经济学的

The editors and contributors to the Handbook are distinguished scholars who write clearly and accessibly about the political economy of government budgets and their policy implications.

手册的那些编辑和捐助者是清楚写的卓越的学人和关於政府预算和他们的政策暗示的政治经济学的accessibly。

Contents in this chapter includes a brief introduction of the history of premium price cartelization, the evolution of state regulation on this kind of naked price-fixing conducts, a summary of varied economic analysis of such cartelization, and a description of how the ISO gave up the practice of publishing advisory rates. This chapter also speculates that, in the end, the state rate regulation may well return to the track of normal antitrust regulation considering the abandonment of advisory rate.

在第三章里，论文分析了美国保险业获得豁免的协会定价行为，介绍美国保险业早期通过行业协会来组成价格卡特尔的情形，同时介绍了各州对这类协会定价行为的监管变迁；对行业协会定价行为进行了竞争效果分析，从经济学的角度对这类最明显、最突出的垄断行为进行定性分析；接下来介绍保险行业协会如何在公众压力之下被迫放弃协会定价行为，分析了保险费率监管是怎样向着反托拉斯法规制回归的。

Censure person think economic person assumes cannot commissarial is all and substaintial, also cause the person that deny and harm; and affirm to think to moral attribute of the person, morality also is the explanation that can receive economics, people is seeking an increase just about the biggest the tie that morality formed in the course that change.

非议者认为经济人假设不能代表人的全部本质，也对人的道德属性造成否定和伤害；而肯定者则认为，道德也是能够得到经济学的解释的，人们正是在寻求利益最大化的过程中形成了道德的约束。

There is a saying in China: The sellers are always more clever than the buyers. This saying indicates the connotation of dissymmetrical information in economics and catholicity of dissymmetrical information in reality.

&买的不如卖的精&，中国的这一俗语形象地点出了经济学的非对称信息理论的内涵和现实中非对称信息的普遍性。

Though they have different research perspectives and emphases, they are uniform in inherence: their thought courses are approximately from inchoation to maturity; the criticism to bourgeois plutonomy is their consistent cause; their common theoretic base is that the development and evolvement of economic formation of society lie in the development of social production.

五形态论和三形态论的研究视角和理论侧重点虽有所不同，但是，两者却是内在统一的：从发端到成熟，其思想进程基本吻合；对资产阶级政治经济学的批判，是其产生的一致动因；社会经济形态的发展和演变归根到底取决于社会生产的发展，是其共同的理论基点。

Under the frame of inframarginal analysis, this thesis applies the transaction cost theory and the social capital theory to analyze peasants' choice of the different organizations and the various levels of the organization, also it combines questionnaire investigation and case interview to make an empirical research.

论文在超边际分析的理论框架下，运用新制度经济学的交易费用理论和社会学的社会资本理论，对农民配置人力资本的组织形式选择及农民普遍选定的经济组织内部的层次差异进行理论分析，并采用问卷调查与个案访谈相结合的方法对其进行了实证研究。

The main reason lies not only on power quantity, but more on power structure. This article based on some theories of industrial economics and lengthways analy...

本文从产业经济学的角度，以纵向分析为主，沿着现状、问题与对策的分析思路，对我国电力工业与国民经济的关联、电力投资结构、电源结构、电网结构与区域结构等进行了深入的分析，为进一步促进我国电力结构的调整、资源的优化配置和电力工业的改革与发展提出了一些对策和建议。

The first part introduces mainly the concept of entrepreneur, analyzes diatheses and culture that entrepreneur should have, and discusses entrepreneur's functions from the view of west economics, such as innovation, decision making, leading, and coordination.

文章的第一部分主要介绍了企业家的内涵，然后分析了一个企业家应该具备的素质与修养。认为企业家应具备&三识&和&三性&，&三识&即知识、见识和胆识，&三性&即理性、悟性和韧性。第一部分的最后从西方经济学的角度分析了企业家的职能，即创新、决策、领导、协调等等。

Then make the comprehensive comment to the objective foundation and realistic margins of the economic development of city country of Ningxias; Analyze the basic situation, characteristics, main illness of the whole industry development and the influence factor of the further developments of Ningxia; Further summing up the practice of Town construction and its interaction with country in Ningxia region, inducing three experiences of the positive interactive development of the city country, namely: to make science programming before city country coordination, to interact surrounding the area of the agriculture science and technology park ,to interact in developing agricultural product industry; to interact Will rely on the capital of city and the system creative ;to interact still exist in the process of the forestation in mountain area ;finally the paper put forward the management counterplans of interaction of the city country of Ningxia, among them generalize the industry organization mode of the interaction development as" five change": the layout centralize, enterprise collectivize , the information globalizes, the industry ecosystem ,the management itemize ;Generalize the operation mechanism as" four move": the enterprise in active, the government push, the industry move together.

文中综述了马克思主义和西方经济学的基本理论观点，我国已有的主要发展模式；对宁夏地区城乡经济发展的客观基础和现实差距进行了综合评述；分析了宁夏全区产业发展的基本态势、特点、主要病症和进一步发展的影响因素等；总结了宁夏城镇建设与农业、农村互动发展的实践，归纳出城乡互动良性发展的三条经验，即：实现城乡统筹协调要有科学规划，围绕农业科技园区建设搞互动，在加快发展农产品加工业中搞互动；将依托首府城市，通过管理体制创新实现互动发展，结合退耕还林还草活动推动山区城乡互动发展，以及发挥小城镇带动作用，城乡共建特色产业实现互动发展，分别作为一个发展模式。最后提出了宁夏地区城乡互动发展的管理对策，其中将互动发展的产业组织模式概括为&五化&：即布局集群化、企业集团化、信息全程化、产业生态化和管理项目化；将运作机制概括为&四动&：即企业主动、政府推动、产业联动、资金滚动。

Based on the discussion of environmental economy,the argument background of sustainable development idea,the difference between sustainable development and traditional development model and the disadvantages with current national accounting system,this paper puts forward a framework of policies and measures for internalizing environmental cost from macro to micro level to reach a sustainable development in Ch...

本文从环境经济学的角度出发，分析了可持续发展思想的产生争论背景、可持续发展与传统发展模式的差异以及现行国民经济核算体系的严重缺陷。在此基础上，根据经济过渡期和市场经济的特点和要求，提出了实现可持续发展战略的宏观、中观和微观的环境成本内部化政策和措施。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。