法、充分吸收经济学的理论成果等。

They not only set up posthouses, transport offices and urgent-deliver offices throughout the country, but also opened up a lot of post roads and renovated many maj...

这一驿传网络对于明代社会经济的发展产生了较大的影响，本文主要从驿路交通网络的构建及其对商品流通的影响、驿路交通与市镇的发展、驿传与边疆地区的开发、驿路与区域市场的形成和发展这四个方面详尽地论述了驿传对于经济发展的积极影响，同时指出，由于驿递夫役差役浩繁，其对于经济的发展也产生了一定的消极影响。

Today we do not seek to impose our vision on others, but we are convinced that certain rights are universal -- not American rights or European rights or rights for developed nations, but the birthrights of people everywhere, now enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights -- the right to be treated with dignity; the right to express one's opinions, to choose one's own leaders, to associate freely with others, and to worship, or not, freely, however one chooses.

经济保障也应该是自由的要素。这在《联合国经济社会文化权益公约》中获得承认。在中国，你们为培育这种自由已迈出了大步，保证不遭受匮乏，并成为贵国人民的力量源泉。中国人的收入提高了，贫困现象减轻了；人们有了更多的选择就业的机会和外出旅游的机会，有了创造更好生活的机会。但真正的自由不仅仅是经济的自由。我们美国人民认为这是一个不可分割的概念。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。